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Human Structure - Anatomy - Upper Extremity - Musculature
Upper Extremity Muscles - Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Vasculature, and Actions
147
Anatomy
Graduate
09/06/2009

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Latissimus Dorsi:

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Vertebral Spines from T7 to the sacrum, posterior third of the iliac crest, lower 3 or 4 ribs, sometimes the inferior angle of the scapula.

 

Insertion: Floor of the intertubercular groove.

Term

Latissimus Dorsi:

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Thoracodorsal Nerve (C7/8)

 

Vasculature: Thoracodorsal Artery

Term

Latissimus Dorsi:

Action

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Definition

Actions:

Primary: Extends the arm

Secondary: Rotates the arm medially

Term

Levator Scapulae:

Origin and Insertion

[image]

 

Definition

Origin: Transverse process of C1-C4

 

Insertion: Medial border of the scapula, superior to the spine

Term

Levator Scapulae:

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

 

Vasculature:  Dorsal Scapular Artery

Term

Levator Scapulae:

Action

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Definition

Action

Elevates the scapula

Term

Rhomboid Major:

Origin and Insertion

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Definition

Origin: Spinous process of T2-T5

 

Insertion: Medial border of the scapula, inferior to the spine

Term

Rhomboid Major

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

 

Vasculature: Dorsal Scapular Artery

Term

Rhomboid Major

Action

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Definition

Action

Retracts, Elevates, and Rotates the Scapula Inferiorly

Term

Rhomboid Minor

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Spinous process of C7-T1, Ligamentum nuchae

 

Insertion: Medial border of the scapula, proximal to the root of the spine

Term

Rhomboid Minor

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

 

Vasculature: Dorsal Scapular Artery

Term

Rhomboid Minor

Action

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Definition

Action

Retacts, Elevates, and Rotates the Scapula Inferiorly.

Term

Serratus Anterior

Origin and Insertion

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Definition

Origin: Ribs 1 thru 8 or 9

 

Insertion: Costal medial border of Scapula

Term

Serratus Anterior

Innervation and Vasculature

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Definition

Innervation: Long Thoracic Nerve (C5-C7)

 

Vasculature: Lateral Thoracic Artery

Term

Serratus Anterior

Action

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Definition

Action

Primary: Draws the Scapula Forward

 

Secondary: Rotates the Scapula Superiorly

Term

Trapezius

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Medial third of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T12

 

Insertion: Lateral third of the clavicle, medial side of the acromion and the upper crest of the scapular spine

Term

Trapezius

Innervation and Vasculature

[image] 

Definition

Innervation: Accessory Nerve (XI)

 

Vasculature: Transverse Cervical Artery

Term

Trapezius

Action

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Definition

Action

Elevates and depresses the scapula (depending on which part of the muscle contracts)

Rotates the scapula superiorly

Retracts scapula

Term

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Origin and Insertion

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Definition

Origin: Pisiform

 

Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx

Term

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Innervation and Vasculature

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Definition

Innervation: Deep Branch of Ulnar Nerve (C8 & T1)

 

Vasculature: Ulnar Artery

Term

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Abducts the 5th Digit

Term

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

Origin and Insertion

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Definition

Origin: Flexor retinaculum, scaphoid, trapezium

 

Insertion: Base of the proximal phalanx

Term

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

Innervation and Vasculature

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Definition

Innervation: Recurrent branch of the median nerve

 

Vasculature: Superficial plamar branch of the radial artery

Term

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Abducts the thumb

Term

Abductor Pollicis Longus

Origin and Insertion

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Definition

Origin: Middle one-third of the posterior surface of the radius, interosseous membrane, mid-portion of posterolateral ulna

 

Insertion: Radial base of the first metacarpal

Term

Abductor Pollicis Longus

Innervation and Vasculature

[image] 

Definition

Innervation: Deep branch of the Radial Nerve

 

Vasculature: Posterior Interosseous Artery

Term

Abductor Pollicis Longus

Action

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Definition

Action

Abducts the thumb at carpometacarpal joint

Term

Adductor Pollicis

Origin and Insertion

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Definition

Origin:

Oblique head - capitate and base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

Transverse head - shaft of the 3rd metacarpal

 

Insertion: Base of thumb's proximal phalanx

Term

Adductor Pollicis

Innervation and Vasculature

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Definition

Innervation: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve

 

Vasculature: Deep palmar arch

Term

Adductor Pollicis

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Adducts the thumb

Term

Anconeus

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Lateral Epicondyle

 

Insertion: Lateral olecranon and superior fourth of the ulna

Term

Anconeus

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Radial nerve

 

Vasculature: Interosseus Reccurent Artery

Term

Anconeus

Action

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Definition

Action

Extends the forearm

Stabalizes the arm during rotation

Term

Biceps Brachii

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin:

Short head - tip of the coracoid process

Long head - supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

 

Insertion: Radial tuberosity

Term

Biceps Brachii

Innervation and Vasculature

[image] 

Definition

Innervation: Musculocutaneous Nerve

 

Vasculature: Brachial Artery

Term

Biceps Brachii

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Primary: Flexes the forearm / arm

 

Secondary: Supinates the arm

Term

Brachialis

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Anterior surface of the lower one-half of the humerus and the associated intermuscular septa

 

Insertion: Coronoid process

Term

Brachialis

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,6)

 

Vasculature: Brachial and Radial Recurrent Arteries

Term

Brachialis

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Flexes the forearm

Term

Brachioradialis

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Lateral Sypracondylar Ridge

 

Insertion: Styloid of Radius

Term

Brachioradialis

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Radial Nerve

 

Vasculature: Radial Recurrent

Term

Brachioradialis

Action

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Definition

Action

Primary: Flexes the Elbow

 

Secondary: Pronation and Supenation

Term

Coracobrachialis

Origin and Insertion

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Definition

Origin: Coracoid Process

 

Insertion: Medial mid-shaft of humerus

Term

Coracobrachialis

Innervation and Vasculature

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Definition

Innervation: Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5/6)

 

Vasculature: Brachial Artery

Term

Coracobrachialis

Action

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Definition

Action

Flexes and adducts the arm

Term

Deltoid

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Lateral one-third of the clavicle, acromion, the lower lip of the crest of the spine of the scapula

 

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity

Term

Deltoid:

Innervation and Vasculature

[image] 

Definition

Innervation: Axillary Nerve (C5/6)

 

Vasculature: Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

Term

Deltoid

Action

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Definition

Action

Primary: Abducts arm

Secondary: Flex & medially rotate the arm as well as Extend & laterally rotate the arm

Term

Dorsal Interosseous

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Four muscles, each arising from two adjacent metacarpal shafts

 

Insertion: Base of the proximal phalanx and the extensor expansion on lateral side of the 2nd digit, lateral & medial sides of the 3rd digit, and medial side of the 4th digit

Term

Dorsal Interosseous

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Deep Branch of the Ulnar Nerve

 

Vasculature: Dorsal and Palmar Metacarpal Arteries

Term

Dorsal Interosseous

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Flex the metacarpophalangeal joint, Extend the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-4, abduct digits 2-4

Term

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Origin and Insertion

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Definition

Origin: Common extensor tendon

 

Insertion: Base of 3rd Metacarpal

Term

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Radial Nerve

 

Vasculature: Radial Artery

Term

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Primary: Extends the Wrist

 

Secondary: Abducts the hand

Term

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Common Extensor Tendon

 

Insertion: Base of the 2nd Metacarpal

Term

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Deep Radial Nerve

 

Vaculature: Radial Artery

Term

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Action

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Definition

Action

Primary: Extend the wrist

 

Secondary: Abducts the hand

Term

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Common Extensor Tendon

 

Insertion: Medial base of the 5th Metacarpal

Term

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Deep Radial Nerve

 

Vasculature: Ulnar Artery

Term

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Primary: Extends the wrist

 

Secondary: Adducts the hand

Term

Extensor Digiti Minimi

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Common Extensor Tendon

 

Insertion: Joins the extensor digitorum tendon to the 5th digit and inserts into the extensor expansion

Term

Extensor Digiti Minimi

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Deep Radial Nerve

 

Vasculature: Interosseus Radial Artery

Term

Extensor Digiti Minimi

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Extends the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints of the 5th digit

Term

Extensor Digitorum

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Common Extensor Tendon

 

Insertion: extensor expansion of digits 2-4

Term

Extensor Digitorum

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Deep Radial Nerve

 

Vasculature: Posterior Interosseous and Interosseous Recurrent Arteries

Term

Extensor Digitorum

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Primary: Extends the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints of the 2nd-4th digits

 

Secondary: Extends wrist

Term

Extensor Indicis

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Interosseous membrane and the posterolateral surface of the distal ulna

 

Insertion: Joins the tendon of the extensor digitorum to the second digit; both tendons insert into the extensor expansion

Term

Extensor Indicis

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Deep Radial Nerve

 

Vasculature: Posterior Interosseous Artery

Term

Extensor Indicis

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Extends the Finger

Term

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Interosseous membrane and the posterior surface of the distal radius

 

Insertion: Base of thumbs proximal phalanx

Term

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Deep Radial Nerve

 

Vasculature: Posterior Interosseous Artery

Term

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Extends thumb at MCP Joint

Term

Extensor Pollicis Longus

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Interosseous membrane and middle part of the posterolateral surface of the ulna

 

Insertion: Base of thumb's distal phalanx

Term

Extensor Pollicis Longus

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Deep Radial Nerve

 

Vasculature: Posterior Interosseous Artery

Term

Extensor Pollicis Longus

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Extends thumb and IP Joint

Term

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Common Flexor Tendon

 

Insertion: Base of 2nd and 3rd metecarpal

Term

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Median Nerve

 

Vasculature: Ulnar Artery

Term

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Primary: Flexes the wrist

 

Secondary: Abducts the hand

Term

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Common flexor tendon & medial border of olecranon & upper 2/3 of the posterior border of the ulna

 

Insertion: Pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal

Term

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Ulnar Nerve

 

Vasculature: Ulnar Artery

Term

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Primary: Flexes the wrist

 

Secondary: Adducts the hand

Term

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

 

Insertion: Proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Term

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Ulnar Nerve

 

Vasculatuer: Ulnar Artery

Term

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Flexes the MCP and the carpometacarpal joint of the 5th digit

Term

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Posterior border of the ulna, proximal two-thirds of medial border of ulna, interosseous membrane

 

Insertion: Base of the distal phalanx of digits 2-5

Term

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Median Nerve (Digits 2 and 3) and Ulnar Nerve (Digits 4 and 5)

 

Vasculature: Ulnar and Anterior Interosseous Arteries

Term

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Flexes the MCP, PIP and DIP joints

Term

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Origin and Insertion

 [image]

Definition

Origin: Common flexor tendon and middle 1/3 of radius

 

Insertion: Shafts of the middle phalanges of digits 2-5

Term

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Innervation and Vasculature

 [image]

Definition

Innervation: Median Nerve

 

Vasculature: Ulnar Artery

Term

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Action

 [image]

Definition

Action

Flexes the MCP and PIP joints

Term

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Flexor retinaculum and trapezium

 

Insertion: Proximal phalanx of first digit

Term

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Recurrent branch of the median nerve

 

Vasculature: Superficial palmar branch of the radial artery

Term

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Flexes the MCP and the carpometacapal joints

Term

Flexor Pollicis Longus

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Anterior surface of the radius and the interosseous membrane

 

Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of thumb

Term

Flexor Pollicis Longus

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Median Nerve

 

Vasculater: Anterior interosseous artery

Term

Flexor Pollicis Longus

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Flexes the MCP and IP joints of the thumb

Term

Infraspinatus

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Infraspinatus fossa

 

Insertion: Middle facet of greater tubercle

Term

Infraspinatus

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Suprascapular Nerve

 

Vasculature: Suprascapular Artery

Term

Infraspinatus

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Lateral rotation of the arm

Term

Palmar Interosseous

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: (3 muscles) Palmar shaft of metacarpals 2, 4, and 5

 

Insertion: Base of the proximal phalanx and extensor expansion of the medial side of digit 2, and lateral side of digits 4 & 5

Term

Palmar Interosseous

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve

 

Vasculature: Palmar metacarpal arteries

Term

Palmar Interosseous

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Flexes MCP, extends IP, and adducts digists 2, 4, and 5

Term

Lumbrical

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Flexor digitorum profundus tendons of digits 2-5

 

Insertion: Extensor expansion on the radial side of the proximal phalanx of digits 2-5

Term

Lumbrical

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Median nerve (radial 2) via palmar digital nerves & ulnar nerve (ulnar 2) via deep branch

 

Vasculature: Superficial palmar arch

Term

Lumbrical

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Flexes MCP and extends IP joints of digits 2-5

Term

Opponens Digiti Minimi

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

 

Insertion: Shaft of 5th metacarpal

Term

Opponens Digiti Minimi

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Deep branch of the ulnar nerve

 

Vasculature: Ulnar artery

Term

Opponens Digiti Minimi

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Opposes the fifth digit

Term

Opponens Pollicis

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Trapezium and flexor retinaculum

 

Insertion: Shaft of first metacarpal

Term

Opponens Pollicis

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Recurrent branch of median nerve

 

Vasculature: Superficial palmar branch of the radial artery

Term

Opponens Pollicis

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Opposes the thumb

Term

Palmaris Brevis

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Fascia overlying the hypothenar eminence

 

Insertion: Skin of the palm near the ulnar border of the hand

Term

Palmaris Brevis

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Superficial branch of the ulnar nerve

 

Vasculature: Ulnar artery

Term

Palmaris Brevis

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Draws the skin towards the palm

Term

Palmaris Longus

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Common flexor tendon

 

Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis

Term

Palmaris Longus

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Median nerve

 

Vasculature: Ulnar artery

Term

Palmaris Longus

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Flexes the wrist

Term

Pectoralis Major

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Medial 1/2 of the clavicle, manubrium & body of sternum, costal cartilages of ribs 2-6, sometimes from the rectus sheath of the upper abdominal wall

 

Insertion: Crest of greater tubercle

Term

Pectoralis Major

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

 

Vasculature: Pectoral branch of thoracoacromial artery

Term

Pectoralis Major

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Primary: Flexes and adducts the arm

 

Secondary: Rotates the arm medially

Term

Pectoralis Minor

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Ribs 3 thru 5

 

Insertion: Coracoid process

Term

Pectoralis Minor

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve (C8 & T1)

 

Vasculature: Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery

Term

Pectoralis Minor

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Pulls the scapula forward and downward

Term

Pronator Quadratus

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Medial side of the anterior surface of the distal one-fourth of the ulna

 

Insertion: Anterior surface of the distal one-fourth of the radius

Term

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Median nerve via the anterior interosseous nerve

 

Vasculature: Anterior interosseous artery

Term

Pronator Quadratus

Action

[image]

Definition
Action
Pronates the forearm
Term

Pronator Teres

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Common flexor tendon

 

Insertion: Lateral mid-shaft of the radius

Term

Pronator Teres

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Median nerve

 

Vasculature: Ulnar and Anterior Ulnar Recurrent arteries

Term

Pronator Teres

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Pronates the forearm

Term

Subclavius

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: First Rib

 

Insertion: Inferior surface of clavicle

Term

Subclavius

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Nerve to subclavius (C5)

 

Vasculature: Clavicular branch of the thoracoacromial artery

Term

Subclavius

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Draws the clavicle down and forward

Term

Supinator

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Lateral epicondyle, supinator crest & fossa of the ulna, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament

 

Insertion: Lateral proximal third of the radius

Term

Supinator

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Deep radial nerve

 

Vasculature: Recurrent interosseous artery

Term

Supinator

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Supinates the forearm

Term

Supraspinatus

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Supraspinatus fossa

 

Insertion: Highest facet of the greater tubercle

Term

Supraspinatus

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Suprascapular Nerve (C5 and C6)

 

Vasculature: Suprascapular Artery

Term

Supraspinatus

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Initiates abduction of the arm

Term

Teres Major

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Dorsal side of the Inferior Angle

 

Insertion: Crest of Lesser Tubercle

Term

Teres Major

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Lesser Subscapular Nerve (C5 & C6)

 

Vasculature: Circumflex Scapular Artery

Term

Teres Major

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Primary: Adducts the arm, medially rotates the arm

 

Secondary: Assists in arm extension

Term

Teres Minor

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin: Superior 2/3's of Lateral Border of Scapula

 

Insertion: Lowest facet of Greater Tubercle

Term

Teres Minor

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Axillary Nerve (C5 & C6)

 

Vasculature: Circumflex Scapular Artery

Term

Teres Minor

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Laterally Rotates the Arm

Term

Triceps Brachii

Origin and Insertion

[image]

Definition

Origin:

Long Head - Infraglenoid tubercle

Lateral Head - Posterolateral humerus & lateral intermuscular septum (superior to the radial groove)

Medial Head - Posteromedial surface of the inferior 1/2 of the humerus (inferior to the radial groove)

 

Insertion: Olecranon Process

Term

Triceps Brachii

Innervation and Vasculature

[image]

Definition

Innervation: Radial Nerve

 

Vasculature: Deep Brachial Artery

Term

Triceps Brachii

Action

[image]

Definition

Action

Primary: Extends the forearm

 

Secondary: Extends and Adducts the Arm

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