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Hormones, adrenals, testes, menstrual
hormonal control of calcium, adrenals, testes, ovaries, menstrual cycle, spermatogenesis
48
Anatomy
Professional
08/26/2012

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Cards

Term
What controls the sodium gates and keeps them closed
Definition
Calcium
Term
What happens if there's low calcium
Definition
The Nerve will depolarize equaling tetany (gates open)
Term
What type of calcium channels does the heart have
Definition
slow calcium channels
Term
How does the heart event tetany
Definition
creates plateaus= long absolute refractory period
Term
What keeps the balance of calcium for nerve firing
Definition
parathyroid hormone and calcitonin
Term
What produces parathyroid hormone
Definition
Parathyroid gland four posterior to thyroid
Term
What is the effect of parathyroid hormone
Definition
It takes calcium out of the bone and put that in the blood decrease phosphorus in the blood
Term
What happens if there's an excess of parathyroid hormone
Definition
Hyperparathyroidism, kidney stones, osteopenia, Brown's tumor, rugger jersey's spine, salt and peppers skull
Term
Where is calcitonin produced?
Definition
parafollicular cells of the thyroid
Term
What is the purpose of calcitonin
Definition
Pulls calcium out of blood and puts it into bone, increased phosphorus in blood
Term
What happens if there is an excess of calcitonin
Definition
tetany (chvosteks sign)
Term
What is the derivative of the adrenal cortex
Definition
Mesoderm
Term
what is produced by the zona glomerulosa
Definition
aldosterone, mineral corticoid, "salt"
Term
what is produced by the zona fasiciculata
Definition
cortisol, glucocorticoid, "sugar"
Term
what is produced by the zona reticularis
Definition
sex hormones, androgens, "sex"
Term
What happens if there is an excess of aldosterone
Definition
conns syndrome, hypertension, retain water
Term
Repetend of the adrenal Medulla
Definition
Neural crest cell
Term
What nervous system controls the adrenal Medulla
Definition
Postganglionic sympathetic
Term
What secretes norepinephrine and epinephrine to break glycogen into glucose to raise blood sugar in a stressful state?
Definition
chromaffin cells
Term
what is the pathology associated with the adrenal medulla
Definition
pheochromocytoma, "grey cell tumor", episodic hypertension
Term
What controls secondary sex characteristics, the proliferative phase, and build endometrial lining
Definition
Estrogen
Term
What controls the secretory phase and nourish embryo
Definition
Progesterone
Term
In the menstrual cycle what are the two major things that FSH does
Definition
Picks primary follicle (haploid cell), releases estrogen
Term
What control secondary sex characteristics and is made by interstitial cells of leydig
Definition
testosterone
Term
What are two major things that estrogen does in the menstrual cycle
Definition
Thickens endometrial lining and peaks on the 14th day to release LH
Term
What is in control of the proliferated phase thickens the blood and increases core temperature during the menstrual cycle
Definition
LH
Term
Where does LH come from
Definition
Anterior pituitary
Term
What are two major things that LH does
Definition
Ovulation primary follicle leaves ovary, forms corpus leuteum
Term
What are two major things the corpus leuteum does
Definition
Makes progesterone in the secretory phase; makes inhibin which stops FSH no more follicles
Term
What are the two fates of the corpus Leuteum
Definition
dies (corpus albicans) with no fertilization
or
makes progesterone in the presence of HCG
Term
Human chorionicgonadotropin is made by ___
Definition
the placenta after fertilization
Term
What does HCG stimulate the corpus leuteum to make?
Definition
progesterone
Term
What are the two layers of oocytes
Definition
thick layer (zona ellucidum, glycoprotein) aka corona granular

outside layer= corona radiata
Term
what makes Haploid cells from meiosis
Definition
Spermatogenesis
Term
What starts spermatogenesis
Definition
FSH
Term
What releases testosterone from interstitial cells of Lydig
Definition
LH
Term
What matures sperm
Definition
Testosterone
Term
Where is sperm made
Definition
somniferous tubules
Term
Where is sperm matured
Definition
epididymis
Term
Where is sperm stored
Definition
vas deferens
Term
What shuts off spermatogenesis
Definition
Inhibin
Term
What shuts off oogenesis in females
Definition
inhibin and fsh
Term
What cells make inhibin?
Definition
sertoli cells=supporting cells
Term
What muscle raises be testes
Definition
Cremaster
Term
What wrinkles the scrotum?
Definition
dartos fascia
Term
What describes a failure of the testes to descend?
Definition
cryptorchism
Term
Cryptorchism may be a precursor for
Definition
precancerous cells
Term
What is described as an adrenal tumor?
Definition
pheochromocytoma
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