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Human Movement
Functional Anatomy
71
Anatomy
10th Grade
03/14/2016

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Cards

Term
superior
Definition
towards the head
Term
inferior
Definition
towards the feet
Term
anterior
Definition
front
Term
posterior
Definition
back
Term
medial
Definition
towards the midline
Term
lateral
Definition
towards the outside
Term
prone
Definition
face down
Term
supine
Definition
face up
Term
head
Definition
cranium
Term
shoulder bones
Definition
clavicle and scapula
Term
torso
Definition
vertebrae, breast bones rib cage
Term
arm bones
Definition
humerus, radius and ulna
Term
hand bones
Definition
carpals, metacarpals, superior phalanges
Term
hip
Definition
pelvis
Term
leg bones
Definition
femur, patella, tibia (larger) fibula
Term
feet bones
Definition
tarsals, metatarsals, inferior phalanges
Term
functions of bones
Definition
protection of vital organs, movement, support and attachment, produce blood cells, storage of nutrients
Term
two major skeleton sections
Definition
axial (ribs, spine and cranium) appendicular (all other bones)
Term
types of bones
Definition
long, short, flat, irregular
Term
long bone
Definition
longer than wide, femur, humerus, tibia
Term
short bone
Definition
as wide as it is long, patella, carpals,
Term
flat bone
Definition
sites of attachment, scapula, sternum, pelvis
Term
irregular bone
Definition
irregular in shape, clustered in groups, vertebrae, coccyx, face bones
Term
what makes up a joint
Definition
bone, tendons, ligaments, synovial fluid, muscle, cartilage
Term
what is a joint
Definition
involves two bones meeting, and a varying range of motion depending on the joint
Term
three types of joints
Definition
fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
Term
six types of synovial joints
Definition
ball and socket, condyloid, hinge, gliding, saddle, pivot
Term
movements at joints
Definition
flexion, extension, dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, circumduction, abduction, adduction, rotation, pronation, supination, eversion, inversion
Term
give an example of a movement, the joints and bones involved
Definition
abduction at hip, ball and socket, pelvis and femur
Term
functions of muscular system
Definition
movement of the human body, maintaining posture, generating warmth
Term
types of muscle and examples
Definition
cardiac- heart involuntary, smooth, constant supply of oxygen
smooth- involuntary, internal organs, intestine
skeletal- voluntary, pull on bones to creat movement, bicep
Term
arm muscles
Definition
tricep, bicep
Term
shoulder muscle
Definition
devoid
Term
chest muscles
Definition
pectoralis major
Term
stomach muscles
Definition
abdominals
Term
front thigh muscles
Definition
quadriceps
Term
back thigh muscles
Definition
hamstrings
Term
calf muscle
Definition
gastrocnemius
Term
side of lower leg muscle
Definition
tibialis anterior
Term
middle of back muscle
Definition
trapezius
Term
side f back muscle
Definition
latissimus dorsi
Term
bum muscle
Definition
gluteus maximus
Term
muscle fibre types
Definition
slow twitch, fast twitch
Term
slow twitch muscles
Definition
contract slowly, high resistance to fatigue, low force production, red colour
Term
fast twitch muscle characteristics
Definition
contract quickly, rapidly get tired, high force, white colour
Term
body types
Definition
endomorph- fatter
ectomorph- skinny
mesomorph- muscly
Term
functions of the respiratory system
Definition
supplies oxygen to lungs, smell, exchanges gases between lungs and blood, air vibrating vocal chords creates sounds
Term
main parts of respiratory system
Definition
diaphragm, lungs, airways
Term
list air passages in order
Definition
nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
Term
what are the steps of gas exchange in the lungs
Definition
oxygen enters alveoli, blood in capillaries surrounding alveoli are low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide, pressure of oxygen in each alveoli higher than in capillaries, diffusion occurs. oxygen blood returns to heart
Term
how does breathing occur
Definition
the diaphragm lowers, causing the lungs to expand and lowering the pressure in the lungs so that the higher pressured air outside flows into the lungs. diffusion happens and and the diaphragm lifts, increasing the pressure and the air leaves the lungs
Term
function of circulatory system
Definition
circulate blood, transport oxygen and nutrients and water to cells, removal of waste carbon dioxide, maintain body temperature, fighting disease
Term
three main parts of circulatory system
Definition
heart, blood vessels, blood
Term
how much blood is in the body
Definition
five litres
Term
what is in blood
Definition
red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma
Term
red blood cells
Definition
haemoglobin carries oxygen, produced in bone marrow, 99%
Term
white blood cells
Definition
fight infection, surround and engulf bacteria, develop in bone marrow
Term
platelets
Definition
clots blood, uses protein
Term
plasma
Definition
clots blood, watery liquid, 55% volume of blood, majority is water
Term
what are the blood vessels
Definition
arteries, veins, capillaries
Term
arteries
Definition
transport blood away from heart, pushed through beating of heart, thick, muscular walls, smooth fibres
Term
veins
Definition
towards heart, carry deoxygenated blood, thin, valves. less elastic walls
Term
capillaries
Definition
one cell thick, allow oxygen and nutrients to move into cells from blood and take out waste and co2 into veins
Term
show the flow of blood in the heart
Definition
deoxygenated blood flows into superior or inferior vena caves, into the right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery to lungs, new oxygenated blood enters heart from lungs through pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta
Term
ho to work out maximum heart rate
Definition
220 - age
Term
ball and socket
Definition
rounded bone fits into end of bone, shoulder, circumduction movement
Term
hinge
Definition
acts like a door hinge, elbow, extension and flexion
Term
saddle
Definition
thumb, stability more flexible than hinge joint, rotating movement
Term
gliding
Definition
ankles, bones glide past one another
Term
pivot
Definition
two bones on top of one another, rotate, neck
Term
condyloid
Definition
permits movement in two planes, bones fit into one another metacarpals
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