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ICP
ICP objectives
20
Anatomy
Graduate
11/26/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
what are examples of skull contents that influence intracranial pressure
Definition
brain tumors, infarction with edema, subdural or subarachnoid hemorrhage that increases CSF production, deformation of brain tissue causing increase in ICP
Term
how can cerebral blood flow influence ICP
Definition
increased blood supply to the brain can can increase ICP. Low blood flow can cause tissue death/ischemia
Term
describe autoregulation of ICP
Definition
as cerebral perfusion pressure falls, there is immediate vasodilation of the cerebral resistance vessels, a fall in cerebrovascular resistance, and a rise in cerebro-blood volume; therefore, cerebral blood flow remains constant. And vice versa if cerebral perfusion pressure is too high. Overall, the cerebral blood vessels are able to change the flow of blood through them by altering their diameters.
Term
what is ICP?
Definition
measure of pressure inside the cranium.
Term
what is normal ICP
Definition
5-10 mmHg
Term
what is MAP?
Definition
mean arterial pressure = measure of the average blood pressure in one cardiac cycle
Term
how is MAP calculated
Definition
MAP = 1/3 systolic BP + 2/3 diastolic BP
Term
what is CPP
Definition
measure of the net pressure gradient causing blood flow (perfusion) to the brain
Term
how is CPP calculated
Definition
CPP = MAP - ICP
Term
if MAP increases, what will happen to CPP
Definition
increased MAP = increased CPP
Term
if ICP increases, how does this affect CPP
Definition
increased ICP = decreased CPP. This can be deadly in TBI
Term
what is the recommended value of ICP to maintain health of brain tissue
Definition
< 20-25 mmHg
Term
what is the recommended value of CPP to maintain healthy brain tissue.
Definition
>60-75 mmHg
Term
what are 2 methods used to monitor ICP
Definition
camino bolt, extraventricular drain
Term
describe the camino bolt
Definition
inserted into subarachnoid space, monitors ICP, but doesn't drain CSF
Term
describe the extraventricular drain (EVD)
Definition
inserted into lateral ventricle, measures ICP and drains CSF
Term
can you close an EVD?
Definition
yes.
Term
how does an EVD affect PT treatment
Definition
need to have EVD closed to get a true number of ICP. Need to get an ICP limit from the doctor to know when to stop treatment.
Term
what are preferred methods for ICP reduction
Definition
CSF drainage, elevate head to 30 deg, airway and ventilation control, sedation and analgesia, control fever, control HTN, prevent seizures
Term
what are last resort ways to lower ICP
Definition
heavy sedation/paralysis, hyperventilation, barbituate coma, hypothermia, decompressive craniotomy
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