Term
|
Definition
| refers only to skeletal muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the muscular system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| voluntary striated muscle that is usually attached to one or more bones |
|
|
Term
| muscle fibers or myofibers |
|
Definition
| skeletal muscle cells composed of protein microfilaments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| alternating light and dark bands on a myofibers composed of overlapping protein microfilaments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| skeletal muscle because it is usually subject to conscious control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscle around the heart, also striated, but involuntary and composed of non fibrous cells called myocytes or cardiocytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cells of cardiac muscle also called cardiocytes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| no striations and usually involuntary |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| movement, stability, communication, control of body openings and passages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excitability (reponsiveness), conductivity, contractility, extensibility, elasticity |
|
|
Term
| connective tissues of the muscles |
|
Definition
| endomysium, perimysium, epimysium, deep fascia, superficial fascia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
endo=within+ mys=muscle
a thin sleeve of areolar connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
peri=around
a thicker connective tissue sheath that wraps muscle fibers together in bundles called fascicles (parallel strands) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
epi=upon, above
a fibrous sheath that surrounds the entire muscle and extends beyond to form tendon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sheets of connective tissue that separate neighboring muscles from each other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
=hypodermis
a layer of connective tissue that separates the muscles from the overlying skin |
|
|
Term
| series-elastic components of muscle |
|
Definition
| the connective tissue elements from endomysium to tendon, linking muscle fibers to bones - endomysium- perimysium- epimysium- tendon- periosteum- bone matrix |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fusiform, parallel, convergent, pennate, circular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
thick in the middle and tapered at each end
ex: biceps brachii of the arm and gatrocnemius of the calf |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
long, straplike muscles of a uniform width and parallel fascicles
ex: abdominis of the abdomen, sartorius of the thigh, and zygomaticus major of the face |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fan-shaped-broad at the origin and convergin toward a narrower insertion
ex: pectoralis major in the chest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fether-shaped- their fascicles insert obliqhely of a endon that run the lenglth of the muscle, 3 types: unipennate, bipennate, and multipennate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all the fascicles approach the tendon from one side ex: palmar interosseous muscles of the hand and semimembranosus of the thigh |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fascicles approach the tendom from both sides ex: rectus femoris of the thigh |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shaped like a bunch of feathers with their quills converging on a single point ex: deltoid of the shoulder |
|
|
Term
| circular muscles (sphincters) |
|
Definition
| form rings around body openings these include: the orbicularis oris of the lips and orbicularis oculi of the eyelids |
|
|
Term
| direct (fleshy) attachment of muscle |
|
Definition
| collagen fibers of the epimysium are continuous with the periosteum- appears that muscle emerges directly from bone |
|
|
Term
| indirect attachment of muscle |
|
Definition
| a tendon emerges fromt he connective tissue of the muscle and meges into the periosteum of the bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
apo=upon,above+ neuro=nerve
a broad flat tendon that attaches a muscle to a bone or to other soft tissues in such locations as the abdominal wall and deep to the scalp |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
myo=muscle+ blast=precursor
during embryonic development, several unspecialized cells called myoblasts fuse to produce each muscle fiber, so myocytes are multinucleated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unspecialized myoblasts located between the muscle fiber and endomysium, can multiply and produce new muscle fibers to some degree |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sarco=flesh,muscle+ lemma=husk
plasma membrane of muscle fibers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tunnel-like infoldings in the sarcolemma that penetrate through the fiber and emege of the other side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cytoplasm of a muscle fiber |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| long protein bundles that make up most of the interior of muscle fibers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| located in muscle fiber, binds oxygen until it is needed for muscular activity |
|
|
Term
| sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) |
|
Definition
| the smooth ER of muscle cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
thick filaments- made of myosin
thin filaments- made of actin
elastic filaments- made of titin (connectin) |
|
|
