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| An analysis and interpretation of the records and artifacts that we have found from the past. |
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| Civilizations have similarities to each other, history repeats itself. Almost every main old civilization grew up from around a river. |
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| What creation myths have common |
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| Most have water (giant sea), speaking (to create), a 2nd generation god who is in charge of the world, council, humans as the ultimate creation, and creation from preexisting matter and energy. |
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| City or group of cities which is united and often has food surplus. To the romans, someone was only civilized if they lived inside of an actual city. |
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| When a civilization has enough food to feed itself and possibly more. Leads to prosperity. |
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| When agricultural surplus happens, the other jobs in the community are divided among the people, so that they can specialize in that job and increase the prosperity of the people in that way. |
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| Indicated civilization. Writing systems developed in places where the people could study writing and where there was plenty of trade. It became a way to record history. |
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| When division of labor develops, the society becomes stratified, with each person making what they specialize at and selling to the market. This society develops into hierarchical tiers. |
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| Happens before people were literate and could record history through writing. |
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| The groups which used metallurgy for weapons or tools. Also they usually had stratified society. |
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| The oldest people. They had no tools except of stone, and no stratification. |
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| When crops were domesticated and foraging and hunting were no longer so heavily needed. Lead to civilizations which could stay in one place. |
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