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Immune, Lymphatic, and Circulatory Systems
human anatomy and physiology, college level nursing flashcards
50
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
04/23/2012

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Cards

Term
Seven Functions of Blood
Definition
- gaseous exchange
- H2o transport
- Immunity
- thermal exchange
- waste removal
- nutrient delivery
- gaseous exchange
Term
Contents of Whole Blood
Definition
formed blood and plasma
Term
Contents of Serum
Definition
clotted plasma, no fibrinogen
Term
Contents of Plasma
Definition
fluid portion of blood
Term
Matrix
Definition
fibers and ground substance
Term
Low Hematocrit Value
Definition
low red blood cells, anemia, bleeding, leukemia, malnourishment, over-hydration, vitamin deficiency
Term
High Hematocrit Value
Definition
congenital heart disease, hypoxia, high altitude living, erythrocytosis, pulmonary fibrosis, polycythemia vera
Term
Neutrophils
Definition
most numerous, type of granulocyte, 50-70% of WBC, pink granules, phagocytize bacteria
Term
Eosinophils
Definition
1-3%, attack parasites, release substances that inactivate basophils, increase with allergy, middle size granule, 2nd least common, type of granulocyte
Term
Basophil
Definition
0-1%, mast cells, release histamine, heparin, t- lymphocytes, large granules
Term
Monocytes
Definition
phagocytize bacteria, 3rd most common
Term
Lymphocytes
Definition
2nd most common, 25-35%, active in viral infections, 3 types (NK, B, T), not much cytoplasm
Term
Hemorrhagic anemia
Definition
loss of blood
Term
Aplastic anemia
Definition
bone marrow does not produce RBCs
Term
Pernicious anemia
Definition
lack of vitamin B12
Term
Hemolytic anemia
Definition
hemolytic disease of a newborn
Term
leukopenia
Definition
bone marrow stops producing WBCs
Term
leukemia
Definition
malignant disease of hematopoietic tissue
Term
Non specific Immune system
Definition
macrophages, mast cells, neutrophils, NK, complement
Term
Specific Immune system
Definition
antigen presenting cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, langerhans
Term
lymphatic vessels
Definition
system of tubules filled with lymph
Term
lymphatic tissues
Definition
accumulations of lymphocytes
Term
primary lymphoid tissue
Definition
red bone marrow, thymus gland
Term
secondary lymphoid tissue
Definition
lymph nodes, spleen, MALT, GALT
Term
MALT/GALT
Definition
Malt- tonsils, adenoids, reproductive system
Galt- appendix, peyers patches
Term
functions of the lymphatic system
Definition
remove excess fluid from interstitial space, removal of blood proteins, transports fat digestion products, lymphocyte high way, bodily defense
Term
Composition of lymph
Definition
clotting factors, fibrinogen, proteins, fat, lymphocytes
Term
Lymph Flow- Interstitial fluid pressure/Intrinsic pump
Definition
capillary pressure, decreased plasma osmotic pressure increased interstitial osmotic pressure, blocked lymphatics
Term
Extrinsic fluid pump for lymph
Definition
skeletal muscles, movement of parts of the body, arterial pulsations, respirations
Term
Red bone marrow
Definition
processes B lymphocytes, primary lymphoid tissues, produces RBCS
Term
Thymus gland
Definition
primary lymphoid, lymphocytes = 90% of weight, Hasalls corpsulls
Term
T-lymphocytes
Definition
differentiate and grow in thymus, proteins (CD4, CD8, TCR), self-education between "self" & "non-self" antigens, rogue lymphocytes go through apoptosis
Term
Lymph nodes are found where
Definition
submandibular nodes, cervical, axillary, inguinal, thoracic, supratrochlear, abdominal, pelvic
Term
Lymph node function
Definition
filter "foreign" material from lymph, immune cells function and proliferate
Term
Spleen function
Definition
macrophages clear the blood of bacteria, parasites and cell debris, remove worn-out RBC, lymphocytes multiply and function **in some animals its a reservoir for RBC/platelets
Term
Acute inflammation
Definition
triggered by pathogens, cytokine proteins provide signals between immune cells to coordinate inflammatory response
Term
Cytokine
Definition
signalling molecules
Term
Chemokine
Definition
subgroup of cytokines
Term
Mast Cell in Acute Inflammation
Definition
release histamine and heparin, vascular response
Term
Macrophages
Definition
phagocytize bacteria, secrete interleukins & TNK
Term
Dendritic cells in acute inflammation
Definition
langer hans, migrate to lymph nodes "inter digitating dendritic cells"
Term
vascular response
Definition
arterioles dilate, capillaries become more permeable to proteins
Term
cellular response
Definition
chemokines like interleukin-8, complement generates and chemoattractant
Term
lysozyme
Definition
dissolves and coats bacteria
Term
acid
Definition
within stomach/proteolytic enzymes
Term
antimicrobial peptides
Definition
form chemical shied
Term
autoimmune disease
Definition
immune system fails to make distinction between friend and foe
Term
AMI- antibody mediated immunity
Definition
mediated by antibodies made by mature B-lymphocytes
Term
CMI- cell-mediated immunity
Definition
involves T-lymphocytes, react with foreign antigens on the surface of other cells
Term
DiGeorge Syndrome
Definition
do not have a functional thymus, lack mature T cells, cannot have CMI- often infected by intracellular viruses
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