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| Co-founder of the the settlement house called "Hull House" in 1889 in Chicago. |
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| Leaders of political organizations designed to dominate city and sometimes state politics by dominating political parties in their respective cities. EX: George W. Plunkitt of Tammany Hall in New York City |
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| Law Passed by Congress in 1914 banning monopolistic business practices such as price fixing and interlocking directorates; it also exempted farmers' organizations and unions from prosecution under antitrust laws. |
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| Fire in the Triangle Shirtwaist Company (New York) in 1911 killing 146 workers-nearly all young women-who were trapped in a building with no outside fire escapes and locked exit doors. Led to a 1914 new state factory safety law. |
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| American Railway Union leader who was jailed for spearheading the Pullman strike; he later became a leading socialist and ran for president. |
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| Nebraska congressman who advocated free coinage of silver, opposed imperialism, and ran for president unsuccessfully three times on the Democratic ticket. |
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| Resolution approved by the U.S. Senate in 1898, by which the United States promised not to annex Cuba; introduced by Senator Henry Teller of Colorado. |
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| An amendment to the Army Appropriations Act of 1901, sponsored by Senator Orville Platt, which set terms for the withdrawal of the U.S. Army from Cuba. It required Cuba to not make any agreement with a foreign power that impaired the island's independence, that the U.S. could intervene in Cuba to preserve Cuban independence and maintain law and order, and finally that Cuba was to lease facilities to the United States for naval bases and coaling stations. |
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| Uprising in China in 1900 directed against foreign powers who were attempting to dominate China; it was suppressed by an international army that included American participation. |
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| Law passed by Congress in 1890 authorizing authorizing the federal government to prosecute any "combination" "in restraint of trade"; because of adverse court rulings, at first it was ineffective as a weapon against monopolies. |
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| Members of the People's Party, who held their first presidential nominating convention in 1892 and called for federal action to reduce the power of big business and to assist farmers and workers. |
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| Supreme Court decision in 1896 that upheld a Louisiana law requiring the segregation of railroad facilities on the grounds that "separate but equal" facilities were constitutional under the Fourteenth Amendment. |
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| Former slave who became an educator and founded Tuskegee Institute, a leading black education institution; he urged southern African Americans to accept disenfranchisement and segregation for the time being. |
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| Unemployed workers led by Jacob S. Coxey who marched to Washington to demand relief measures from Congress following the depression of 1893. |
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| -American intellectual and civil rights leader, author of important works on black history and sociology; helped form and lead the NAACP. |
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| National American Woman Suffrage Association-organization formed in 1890 that united the two major women’s suffrage groups of that time. |
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| Wisconsin governor who instituted reforms such as direct primaries, tax reform, and anticorruption measures in Wisconsin. |
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| Theodore Roosevelt’s term for his efforts to deal fairly with all as president. |
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| popular name given to the Progressive Party in 1912 as a tribute to its presidential candidate, Theodore Roosevelt. |
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| Name applied by critics to the Taft administration policy of supporting US investments abroad. |
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| Woodrow Wilson advocated this program of reforms in his 1912 presidential campaign, including reducing tariffs, revising the monetary system, and prosecuting trusts. |
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| Informal alliance that linked France, Great Britain, and Russia in the years before WWI. |
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| Alliance that linked Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary in the years before WWI. |
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| British passenger liner torpedoed by a German submarine in 1915; more than one Thousand drowned, including 128 Americans, creating a diplomatic crisis between the US and Germany. |
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| 1916 German promise to stop sinking merchant ships without warning if the US would compel the Allies to obey “international law.” |
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| A coded telegram dispatched by the Foreign Secretary of the German Empire, Arthur Zimmermann, on January 16, 1917, to the German ambassador in Washington, Johann von Bernstorff, at the height of World War I, which instructed Ambassador Eckardt that if the United States appeared likely to enter the war he was to approach the Mexican government with a proposal for military alliance. |
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| US Committee on Public Information (1917-1919), headed by journalist and editor George Creel; it used films, posters, pamphlets, and news releases to mobilize American public opinion in favor of WWI. |
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| 1917 law mandating severe penalties for Anyone found guilty of interfering with the draft or encouraging disloyalty to the US. |
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| Refers to laws or practices that discriminate against black people. |
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| program for maintaining peace after WWI, which called for arms reduction, national self-determination, and a league of nations. |
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| a world organization proposed by Wilson and created by the Versailles peace conference; it worked to promote peace and international cooperation; the US never joined. |
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| 1919 treaty ending WWI; imposed harsh terms on Germany, created several territorial mandates, and set up the League of Nations. |
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| prominent Republican senator from Massachusetts and the chair of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee who led congressional opposition to Article 10 of the League of Nations. |
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| Sacco and Vanzetti (Trial) |
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| Italian anarchists convicted in 1921 of the murder of a factory paymaster and theft of a $16,000; electrocuted in 1927 despite doubts about their guilt. |
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| Amendment that prohibits each of the states and the federal government from denying any citizen the right to vote because of that citizen's sex. Gave women the right to vote. Proposed 1919, ratified 1920. |
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| What was a muckraker? Give two examples of a muckraker and their publication. |
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| Muckrakers were Progressive-era journalists who wrote articles exposing corruption in city government, business and industry. Journalists: Upton Sinclair and Ida Tarbell. Publication: McClure's Magazine. |
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| Who was Jane Addams and what popular movement was she associated with? |
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| was a founder of the U.S. Settlement House movement (Hull House), and one of the first American women to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. She was associated with the Settlement House movement. |
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| Of the six initiatives presented by the Populists, what were two that became main stream political reform? |
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| Secret Ballots and the Graduated Income Tax |
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| What was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act? How successful was it? |
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| The Sherman Anti-Trust act was the first United States Federal statute to limit cartels and monopolies(1890). Because of Supreme Court rulings, the act was largely unsuccessful for battling monopolies. |
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| Identify the five basic beliefs of the Progressives. |
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1.A concern for responsive, honest, and efficient government.
2.Recognition of the obligations of society to the underprivileged.
3.Desire for a more rational use of Nation's Resources.
4.Developing a solution for the social ills of the day (poverty, for example)
5.Concern for the maintenance, or restoration, of a consensus on what has conventionally been called moral principles. |
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| What were the reasons for the initiative and referendum? |
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| The Populists distrusted the old parties and wanted to increase the influence of the individual voter in political decision making, and this was done via the initiative and referendum. |
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| What was the main reason for the march of Coxey's Army? |
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| To demand relief measures from Congress following the depression of 1893, specifically to lobby for the government to create jobs which would involve building roads and other public works improvements. |
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| Compare the key points in the Teller Amendment with that in the Platt Amendment. What is the final appraisal in terms of American foreign policy? |
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| The Teller Amendment of 1898 was a resolution by the Senate in which the U.S. promised not to annex Cuba. The Platt Amendment was later adopted, it required Cuba to not make any agreement with a foreign power that impaired the island's independence, that the U.S. could intervene in Cuba to preserve Cuban independence and maintain law and order, and finally that Cuba was to lease facilities to the United States for naval bases and coaling stations. The American's final appraisal is to establish Cuba as a protectorate, and not allow it to truly have self-rule. |
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| State Booker T. Washington's philosophy concerning black status in America in the late 19th century. |
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| Washington's philosophy that if the African American race was to progress economically, and later socially, it had to cooperate with the social inequality of the day. |
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| State W.E.B. DuBois' philosophy concerning black status in America in the late 19th century. |
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| DuBois stated that to deny social and political freedom as necessary NOW, meant accepting inferior status. He believed in equality for the African Americans in all forms of life. |
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| Compare the view of Roosevelt's New Nationalism with that of Wilson's New Freedom in light of monopolies. |
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| Roosevelt preferred regulating monopolistic practices, a happy medium between destroying and helping. Wilson, however favored prosecuting and "busting" trusts, attacking corporations, limiting their campaign contributions, and reducing tariffs. |
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| What were Roosevelt's "Three C's"? |
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Conservative (American Dream)
Compromise (Role of Gov't, remember the Government-Management-Labor triangle)
Conservationist (Public Parks, Recreation) |
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| Identify those who made up the Triple Entente and those that made up the Triple Alliance. |
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Triple Entente: France, Great Britain, and Russia.
Triple Alliance: Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary. |
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| The key terms Sussex Pledge and the Lusitania refer to what issues involving the U.S. and Germany? |
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In 1916 the Germans promised to stop sinking merchant vessels without warning as long as the U.S. convince the allies to obey "international law".
Lusitania was a British passenger vessel that was sunk in 1915 by a German U-boat, 128 American died.
Both events relate to Germany's unrestricted submarine warfare, which caused Americans to become involved in the war. |
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| What were the two main issues involved in Wilson's Fourteen Points? |
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| Self Determination of common races, and the establishment of the League of Nations. |
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| What was the outcome of the court case Schenck v. United States? How did this apply to the Espionage and Sedition Acts? |
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| The outcome was Schenck was convicted as guilty of slandering the United States in a way that was a "clear and present danger" to the nation. The Espionage and Sedition Acts provided a grounds for this conviction, establishing for certain some wording in the United States Constitution regarding free speech. |
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| Why did the Senate reject the Treaty of Versailles? |
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| The opposition led by Henry Cabot Lodge was most concerned with the League of Nations, particularly Article X which involved declaring war without congress' approval. The Congress did not want their foreign policy to be dictated by foreign powers. |
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| What did the trial of Sacco and Vanzetti reflect about 1920's America? |
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| The Sacco and Vanzetti trial reflected American's strong anti-Italian prejudice and prejudice against immigrants, especially prevalent in New England states. It is also viewed as a blatant disregard for civil liberties, saying that the United States judicial system failed Sacco and Vanzetti, whether they were guilty or not. |
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