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Human Anatomy cells
anatomy review
38
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
01/22/2014

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Term
What is the term for "All living things do not come from nothing" in other words all living things come from preexisting things.
Definition
Biogenesis
Term
What is the basic unit of life?
Definition
a Cell
Term
All organisms consist of....?
Definition
Cells
Term
which type of cell is 1-10 micrometer, has no nucleus, no organelles, and is typical of Bacteria and archaea ?
Definition
Prokaryotic
Term
which type of cell is 10-100 micrometers, has a membranous nucleus, has organelles and is typical of animals, plants, fungi, and protists?
Definition
Eukaryotic
Term
What do ribosomes look like and where are they located in a cell?
Definition
they are small dots and located in clusters near the nucleus and on some of the endoplasmic reticulum making it the "rough ER"
Term
the organelle within a cell that is responsible for protein synthesis
Definition
ribosomoes
Term
Network of membranes
Definition
endoplasmic Reticulum
Term
the membrane associated with protein production
Definition
Rough Endoplasmic reticulum
Term
the membrane associated with lipid production
Definition
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Term
the organelle read the genetic structure in the RNA and creates amino acids
Definition
Ribosomes
Term
the organelle within a cell that is responsible for the processing of proteins made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
the Golgi apparatus
Term
what does the Golgi apparatus look like?
Definition
a stack of 4 or 5 membrane discs
Term
the type of vesicle that takes things outside the cell or to the cell's plasma membrane
Definition
secretory
Term
the type of vesicle that takes things to other places within the cell.
Definition
transport
Term
what does the root word "Ly-" mean?
Definition
to brake
Term
Lysosomes are enzyme-containing vesicles, what kind of enzymes do they contain?
Definition
digestive enzymes
Term
Which organelle brakes down chemicals or food into smaller parts?
Definition
lysosomes
Term
What does a cell do at its death?
Definition
uses the lysosomes to brake down the cell
Term
what organelle converts hydrogen peroxide into water?
Definition
peroxisomes
Term
which organelle in a cell has a double membrane?
Definition
mitochondria
Term
the organelle that has only one single molecule of DNA
Definition
mitochondria
Term
the organelle that makes ATP
Definition
Mitochondria
Term
what are microfilaments used for?
Definition
creates cell shape
Term
what are intermediate filaments used for
Definition
Root skeleton (these are the most stable)
Term
what are the microtubules used for?
Definition
helps things move within the cells (like a train system)
Term
where do microtubules sprout from?
Definition
centrosomes
Term
the short finger or hair like structures on the outside of a cell that help move fluid (mucus) around it. OR if the cell where free flowing it would help the cell move.
Definition
Cilia
Term
the longer hair like structure on the outside of a cell that helps the cell to move (Think of Sperm)
Definition
Flagellum
Term
the root word "phago" means?
Definition
to eat
Term
the movement or eating processes that requires microfilaments that extend out and the body follows.
Definition
Pseudopodia
Term
what is the 9+2 structure?
Definition
the structure of microfilaments in cilia and flagellum. Nine sets of two that create a ring with two in the center.
Term
the smaller form of cilia
Definition
microvilli
Term
the structure that is NOT used for movement but to increase surface area
Definition
microvilli
Term
the phase that cell will spend a majority of its life in
Definition
interphase- (G1)
Term
Nutrient needs: Nutrient Availability
Definition
Volume: Surface Area
Term
the 5 phases of mitosis in order
Definition
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.
Term
what helps a cell divide into two after telophase? AND what is this process called?
Definition
a ring of microfilaments around the equator or the cell that contract and start to pinch the cell in half. This process is call Cytokinesis.
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