Term
| links nervous and endocrine systems |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
pituitary
adrenal
thyroid
ovaries/ testes
pancreas
kidneys |
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Term
| hypothalamus is influenced by what triggers? |
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Definition
odors
sounds
sights
stress
temperature
photoperiod
hormonal feedback |
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Term
| indirect acting hormones. they target organ to secrete hormone |
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Definition
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Term
| tropic hormones secreted from the_______ |
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Definition
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Term
| direct acting hormones secreted from ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| examples of tropic hormones |
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Definition
| thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin (LTH), and growth hormone (GH or somatotropin). |
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Term
| example of direct acting hormones |
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Definition
oxytocin
vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) |
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Term
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Definition
obtain desired effect
correct deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| low hormones trigger hypothalamus to trigger more |
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Definition
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Term
| high hormones trigger hypothalamus to stop secretions |
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Definition
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Term
| 4 stages of reproductive cycle |
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Definition
proestrus
estrus
diestrus
anestrus |
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Term
| cause release of or activity like LH and FSH |
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Definition
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Term
| mimics LH in makes and females. treats cystic ovaries in dairy cattle and low testosterone in make animals |
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Definition
| chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) |
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Term
| cases growth/ maturation if follicle. induces super ovulation. for out of season breeding. |
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Definition
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Term
| treats endocrinopathy in ferrets, egg laying in birds |
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Definition
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Term
| secreted from pineal gland. treats alopecia, sleep disorders. improve early breeding/ ovulation in goats and sheep. |
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Definition
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Term
| name for anterior lobe of pituitary gland |
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Definition
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Term
| name for posterior lobe of pituitary gland |
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Definition
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Term
| reflex applies to the release of oxytocin by the posterior pituitary |
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Definition
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Term
| effects of neurohormonal reflex |
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Definition
| 1) stimulation of the udder by a nursing calf or by preparation of the udder for milking, (2) stimulation of the uterus and vagina in parturition, or (3) stimulation of the cerebral cortex by sensory stimuli associated with nursing or milking. |
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Term
| arises from the embryologic pharynx |
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Definition
| anterior lobe of pituitary gland |
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Term
| which arises from the brain. |
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Definition
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Term
| used to treat cystic (follicular) ovaries in dairy cattle. It has also been used in cats and horses (with limited success) to induce estrus. |
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Definition
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Term
| mimics the effects of LH, although it has limited FSH activity. In males, it stimulates the production of male hormones by the testicles and may facilitate descent of the testicles. is used to treat cystic ovaries (nymphomania) in dairy cattle. In males, it has been used to treat cryptorchidism and infertility caused by low testosterone levels. |
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Definition
| hCG (Chorionic gonadotropin ) |
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Term
| induce superovulation and for out-of-season breeding. |
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Definition
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Term
| causes growth and maturation of the ovarian follicle. |
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Definition
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Term
| secreted by the uterus and obtained from the urine of pregnant women. It mimics the effects of LH, although it has limited FSH activity |
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Definition
| hCG (Chorionic gonadotropin |
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Term
| produced endogenously by the hypothalamus. causes the release of FSH and LH by the anterior pituitary. |
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Definition
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Term
| group of hormones synthesized by the ovaries and—to a lesser extent—by the testicles, adrenal cortex, and placenta |
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Definition
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Term
| used to treat persistent corpus luteum, to expel purulent material from the uterus, to expel retained placentas and mummified fetuses, and to promote weight gain. In dogs, may be used to control urinary incontinence. In horses, they may be used for induction of estrus in the nonbreeding season. |
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Definition
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Term
| male sex hormones produced in the testicles, the ovaries, and the adrenal cortex. |
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Definition
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Term
used to treat urinary incontinence in male dogs
treat anorexia, weight loss, overwork, as nemia, and debilitation.
and to increase libido and fertility in domestic animals (with generally poor results). |
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Definition
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Term
| androgen used for prevention of estrus in dogs. |
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Definition
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Term
| produced by the corpus luteum. |
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Definition
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Term
| used clinically to suppress estrus and to treat false pregnancy, behavioral disorders, and progestin-responsive dermatitis. |
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Definition
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Term
| dogs to control estrus, treat false pregnancy, prevent vaginal hyperplasia, treat severe galactorrhea, and control unacceptable male behavior. has been used in cats for various dermatologic and behavioral problems and for suppression of estrus. |
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Definition
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Term
used for (1) treatment of behavioral problems, such as aggression, roaming, spraying, or mounting in males, and (2) treatment of certain dermatologic conditions.
human label |
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Definition
| Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA |
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Term
oral progestin labeled for use in horses and swine. This drug is used to suppress estrus in mares and sexually mature gilts.
used to suppress estrus for synchronization, to suppress estrus for long periods, or to maintain pregnancy in mares with low levels of progesterone. |
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Definition
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Term
| synthetic progestin that is used in combination with an estrogen (estradiol valerate) for synchronization of estrus in beef cows and nonlactating dairy cows. A treatment consists of one implant and an injection at the time of implantation. Norgestomet is used for synchronization of estrus in cattle. |
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Definition
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Term
| progestin used in implants that promotes weight gain |
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Definition
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Term
| used to augment the force of uterine contractions during delivery, aid in delivery of the placenta, facilitate involution of the uterus (for reduction of bleeding or replacement of a prolapse), induce milk letdown, and assist in the treatment of agalactia in sows. |
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Definition
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Term
| produces uterine contractions similarly to oxytocin; however, it results in very little vasoconstrictive action. This product is not commonly used. |
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Definition
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Term
| treat cysts, mummified fetuses, sync estrus, induce abortion, pyometra |
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Definition
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Term
| can cause induction of parturition in the last trimester of pregnancy. Induction of parturition or abortion is not a labeled use |
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Definition
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Term
| odors released by animals that influence the behavior of other animals of the same species |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Feliway, Comfort Zone-Feline are analogues of the feline facial pheromone
boar odor aerosol pheromone that causes the typical boar odor and is used for heat detection in sows and gilts.
dog-appeasing hormone (D.A.P. and Comfort Zone-Canine) mimics the appeasement pheromones, which female dogs secrete to comfort and reassure their nursing puppies |
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Term
| made up of two lobes (one on each side of the trachea) and is located near the cartilage of the larynx. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| T3 and T4. T3 is considered to be the active form at the cellular level. Although both T3 and T4 are released from the thyroid gland, some of the T4 is converted to T3 after release. T4, also called thyroxine |
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Term
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Definition
Levothyroxine
Liothyronine sodium (T3
Thyrotropin alpha |
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Term
| synthetic levo isomer of T4. It is the compound of choice for the treatment of hypothyroidism in all species. |
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Definition
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Term
used for the treatment of hypothyroidism in cases that respond poorly to T4.
synthetic salt of endogenous T3. |
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Definition
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Term
| recombinant TSH. It is used as an aid in the diagnosis of hypothyroidism.used for diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism in the TSH stimulation test. |
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Definition
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Term
| compound that interferes with incorporation of iodine into the precursor molecules of T3 and T4. It does not alter thyroid hormones already released into the bloodstream.used for the treatment of feline hyperthyroidism. |
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Definition
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Term
| Most of this drug is converted to methimazole after administration to the cat. It inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormones. is used for the treatment of feline hyperthyroidism. |
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Definition
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Term
| orally administered, radiopaque, organic iodine compound that is thought to inhibit the conversion of T4 to T3. may be helpful in the treatment of hyperthyroidism in cats that cannot tolerate methimazole or carbimazole. |
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Definition
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Term
| an antithyroid drug but is considered dangerous for use in cats because of potential hematologic complications |
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Definition
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Term
| may be given intravenously to destroy overproductive thyroid tissue. concentrates in the thyroid, where it remains and destroys thyroid tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| may be used preoperatively to treat the tachycardia associated with hyperthyroidism in cats. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
pituitary dependent
adrenal dependent |
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Term
| benign tumor of the pituitary gland. This tumor causes the pituitary to produce large amounts of ACTH, which stimulates the adrenal to make large amounts of cortisol. |
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Definition
| pituitary dependent hyperadrenocorticism |
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Term
| less common form of the spontaneous disease. It occurs due to a tumor of one or both of the adrenal glands and results in the production of a large amount of cortisol independent of ACTH. |
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Definition
| adrenal dependent hyperadrenocorticism |
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Term
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Definition
ketoconazole
Metyrapone
Mitotane
Selegiline
trilostane |
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Term
| antifungal agent that can be used in the treatment of hyperadrenocorticism |
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Definition
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Term
| agent used to treat cats with hyperadrenocorticism, especially for stabilization of patients before adrenalectomy. |
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Definition
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Term
| used for the treatment of PDH. This agent is an adrenal cytotoxic agent that inhibits or destroys the cortisol-producing layers of the adrenal gland. |
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Definition
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Term
| monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitor that is used for cognitive dysfunction and PDH in dogs. Its use for Cushing's syndrome is controversial because of disappointing clinical studies |
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Definition
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Term
| adrenal steroid synthesis inhibitor that may be used to treat PDH or hyperadrenocorticism due to adrenal tumors in dogs |
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Definition
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Term
| causes decrease in blood glucose level |
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Definition
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Term
| made in beta cells of pancreas |
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Definition
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Term
| causes increase in blood glucose |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| facilitates cellular uptake of glucose and its storage in the form of glycogen and fat. It inhibits the breakdown of fat, protein, and glycogen into forms that may be used as energy sources. Further, it promotes synthesis of protein, fatty acids, and glycogen. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Short-Acting Insulin - Regular insulin/lispro/aspart
Intermediate-Acting Insulin - NPH/PZI/Lente.
Long-Acting Insulin |
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Term
| fast-acting insulin that is made from zinc insulin crystals; it is a clear solution that may be administered intravenously, intramuscularly, or subcutaneously. It is used mainly to treat diabetic ketoacidosis until blood glucose levels are reduced and the animal is metabolically stable |
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Definition
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Term
| insulin is a cloudy suspension of zinc insulin crystals and protamine zinc. Protamine (a fish protein) and zinc prolong the absorption and activity of the product. They are commonly used for the control of uncomplicated diabetes in dogs and cats. |
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Definition
| intermediate acting insulin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The mechanisms by which estradiol promotes weight gain |
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Definition
| 1) increased water retention, (2) increased protein synthesis, (3) increased fat deposition, and (4) possible increased release of growth hormone (bovine somatotropin). |
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Term
| how testosterone promotes growth |
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Definition
| anabolic agent in itself and because a second component in the compound slows down the release of estradiol and prolongs its effective life span. |
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Term
| how progesterone use promotes growth |
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Definition
| slow the release of estradiol. It apparently has little anabolic effect of its own. |
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Term
| synthetic anabolic agent that improves feed efficiency and promotes weight gain in steers. It is used as the sole agent in some growth-promoting preparations. |
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Definition
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Term
| how zeranol promotes growth |
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Definition
| analogue of a naturally occurring plant estrogen that increases feed efficiency, protein synthesis, and growth rate. |
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Term
| uses for anabolic steroids |
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Definition
use in dogs, cats, and horses for anorexia, weight loss, and debilitation.
In working animals, they may be used in cases of overwork or overtraining.
promote red blood cell formation and are used to treat some forms of anemia. |
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Term
| The constructive phase of metabolism in which body cells repair and replace tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| chemical compound having a structure similar to another but differing from it in some way. |
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Definition
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Term
| Hyperadrenocorticism; a disease or syndrome characterized by an overabundance of corticosteroid hormones. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The mucous membrane lining of the uterus. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The rate at which animals convert feed into tissue. It is expressed as the number of pounds or kilograms of feed needed to produce 1 lb or 1 kg of animal. |
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Definition
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Term
| The return of some of the output product of a process as input in a way that controls the process. |
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Definition
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Term
| A hormone that stimulates the ovaries or testes. |
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Definition
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Term
| This is the portal system of the pituitary gland in which venules from the hypothalamus connect with capillaries of the anterior pituitary. |
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Definition
| hypophyseal portal system |
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Term
| Caused by the physician (veterinarian). |
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Definition
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Term
| The return of a reproductive organ to normal size after delivery. |
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Definition
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Term
| Left-sided arrangement of a molecule that may exist in a left- or a right-sided configuration. Levo and dextro isomers have the same molecular formula. |
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Definition
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Term
| muscle fibril composed of numerous myofilaments. |
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Definition
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Term
| The condition of the body as it relates to protein intake and use. Positive nitrogen balance implies a net gain in body protein. |
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Definition
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Term
| Hypothyroidism resulting from a pathologic condition in the thyroid. |
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Definition
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Term
| hormone produced by the hypothalamus and transported to the anterior pituitary to stimulate the release of trophic hormones. |
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Definition
| releasing factor (releasing hormone) |
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Term
| A hormone that results in production of a second hormone in a target gland. |
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Definition
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Term
| promote tissue anabolism, rbc formation, weight gain |
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Definition
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Term
| must be primed with estrogen as progesterone |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
weight loss
hyperexcitability
tachycardia
increased appetite |
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Term
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Definition
weight gain
lethargy
dry skin
poor hair coat
bradycardia |
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Term
| things to educate clients on regarding insulin |
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Definition
feed 30 minutes before
roll insulin
inject sq (flank, side of chest or abdomen)
rotate injection sites
recognize hypoglycemia signs
don't give in thigh, belly or neck |
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Term
| hypoglycemic drugs that lower blood sugar |
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Definition
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Term
| increased milk production, lowers growth rate |
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Definition
| bovine somatotropin (bst) |
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