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Human Anatomy right before mid term
stuff between test 3 and midterm
98
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
02/24/2011

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Term
what is fed by the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and the coronary sinus
Definition
right atrium
Term
what has a smooth lining
Definition
right atrium
Term
what separates the smooth portion of the atrium from the auricle
Definition
crista terminales
Term
rough inner contractile muscle of right atrium
Definition
muscular pectineae
Term
the oval opening in the septum secundum; intertrial communication during fetal life
Definition
foramen ovale
Term
oval depression on lower part of the atrial septum, vestige of foramen ovale
Definition
fossa ovalis
Term
another name for the right atrioventricular valve
Definition
tricuspid valve
Term
has three valve flaps
Definition
tricuspid valve
Term
connects the cusps to the papillary muscles
Definition
chordae tendineae
Term
what types of papillary muscles exist as part of the tricuspid valve
Definition
anterior
posterior
septal
Term
occupies most of the sternocostal surface
Definition
right ventricle
Term
irregular bundles of cardiac muscle projecting from interior wall
Definition
trabeculae carneae
Term
what prevents the return of blood to the right ventricle
Definition
pulmonary semilunar valve
Term
each valve flap is cup-like with a nodule centered in its edge
Definition
pulmonary valve
Term
what are the valve flaps of the pulmonary valve designated
Definition
anterior right and left
Term
what does the pulmonary truck bifurcate into
Definition
right and left pulmonary arteries
Term
what carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
Definition
pulmonary trunk
Term
what receives blood from the pulmonary circuit via the pulmonary veins
Definition
left atrium
Term
what are the 4 pulmonary veins
Definition
right superior pulmonary vein
right inferior pulmonary vein
left superior pulmonary vein
left inferior pulmonary vein
Term
on which wall are the opening from the 4 pulmonary veins
Definition
posterior wall
Term
what as an auricle that is smaller and less distinct than the right auricle
Definition
left atrium
Term
what is another name for the bicuspid valve or the left atrioventricular valve
Definition
mitral valve
Term
has 2 valve flaps
Definition
mitral valve
Term
what kinds of papillary muscles exist in the mital valve
Definition
anterior and posterior
Term
which ventricle has a thicker wall
Definition
left
Term
which ventricle forms a considerable amount of the diaphragmatic surface and the apex of the heart
Definition
left ventricle
Term
what valve prevents backflow of blood to the left ventricle
Definition
aortic semi lunar valve
Term
what are the valve flaps of the aortic semi lunar valve designated
Definition
right left posterior
Term
where are the openings for the coronary sinuses visble
Definition
in the aortic sinuses
Term
what carries blood from the left ventricle to all parts of the body
Definition
aorta
Term
what are the three segments of the aorta
Definition
ascending
aortic arch
descending aorta
Term
how high does the aorta ascend
Definition
to the first intercostal space
Term
a fibrous ring called the _________ surrounds each of the four valves
Definition
annulus fibrosis
Term
what connects each of the four fibrous rings
Definition
fibrous plates
Term
what connects the pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves
Definition
conus tendon
Term
what connects the aortic and mitral valves
Definition
the left and right trigonum fibrosum
Term
what anchors the tricuspid and aortic valves
Definition
septum membranaceum
Term
what emerges between the pulmonary truck and right atrium from the right aortic sinus
Definition
right coronary artery
Term
runs to posterior side of the heart along the right atrioventricular sulcus
Definition
right coronary artery
Term
anastomoses with the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery, posteriorly
Definition
right coronary artery
Term
to intercommunicate, mingle, or join
Definition
anastomose
Term
three major branches of the right coronary artery
Definition
artial branch
right marginal artery
posterior descending artery
Term
which ascends to feed the right atrium and yields the sinus nodal artery
Definition
atrial branch of the right coronary artery
Term
feeds the anterior and posterior aspects of the right ventricle
Definition
right marginal artery of the right coronary artery
Term
first major descending branch of the right coronary artery
Definition
right marginal artery
Term
runs inferiorly in the posterior interventricular sulcus. feeds the posterior aspect of the right and left ventricles
Definition
posterior descending artery
or
posterior interventricular artery
Term
emerges from the left aortic sinus behind the pulmonary artery
Definition
left coronary artery
Term
ranges in length from 1 to 12 millimeters, dividing into two major branches
Definition
left coronary artery
Term
runs along the anterior interventricular sulcus, feeding the anterior left ventricle and the interventricular septum
Definition
left anterior descending (LAD)
or
anterior interventricular artery
Term
runs obliquely across the anterior surface of the left ventricle, having varied origination from either the LCA or LAD
Definition
diagonal artery
Term
follows the left atrioventricular sulcus to the posterior to anastomose with the RCA. The Circumflex helps to feed the left atrium and also gives off two major branches
Definition
circumflex artery
Term
runs the lateral aspect of the left ventricle, originating from either the LCA or more common from he circumflex artery
Definition
left marginal artery
Term
a descending branch feeding the posterior aspect of the left ventricle. This artery can be a branch of the circumflex artery, however more common is its origination from the RCA
Definition
posterolateral artery (PLA)
Term
if the PDA and PLA are both served from the left side it is called what. what percent of cases does this occur
Definition
8% it is called dominant LCA system
Term
if the PDA and PLA are both served from the right side it is called what. what% of cases is this
Definition
77% it is called dominant RCA
Term
what percent of cases have non-dominant, or mixed service
Definition
15%
Term
returns blood from the anterior right ventricle crossing superficial to the right coronary artery and empties into the right atrium directly
Definition
anterior cardiac veins
Term
runs along anterior interventricular sulcus and left atrioventricular sulcus and forms much of the coronary sinus of which it dumps into
Definition
great cardiac vein
Term
on posterior wall of left atrium, merges with GCV to form the coronary sinus
Definition
oblique vein
Term
runs in same region as posterior ventricular artery and empties into coronary sinus, variably
Definition
posterior vein of left ventricle
Term
runs along the posterior interventricular sulcus and empties into the right end of the coronary sinus
Definition
middle cardiac vein
Term
runs up the right margin of the heart and within the right atrioventricular sulcus, emptying into the end of the coronary sinus
Definition
small cardiac vein
Term
large venous channal partially embedded in the myocardium that is formed by the union of the great cardiac vein, and which empties into the right atrium
Definition
coronary sinus
Term
contains "U" shaped rings of cartilage
Definition
trachea
Term
superiorly continuous with the larynx
Definition
trachea
Term
bifurcates into right primary bronchus and left primary bronchus at ther sternal angle T4 in a cadaver. In living, standing individuals bifurcation is at sternal angle T5 or T6.
Definition
trachea
Term
on the inside surface of the trachea, a ridge of tissue extends upward at the point of bifurcation
Definition
carina
Term
which bronchus is wider, shorter and more vertical that the other
Definition
right bronchus. This means that most foreign objects end up in the right bronchial tree
Term
how many branches does the right bronchus divide into
Definition
3 major branches
upper middle and lower
Term
how many branches does the left bronchus divide into
Definition
2 major branches upper and lower
Term
how high does the apical end (cupula) extend
Definition
above rib 1
Term
where does the base of the lung sit
Definition
diaphragm
Term
what is the root where structures enter and leave the lung
Definition
hilum
Term
what divides the lobes of the lungs
Definition
fissures
Term
name the fissure(s) of the right lung
Definition
horizontal and oblique
Term
name the fissure(s) of the left lung
Definition
oblique
Term
name the lobes of the right lung
Definition
superior
middle
inferior
Term
name the lobes of the left lung
Definition
superior and inferior
Term
what covers lungs, invaginates fissures, and contains nerve fibers but no pain receptors
Definition
visceral pleura
Term
what lines the thoracic cavity and diaphragm and contains nociceptors, same as trachea
Definition
parietal pleura
Term
what extends above the 1st rib, just posterior to the clavicle
Definition
apex and both pleura
Term
deep to the 4th right rib from midaxillary line to costal cartilage
Definition
horizontal fissure
Term
follow the 6th ribs
Definition
oblique fissure
Term
follows lungs
Definition
visceral pleura
Term
where is the base of the lung
anteriorly
midaxillary and
posteriorly
Definition
anteriorly= rib 6
midaxillary= rib 8
posteriorly=rib 10
Term
extends 2 rib levels below the outline of the base of the lung following the diaphragm
Definition
parietal pleura
anterior=rib 8
midaxillary=rib 10
posterior=rib 12
Term
what happens via the pulmonary plexus that carries both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers
Definition
innervation of the lungs
Term
continuous with the cardiac plexus
Definition
pulmonary plexus
Term
the vagus nerve makes additional contribution
Definition
on pulmonary plexus
Term
dilation of bronchioles, decreased secretion, vasoconstriction
Definition
sympathetic division
Term
constriction of bronchioles, increased secretion, vasodilation
Definition
parasympathetic division
Term
what carries the afferents
Definition
the vagus nerve
Term
what goes from the right ventricle of the heart, branching follows the bronchial tree to end in capillaries at the alveoli to (drop off CO2 and pick up O2)
Definition
pulmonary arteries
Term
what returns to the heart and tend to follow the connective tissue septa in the lungs and rejoin the bronchial tree closer to the hilum of the lung
Definition
pulmonary veins
Term
supple the tissue of the bronchial tree
Definition
bronchial arteries
Term
the two branches of the left bronchial arteries arise directly from
Definition
the thoracic aorta
Term
the one branch on the right of the bronchial arteries is usually from
Definition
the 1st aortic intercostal artery
Term
in what does the blood from the bronchial veins drain to pulmonary veins, closer to the hilum, bronchial veins empty into the superior vena cava via intermediate veins
Definition
peripheral bronchial tree
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