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Hole's Anatomy Chapter 7
Skeletal System - Bonci
61
Anatomy
Professional
01/02/2010

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Term
Bone Classification
Definition
Long, short, flat, irregular and sometimes sesamoid; small or nodular embedded in tendons (kneecap)
Term
epiphysis bone
Definition
expanded portion at the end of a bone...where joint forms. Contains spongy bone. covered w/ articular cartilage.
Term
proximal means
Definition
close in to the torso
Term
distal means
Definition
away from torso
Term
diaphysis bone
Definition
Shaft of bone between epiphysis. Has periosteum covering, compact bone, modullary cavity,endosteum, marrow inside.
Term
endosteum membrane contains
Definition
bone forming cells that lines the inside of diaphysis
Term
Osteon
Definition
in compact bone. osteocytes and layers of extracellular matrix concentrically cluster around canal form osteon
Term
Osteocytes
Definition
bone cells. located in lacunae. Osteocytes transport nutrients; waste thru canaliculi
Term
Bone tissue is made up of...
Definition
collegen and inorganic salts
Term
spongy bone
Definition
comprised of osteocytes & extracellular matrix, but not central canal..instead cells lie in trabeculae & get nutrients from diffusion of canaliculi.
Term
Intramembranous bone
Definition
flat bones of the skull. Osteoblasts deposit bony matrix. spongy bone forms. later may become compact.
Term
Endochondral bones
Definition
most skeletal bones. made from hyaline cartilage. periosteum forms from connective tissue.
Term
Skull
Definition
cranium and facial bones
Term
Hyoid bones
Definition
In the neck, between lower jaw and larynx. Does not articulate. Supports tongue and is an attachment for muscles that help tongue move.
Term
Vertebral column
Definition
consists of many vertabrae separated by cartilaginous intervertebral discs. Column forms central axis of the skeleton.
Term
Sacrum
Definition
Near vertebral column distal end 5 vertebrae fuse to form ______.
Term
Coccyx
Definition
Small tailbone formed by the fusion of 4 vertebae is attached to the end of the sacrum.
Term
Thoracic cage
Definition
Protects organs in the thoracic cavity and upper abdominal cavity. Includes ribs and sternum.
Term
Ribs
Definition
articulate posteriorly with thoracic vertebae.
Term
Sternum
Definition
to which most ribs are attached anteriorly.
Term
Axial Skeleton
Definition
consists of bony & cartilaginous parts that support & protect organs of head, neck, and trunk.
Term
Appendicular skeleton
Definition
consists of bones of the upper and lower limbs and the bones that anchor the limbs to the axial skeleton.
Term
Pectoral girdle
Definition
formed by the scapula (shoulder blade) and clavical (collarbone), it connects the bones of the upper limbs to the axial skeleton; aids upper limb movement.
Term
Upper limbs
Definition
consists of hummerus (arm bone), ulna & radius (forearm bones); hands. They articulate with each other @ elbow.
Term
Carpals
Definition
wrist bone...8 bones.
Term
Metalcarpals
Definition
5 bones in the hand.
Term
phalanges
Definition
14 finger bones
Term
Pelvic girdle
Definition
2 hip bones attached to each other anteriorly and attached to the sacrum posteriorly
Term
Pelvis
Definition
hips connect the bones of the lower limbs to the axial skeleton and w/ the saccrum and coccyx, forms the _____ which protects lower abdominal and internal reproductive organs.
Term
Lower limbs
Definition
femur (thigh bone); tibia (shin bone); fibula (slender adjacent to fibula); foot.
Term
Lower limbs - patella
Definition
femur and tibia articulate at the patella (knee joint)
Term
Lower limbs - Foot
Definition
at the distal end of the fibula and tibia.
Term
Tarsals
Definition
7 bones. Ankle bones.
Term
Metatarsals
Definition
5 bones of the instep on the foot
Term
phalanges
Definition
14 bones of the toes.
Term
Scapulae
Definition
shoulder blades.
Term
Humerus
Definition
Long bone that extends from the scapula to the elbow.
Term
Radius
Definition
located on the thumb side of the forearm. Shorter than Ulna.
Term
Ulna
Definition
Longer than the radius bone & overlaps the end of the humerous posteriorly.
Term
Hand
Definition
wrist,palm,fingers.
Term
Carpal bones
Definition
in wrist. consists of 8 small bones. bound in 2 rows of 4 bones each.
Term
metacarpal bone
Definition
five bones, on in line with each finger form the framework of the palm (metacarpus).distal ends that form knuckles.
Term
Metacarpal articulation
Definition
articulate proximally with the carpals and distally with the phalanges.
Term
Pelvic girdle (two hip bones) articulation
Definition
articulate with each other anteriorly ( with the sacrum posteriorly.
Term
Pelvis is formed by...
Definition
the sacrum, coccyx and pelvic girdle.
Term
Pelvic girdle supports, protects & provides attachments. explain...
Definition
supports trunk of body, provides attachments for lower limbs and houses bladder, distal end of large intestine & reproductive organs.
Term
Hip Bones develop in 3 parts
Definition
ilium, ischium, and pubis.
Term
ilium
Definition
largest portion of the hip.
Term
ischium
Definition
forms the lowest portion of the of the hip bone.
Term
pubis
Definition
constitutes the anterior portion of the hip bone. short canal cavity which an infant passes through during birth.
Term
ischium
Definition
forms the lowest portion of the of the hip bone.
Term
pubis
Definition
constitutes the anterior portion of the hip bone. short canal cavity which an infant passes through during birth.
Term
Femur (thigh bone)
Definition
longest bone in the body
Term
patella (kneecap)
Definition
a flat sesamoid bone
Term
Tibia (shin bone)
Definition
is the larger of the 2 leg bones.
Term
Fibula
Definition
long slender bone located in the lateral side of the tibia.
Term
ankle (tarsus) is composed of ...
Definition
7 tarsal bones.
Term
Talsus moves...
Definition
freely where it joins the tibia and fibula, forming the ankle.
Term
heel bone is called the
Definition
calcaneous
Term
metatarsals are found ..
Definition
instep of the foot.
Term
toes are called...and each toe has how many?
Definition
phalanges. 3.
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