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Honors American History
We the People - Lessons 12-16, 17
27
History
8th Grade
01/07/2009

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Cards

Term
Anti-Federalists
Definition
the people who opposed ratifying the Constitution
Term
Bill of Attainder
Definition

laws declaring people guilty of crimes with out trial

Term
Electoral College
Definition

a procedure - The group of presidential electors who cast the official votes for president and vice president after a presidential election.  Each state has a number of electors equal to its memers in the senate and House of Representatives.

Term
Equal Representation
Definition
Idea - each state should have the same number of representatives in Congress.  The number of representatives in the Senate is based on equal representation.
Term
Federalists
Definition

people who supported ratifying the constitution

Term
General Welfare Clause
Definition
The Constitution authorizes Congress to provide for the common defense of the country and for the common good(general welfare).
Term
Necessary and Proper Clause
Definition
Gives Congress the power to make all laws that are "necessary and proper" to carry out the powers specifically delegated to it by the Constitution.  Also called the 'Elastic Clause'
Term
Impeach
Definition
Accuse and Try a government official.
Term
Ratify
Definition
Confirm and Approve
Term

Three-Fifths Clause

Definition

The clause provides that each slae should becounted as three-fifths of a person in determining the number of representatives a state might send to the House of Representatives.  It also determines the amount of direct taxes Congress may levy on a state.

~later eliminated by the 14th Amendment[to the Constitution]

Term
Tariff
Definition
Tax on imported or exported goods or a list or system that describes such taxes.
Term
Treason
Definition

Betreyal of one's country, especially by giving aid to an nemy in wartime or by plotting to overthrow the government.

~Treason is carefully defined in the Constitution to ensure that government can not abuse its powers against dissenters.

Term
Ex Post Facto Laws
Definition
Laws made after the fact that make a prior legal act illegal.
Term
Fugitive Slave Clause
Definition

Slaves who escaped must be returned to their owners.

~later abolished by the 13th Amendment[of the Constitution]

Term
Great Compromise / Connecticut Compromise
Definition
A plan accepted at the Philadelphia Convention that called for Congress to have two houses.  In the Senate representation of the states would be equal, with each state having two senators.  The House of Representatives would use proportional representation of the states, and therefore the number of representatives from each state would be determined by its population.
Term
Jurisdiction
Definition
The power/authority to hear cases and make decisions.
Term
New Jersey Plan
Definition
The plan presented at the Philadelphia Convention that called for a one-house national legislature with each state having equal representation.  Proposing 3 branches of government.  The New Jersey Plan followed the framework of the Articles of Confederation and favored a weak national government.
Term
Virginia Plan
Definition
The plan presented at the Philadelphia Convention that provided for a national government composed of three brenches.  It proposed a Congress of two houses, both of which would be based on proportional representation.  The Virginia Plan favored a strong national government superior to state.
Term
Writ of Habeus Corpus
Definition
They must explain why you're arrested and charge you.
Term

Proportional Representation

Definition
The electoral system in which the number of representatives for a state is based on the number of people who live in that sate.  Proportional representation is used to determine the number of each state's representatives serving in the House.
Term
Framers
Definition
The delegates that framed, or shaped, and wrote the Constitution.
Term
Philadelphia Convention
Definition
An important meeting called by Congress in 1787.
Term
Unconstitutional
Definition
The law or action is not permitted by the constitution.
Term
Appointments
Definition
The president has the power to nominate people for important jobs in government with the advice and consent of the senate.
Term
Advice and Consent
Definition
The term used for the senate approving an appointment by the president.
Term
Appellate Jurisdiction
Definition
A case tried in a lower court first.
Term

Original Jurisdiction

Definition
A case is tried in the U.S. Supreme court.  (A lower court does not try the case first.)
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