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Human Anatomy by Saladin 1stEd
Finals studying- Chap 25
7
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
12/17/2006

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Term
Major parts of urinary system
Definition
kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra
Term
Anatomy of kidney
Definition
renal fascia, adipose capsule, renal capsule, r sinus, r cortex, r medulla, r columns, r pyramids, r papilla, minor calyx, major calyx, r pelvis, ureter, r artery, r vein, cortex, medulla
Term
Anatomy of a nephron
Definition
r corpuscle, glomerulus, Bowman's (glomerular) capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop (loop of Henle), distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct, juxtamedullary nephron, cortical nephron, vasa recta, peritubular capillaries
Term
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Definition
Monitors flow and composition of urine and adjusts the performance of the nephron.
Macula densa: pathch of epithelium in the DCT on the side facing afferent arteriole, sensor cells that monitor the flow or composition of tubular fluid
Juxtaglomerular(JG) Cells: enlarged smooth muscle cellsfound in the afferent arteriole, constrict and narrow arterioles to reduce blood flow
Mesangial Cells: occupy the cleft btw the afferent and efferent arterioles may help communication
Term
Male vs. Female Urethra
Definition
Female- 3 to 4 cm long, external urethral orifice
Male- 18 cm long, prastatic urethra, membranous urethra, spongy (penile) urethra
Term
What is trigone? Bladder muscle? Lining of bladder?
Definition
Trigone: the triangle section made by ureters and urethral opening
Muscles: detrusor muscle is 3 layers of smooth muscle
Mucosa: transitional epithelium
Term
Internal and external urethral sphincters
Definition
Internal sphincter is smooth muscle, external sphincter is skeletal muscle
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