Term
| prop involves 4 basic areas |
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Definition
selecting and developing
multiplying
growing under controled conditions
transforming into product |
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Term
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Definition
| a controlled reproduction of plants beneficial to man and his environment |
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Term
| before prop; man collected and found varieties by? |
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Definition
finding in wild
hybrids found by chromosome change |
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Term
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Definition
to evolve
to increase on varieties |
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Term
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Definition
ag production-seeds
hort-nursery prod, seed companies(commercial and domestic), floriculture(cut flowers &shops), fruit trees, forestry-reforestation |
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Term
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Definition
| genetic make up of the plant |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 5 fundamental concepts(biology) |
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Definition
asexual-without sex(cuttings, cloning)
sexual-with sex(seed, pollen)
hormonal control
plant life cycles
plant naming |
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Term
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Definition
advantages-retains characteristics of parent
fairly easy to care for
good size plant to start with
disadvantages-more skill/labor involved
sometimes low % of success
some plants can only be done at specific times of the year |
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Term
| why is asexual prop possible |
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Definition
mitosis-duplication of the cell, with the same genetic make up
occurs on the growing points
(shoot apex, root tips, cambium-important in rooting(makes plant grow wide
wounding causes callus formation
new cells form from cut surfaces |
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Term
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Definition
advantages-not usually costly, less labor(automated), sometimes more vigorous
only method
disadvantages-not usually true to type
requires constant care
some take long time to germinate
newer hybrids cost more |
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Term
| why sexual reproducion possible |
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Definition
meiosis-number of chromosomes are reduced by half
new offspring contains genetics of both parents
offspring may resemble the parents |
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Term
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Definition
sexual-seeds
asexual-layering, seperation, division, cutting, grafting, budding |
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Term
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Definition
international plant prop society
CA assoc of nurseryman |
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Term
| what is neccesary to be successful |
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Definition
knowledge of manipulations and techniques
knowledge of plant growth(ife cycle)
knowledge of plant materials |
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Term
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Definition
| preserve a particular genotype |
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Term
| factors that govern the nursery industry |
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Definition
pest
shipping
patents
climates
chemicals |
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Term
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Definition
dependant on types of plants grown
fruit trees
houseplants
nursery stock |
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Term
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Definition
grow what people want
plan ahead
have good timing |
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Term
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Definition
soil, fertilizer, water
disease and insects |
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Term
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Definition
light-some need light
temperature-some seeds and cuttings
cold-some need cold, some warmth
humidity-prevents leaf wilt in cuttings |
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Term
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Definition
greenhouses-many styles
can be costly to build/keep |
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Term
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Definition
ventilation-for temps, humidity and disease control
heat-heaters, root zones systems, solar and infrared
light-to produce roots
humidity-important in cuttings
water-mist for cuttings |
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Term
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Definition
root production
control
light
heat
water
little cost to build
bottom heat-70deg |
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Term
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Definition
control
light
temps
water
very inexpensive
no bottom heat |
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Term
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Definition
resuce light
made of lath or shade cloth
for hardening off or shade loving plants |
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Term
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Definition
so doesnt dry out
lowers leaf temps
lowers air temp
raises humidity
above factors lower transpiration
allows increased light-creates new roots
temp-bottom heat |
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Term
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Definition
can cause rot
bottom heat still needed
hardening off more difficult
soil vs water timing
frequent-draining soils
infrequent-moisture holding soil |
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Term
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Definition
intermittent-time clock off/on
cuts back on manual watering
continuous-always running, waste water
electronic leaf-waters when leaf drys out |
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Term
| main functions of rooting media |
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Definition
holds cutting
supports seed
provide moisture-retain moisture
permits air movement
too much air-dry out
too much moisture-rot |
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Term
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Definition
1-baby, get established
2-liner, different media
3-different media, large container |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
mix should fit growing area
high dollar mix means high dollar crop |
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Term
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Definition
support plant
highly decomposed to reduce shrinkage and nitrogen use
easy to wet
porousfor water andair movement
free of weeds and pathogens
reusing material can be a problem
capable of pasteurization
not high in salts
consistent
readily available |
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Term
| soil ingredients based on |
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Definition
cost
availability
weight
plants being grown |
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Term
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Definition
peat moss
perlite-heated rock
sand
vermiculite-heated mica
pumice |
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Term
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Definition
need proper level of fert to grow
minimize loss of fert
types-liquid, slow release
issues-salinity in the soil, water quality, water runoff |
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Term
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Definition
keep clean stock
stop disease from spreading
keep plants alive
provide a clean working area |
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Term
| methods of disease spreading |
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Definition
propagate disease stock
spread by tools
carried by soil
plants placed on infested benches or ground
watering-splash |
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Term
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Definition
| fungi-pythium, phytohptora, rhizoctonia |
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Term
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Definition
dampening off-seedling stage
stem rot-overwatering
root rot-overwatering
grey mold-too close together |
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Term
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Definition
avoid heavy soils
avoid overwatering
clean soils, benches, tools before use
chemicals(10% bleach) |
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Term
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Definition
| 180deg to kill weeds and bad pathogens |
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Term
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Definition
patent-only one authorized, royalties are paid, ppaf#, good for 17yrs
trademark-can renew continuously(ford, target..brands) |
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