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Human A & P (Chapter 1)
Chapter 1 (Body Organs, Anatomy, Physiology, Organ System, Prefixes/ Suffixes)
130
Anatomy
10th Grade
08/07/2013

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Cards

Term
Cardio
Definition
heart
Term
Hem, hema, hemo
Definition
blood
Term
Gastro
Definition
stomach
Term
Hepato
Definition
liver
Term
Colo
Definition
colon
Term
Cerebro
Definition
brain, cerebrum
Term
Derm
Definition
skin
Term
Reni, reno, nephro
Definition
kidney
Term
Crani, cephalo
Definition
head
Term
Thoraco
Definition
chest
Term
Osteo
Definition
Bone
Term
Abdomino
Definition
abdomen
Term
Chondr
Definition
cartilage
Term
Cyt
Definition
cell
Term
A, an
Definition
without or not
Term
Ante
Definition
before
Term
Anti
Definition
against, counteracting
Term
Epi
Definition
upon, in addition
Term
Endo
Definition
within
Term
Derma
Definition
skin
Term
Hyper
Definition
too much, high
Term
Hypo
Definition
under, decreased
Term
Inter
Definition
between
Term
Intra
Definition
inside
Term
Mono
Definition
single
Term
Myo
Definition
muscle
Term
Neuro
Definition
nerve
Term
Peri
Definition
around
Term
Pseudo
Definition
false
Term
Viscero
Definition
body organs
Term
-ectomy
Definition
excision, surgical removal of
Term
-itis
Definition
inflammation of
Term
-tomy
Definition
to cut into, make an incision into
Term
-ology
Definition
study of
Term
-stasis
Definition
standing still
Term
Dorsal
Definition
Towards the back
Term
Ventral
Definition
Towards the abdomen
Term
Superior
Definition
Pertaining to a structure that is vertically higher than another structure
Term
Inferior
Definition
Situated below something else; pertaining to the lower surface of a part
Term
Anterior
Definition
Front
Term
Posterior
Definition
Back
Term
Medial
Definition
Toward or near the middle
Term
Lateral
Definition
Pertaining to the side
Term
Proximal
Definition
Describes a body part that is closer to another part
Term
Distal
Definition
Particular body part is farther from the point of attachment or farther from the trunk than another part
Term
Superficial
Definition
External ; situated near the surface
Term
Deep
Definition
Internal; describes the parts that are more internal.
Term
Buccal
Definition
Cheek
Term
Abdominal
Definition
Abdomen
Term
Antebrachial
Definition
Forearm
Term
Axillary
Definition
Armpit
Term
Brachial
Definition
Arm
Term
Carpal
Definition
Wrist
Term
Cephalic
Definition
Head
Term
Cervical
Definition
Neck
Term
Crural
Definition
Leg
Term
Cubital
Definition
Elbow
Term
Digital
Definition
Finger
Term
Femoral
Definition
Thigh
Term
Frontal
Definition
Forehead
Term
Genital
Definition
Reproductive organs
Term
Gluteal
Definition
Buttox
Term
Inguinal
Definition
Groin
Term
Lumbar
Definition
Lower. Back
Term
Mammary
Definition
Breast
Term
Nasal
Definition
Nose
Term
Occipital
Definition
Back of the head
Term
Oral
Definition
Mouth
Term
Orbital
Definition
Eye cavity
Term
Otic
Definition
Ear
Term
Patellar
Definition
Kneecap
Term
Pelvic
Definition
Pelvis
Term
Perineal
Definition
The region between the anus and external reproductive organs
Term
Plantar
Definition
Sole of the foot
Term
Popliteal
Definition
The area behind the knee
Term
Sacral
Definition
Between hips
Term
Sternlal
Definition
Middle of the thorax , anteriorly
Term
Umbilical
Definition
Naval
Term
Vertebral
Definition
Spinal column
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
Sheet like structure composed largely of skeletal muscle and connective tissue that separates thoracic and abdominal cavities
Term
Mediastinum
Definition
Tissues and organs of the thoracic cavity that form a spectrum between the lungs
Term
Viscera
Definition
Pertaining to the contents of a body cavity
Term
Transverse
Definition
Cuts the body in one half, top to bottom , horizontally
Term
Sagital
Definition
Cut the body down the middle, right and left
Term
Frontal
Definition
Divides the body into a front and back side
Term
Body Planes
Definition
Lines that can be used to divide the body or its organs into sections
Term
Integumentary system?
Definition
Protects underlying tissues. Excretes waste. Helps regulate body temperature. Makes vitamin D
Term
The skin, hair, and nails are part of which organ system?
Definition
Integumentary
Term
Skeletal system
Definition
Protection and support. Framework for the muscles. Bone marrow makes new blood cells. Stores minerals.
Term
Bones, joints, and cartilage belong to which organ system ?
Definition
Skeletal
Term
Muscular system
Definition
Contract to cause movement. Produces body heat
Term
The skeletal muscles belong to which organ system?
Definition
Muscular
Term
Nervous system
Definition
Serves as the body's fast acting control system. Activates muscles and glands.
Term
The brain, spinal cord, nerves, and special sensory receptors belong to which organ system?
Definition
Nervous
Term
Endocrine system
Definition
Body's slow acting control system. Hormones are released from endocrine glands and travel through the blood stream to regulate other organs
Term
The pineal , pituary, parathyroids, pancreas, thyroid, thymus, testes, ovaries, and adrenals belong to which organ system?
Definition
Endocrine
Term
Cardiovascular system
Definition
Carry blood throughout the body to deliver oxygen, nutrients , and hormones and carry away waste products
Term
The heart and the blood vessels belong to which organ system ?
Definition
Cardiovascular
Term
Lymphatic system
Definition
Returns fluid that has leaked from blood vessels back to the blood stream. Immunity.
Term
The lymph vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, and tonsils belong to which organ system ?
Definition
Lymphatic
Term
Respiratory system
Definition
Supplies the body with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide.
Term
The nasal cavities , lungs, and trachea belong to which organ system?
Definition
Respiratory
Term
Digestive system
Definition
Breaks down food and delivers the nutrients to the bloodstream. Eliminates indigestible foodstuff as feces.
Term
The oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas belong to which organ system?
Definition
Digestive
Term
Urinary system
Definition
Removes nitrogen containing wastes from the blood and flushes them from the body in urine
Term
The kidneys, ureters, and bladder belong to which organ system?
Definition
Urinary
Term
Reproductive system
Definition
To produce offspring
Term
The testes, ovaries , and uterus belong to which organ system?
Definition
Reproductive
Term
What are the homeostasis control mechanisms ?
Definition
Variable and stimulus
Term
Variable
Definition
what is being regulated
Term
Stimulus
Definition
something that produces a change in the variable and causes it to move away from its normal range
Term
What are the three parts of a stimulus?
Definition
Receptor; Control Center; Effector
Term
Receptor
Definition
alerts the control center when it detects changes in the variable
Term
Control Center
Definition
receives, analyzes, and responds to information about the variable
Term
Effector
Definition
carries out the control center's response
Term
Movement
Definition
all movement, including the movement of substances through the body
Term
Responsiveness
Definition
reacting to changes in the environment
Term
Digestion
Definition
breaking down food into molecules the body can absorb
Term
Absorption
Definition
movement of molecules across a membrane or blood vessel wall and into a cell on the blood stream
Term
Assimilation
Definition
absorbed molecules are used by the body to make energy or new tissue
Term
Respiration
Definition
Obtaining oxygen; using oxygen to release energy from food; removing the resultant gaseous wastes
Term
Circulation
Definition
moving substances through the body in the blood or body fluids
Term
Excretion
Definition
the process of removing waste products that are created by the body's activities
Term
Growth
Definition
an increase in size that happens when there are more new cells being made more than old cells are worn out
Term
Reproduction
Definition
the process of making a new individual- this can also happen on the cellular level (mitosis), usually to repair damaged tissue
Term
Water
Definition
most abundant chemical substance in the body; fluid base for body secretion
Term
Food
Definition
contain the chemicals used for energy and cell building
Term
Oxygen
Definition
Required to drive the chemical reactions that release energy from food
Term
Heat
Definition
too little and metabolic reactions slow and then stop; too much and body proteins begin to break down
Term
Pressure
Definition
breathing and the exchange of O2 and CO2 depend on the appropriate atmospheric boundaries
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