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History Spring Final
Faith Christian School/ Karen Crone/ Spring Semester Final
301
History
10th Grade
05/21/2012
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Term
the most alarming aspect of the compromise of 1850 to northerners was the decision concerning
 Definition
the new fugitive slave law
Term
the decision in the case scott v sanford protected the rights of
 Definition
slave owners
Term
why did the whig party collapse in the 1850s
 Definition
it did not address the issue of slavery
Term
under popular sovereignty, the decision whether or not to allow slavery in a territory was made by
 Definition
the voters in the territory
Term
in the 1858 illinois senate race, stephen douglas defeated
 Definition
abraham lincoln
Term
"bleeding kansas" earned its name form clashes over
 Definition
slavery
Term
in retaliation for a pro-slavery raid on the town of lawrence, kansas _____________ led a murderous raid on the pro-slavery settlement at pottowatamie creek
 Definition
john brown
Term
president polk's claim that "Amerrican blood (had been shed) on the American soil" referred to news of an armed clash between Mexican and American troops near
 Definition
The Rio Grande
Term
How did John C. Calhoun view the North
 Definition
as a tyrannical north
Term
how did the book Uncle Tom's Cabin affect American society in the 1850s
 Definition
it convinced many northerners that slavery would ruin the nation
Term
states from the upper south seceded when
 Definition
lincoln called for volunteers
Term
many northern whites objected to slavery because they believed it
 Definition
violated principles of the christian religion
Term
what is true about both the north and south in the mid 1800s
 Definition
both regions cherished their democratic tradition
Term
what was the greatest impact of John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry
 Definition
the raid deepened the diversion between north and south
Term
the civil war began with the
 Definition
confederate attack on fort sumter
Term
in general, the policy of president james k. polk was one of
 Definition
expansion with the annexation of california
Term
the phrase "manifest destiny" refers to the belief that the united states
 Definition
had a divine mission to spread liberty across the continent
Term
what was a provision of the compromise of 1850
 Definition
california would be a free state
Term
in the election year of 1860, the democratic party
 Definition
split into northern and southern division
Term
abolitionists objected to the dred scott decision because it
 Definition
meant congress had no power to ban slavery anywhere
Term
in 1853, southerners supported the glasden purchase of additional land from mexico to
 Definition
secure a possible route for a railroad
Term
secessionists believed that they had a right to leave the union, because
 Definition
they had joined it voluntarily
Term
in 1844 mexican general santa anna warned that which U.S. action would mean war
 Definition
the annexation of texas
Term
many southern whites criticized northern business owners for
 Definition
not caring about their workers
Term
the wilmot proviso, introduced into congress during the mexican war, declared that
 Definition
slavery would be banned from all territories that Mexico ceded to the united states
Term
during his 1858 senatorial election debates with stephen douglas, abraham lincoln argued that
 Definition
slavery was a moral issue
Term
as a result of the bear flag revolt
 Definition
california declared itself republic of california
Term
how did the kansas-nebraska act affect slavery in the new territories
 Definition
it granted citizens of the territories the right to decide if slavery should be allowed
Term
southern states began to secede following the election of 1860 because
 Definition
lincoln won the presidency without any southern votes
Term
by attacking the federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry, John Brown hoped to
 Definition
start a slave uprising
Term
who were the main supporters of the new Republican Party
 Definition
antislavery northerners
Term
nativists
 Definition
accused immigrants of stealing jobs by working for low wages and corrupting American values
Term
the territory the united states gained after the mexican war
 Definition
contributed to worsening relations between the north and south
Term
prejudice
 Definition
an unreasonable and often unfavorable opinion of another group, not based on fact
Term
secessionist
 Definition
person who wanted the south to leave the union
Term
annex
 Definition
join or attach
Term
fifth amendment
 Definition
due process guarantee to life, liberty, and property
Term
what was a major significance of the presidential election of 1864
 Definition
voters showed their approval of lincolns stand against slavery
Term
list 3 advantages of the north
 Definition
1. more railroads
2. more money
3. stable government
4. more people
Term
grant's victory at vicksburg did what to the confederacy
 Definition
cut the confederacy in two
Term
the battle of antietam denied robert e lee a chance to
 Definition
win a battle on union soil
Term
during the early part of the war, lincolns main goal was to
 Definition
preserve the union
Term
what was the souths main war strategy
 Definition
seeking foreign aid from england and france
Term
grants successful strategy for taking vicksburg involved
 Definition
mounting a siege
Term
passage of the thirteenth amendment showed that congress accepted
 Definition
lincolns stand against slavery
Term
the reelection of president lincoln in 1864 showed that most northern voters
 Definition
approved his stand against slavery
Term
lee crossed into pennsylvania because he wanted a
 Definition
victory on northern soil
Term
if grants army could gain control of the mississippi river, the confederacy would be
 Definition
split into two parts
Term
the emancipation proclamation had the effect of
 Definition
encouraging african americans to serve in the union army
Term
grant and sherman followed the same general strategy, which called for
 Definition
confronting the enemy
Term
during the civil war, the republican-controlled congress
 Definition
passed a law calling for the construction of a railroad line from nebraska to the pacific
Term
george mcclellan said that if he were elected president in 1864, he would
 Definition
negotiate an end to the war
Term
the first battle of bull run and the battle of shiloh proved that the
 Definition
war would be long and difficult
Term
the single greatest cause of death of confederate and union soldiers was
 Definition
disease
Term
lincoln urged general mcclellan to attack the confederate capital of
 Definition
richmond, virginia
Term
what was the first major battle of the civil war
 Definition
the first battle of bull run
Term
the emancipation proclamation freed
 Definition
enslaved people living in the united states
Term
battles in the west took place mainly
 Definition
along rivers
Term
one of the major hardships faced by the confederacy during the war was
 Definition
a food shortage
Term
what was one advantage of the south
 Definition
they had a large amount of people that were trained at military schools
Term
after lee was unable to save richmond or unite with johnston, he
 Definition
surrendered to grant
Term
lincoln gained much-needed voter support in the 1864 election after
 Definition
sherman captured atlanta
Term
general lee marched his troops into pennsylvania because he
 Definition
hoped to win a victory on union soil
Term
what caused president lincoln to become dissatisfied with general mcclellans command
 Definition
he thought mcclellan was too slow to take action
Term
in the gettysberg address, lincoln
 Definition
promised the nation a new birth of freedom
Term
during the civil war, the south hoped to
 Definition
convince britain and france to intervene on the confederate side
Term
at fords theatre on april 14, 1865,
 Definition
lincoln was shot
Term
name the 3 rivers that were strategically important for the control of commerce and troops in the confederacy
 Definition
the mississippi, the tennessee, and the cumberland
Term
what two confederate strongholds on the mississippi river did commodore farragut and his union sailors capture
 Definition
new orleans and port hudson
Term
what was the significance of the battle between the monitor and the merrimack
 Definition
wooden ships became obsolete
Term
what did the south do to try and gain the aid of britain
 Definition
used their cotton sales as an incentive to gain their aid
Term
what did britain do when the south withheld their cotton
 Definition
they started buying cotton from other countries
Term
why was July 4, 1863 was so special
 Definition
slaves were able to celebrate independence day as free people for the first time
Term
what were the 3 elements of the anaconda plan
 Definition
1. put a naval blockade on the south
2. capture the capital, richmond
3. gain control of the mississippi river and split the south in two
Term
pardon
 Definition
official forgiveness of a crime
Term
impeach
 Definition
to charge a governement official with wrongdoing in office
Term
civil rights
 Definition
personal liberties guaranteed by law
Term
infrastructure
 Definition
services such as roads, sewers, and railroads that the public expect
Term
what was the verdict in president johnsons impeachment trial
 Definition
he escaped conviction by one vote
Term
what kind of crops were grown in the south after the war
 Definition
cash crops
Term
in his presidential reconstruction plan, andrew johnson
 Definition
was more generous than lincoln
Term
the most visible new black organizations in the south were
 Definition
churches
Term
much of the money for improving infrastructure in the south came from
 Definition
taxes on individuals
Term
southern state governments restricted the rights of former slaves by
 Definition
passing black codes
Term
what was a provision of the radical republicans' reconstruction act of 1867
 Definition
it put the south under military rule
Term
johnson freely gave
 Definition
pardons to southern officials
Term
many poor white southern laborers could no longer find work because of
 Definition
competition from freedmen
Term
during reconstruction, southern governments tried to improve economic conditions in the south by
 Definition
building raildorads and budinesses
Term
the main goal of the ku klux klan's terror was to
 Definition
drive the republicans out of the south and prevent blacks from exercising their rights
Term
after rutherford b hayes became president in 1877, he
 Definition
removed federal troops from the south
Term
what was a major success of reconstruction in the south
 Definition
the creation of a public school system
Term
most of the souths postwar industrial growth came from
 Definition
cotton mills
Term
a major failure of reconstruction was that
 Definition
racist attitudes continued in the north and south
Term
as white southerners regained control of state governments, they began to
 Definition
reverse reconstructino era reforms
Term
when Johnson violated the tenure of office act, he was
 Definition
impeached by the house
Term
among republicans the failures of reconstruction was the inability to
 Definition
move black southerners out of poverty
Term
voters grew tired of reconstruction in part because
 Definition
it symbolized corruption and greed
Term
the radical republicans opposed president lincolns reconstruction plan, saying it was too
 Definition
lenient on the south
Term
the radical republicans passed a series of laws designed to
 Definition
protect the civil rights of african americans
Term
congress reacted to klan terror by passing
 Definition
the enforcement act of 1870
Term
what did lincoln hope reconstruction would do to the nation
 Definition
bind the nation together and create a lasting peace
Term
tenant farming encouraged the rise of a new class of wealthy
 Definition
merchants
Term
in their reconstruction policies, both president lincoln and president johnson insisted upon
 Definition
southern approval of the thirteenth amendment
Term
reconstruction succeeded in its goals of restoring the union and helping to
 Definition
repair the war-torn south
Term
the freedmens bureau succeeded in
 Definition
providing clothing, medical care, food, and education to many freed people
Term
13th amendment
 Definition
abolished slavery
Term
14th amendment
 Definition
equal rights
Term
15th amendment
 Definition
voting rights
Term
nullification
 Definition
principle that said a state could declare a federal laaw unconstitutional
Term
depression
 Definition
severe economic downturn
Term
impressment
 Definition
forcing people into military service
Term
judicial preview
 Definition
the power of federal courts to decide if laws are in keeping with the constitution
Term
political party
 Definition
a group of people who seek to win public office so they can govern according to their policies
Term
agenda
 Definition
list of things to accomplish
Term
bureaucracy
 Definition
departments and workers that make uo the federal government
Term
embargo
 Definition
restriction on trade
Term
assimilation
 Definition
process by which people of one culture become part on another culture
Term
tariff
 Definition
a tax on foreign goods imported to a country
Term
in 1803, the united states puchased the louisiana territory from what country?
 Definition
france
Term
the power of judicial review allows feredal courts to decide
 Definition
if state and federal laws are constitutional
Term
what did british troops do to washington dc during the war of 1812
 Definition
They set washington dc on fire
Term
the united states declared war on great britain because of
 Definition
continued british harrasment
Term
john marshall is remembered for
 Definition
serving as chief justice of the supreme court for 34 years
Term
in marbury v madison justice john marshall increased the power of
 Definition
the judicial branch
Term
the louisiana purchase is significant becuase it
 Definition
greatly increased the size of the united states
Term
the war of 1812 ended with
 Definition
return to the prewar broundaries between united states and british territories
Term
the prophet called for native americans (the Miamis, Delawares, and Shawnees) to
 Definition
completely reject european culture
Term
what was the cause of the native americans giving up the southern two thirds of ohio
 Definition
the treaty of greenville in 1795
Term
to deal with the united states, native american leader tecumseh called for
 Definition
taking military action against the expansion of the united states
Term
the embargo of 1807 was
 Definition
unpopular and unsuccessful with the new england traders
Term
jefferson reduced the influence of the federal government by
 Definition
reducing the size of the federal bureaucracy
Term
western territories north of missouri's southern border were closed to slavery is a guidline of what compromise
 Definition
the missouri compromise of 1820
Term
northern states objected to admitting missouri as a slave state because
 Definition
it would increase the power of the southern states in the senate
Term
what was a major accomplishment of the Jefferson administration
 Definition
making the louisiana purchase
Term
americans who had borrowed too muich money were financially ruined was an affect of what
 Definition
the panic of 1819
Term
the battle of tippecanoe resulted in
 Definition
a loss of prophetstown and native american confidence
Term
fort mandan
 Definition
served as winter quarters for the lewis and clark expedition
Term
sacajawea was from what indian tribe
 Definition
shoshone
Term
what 4 things did lewis and clark primarily do on their land graphing trips
 Definition
1. they journeyed all the way to the pacific ocean
2. they documented the natural resources of the upper Louisiana purchase
3. they nefotiated with indian tribes to allow future access to their lands
4. they charted the course of the missouri river
Term
the escalation of indian wars and violence on the frontier can be attributed to
 Definition
competition for land by both indian and white settlers
Term
before his election to a second term, jefferson secured his popularity by
 Definition
repealing the federal excise tax on whiskey
Term
the most intense opposition to the 1807 embargo came from
 Definition
new england
Term
who shot and killed alexander hamilton
 Definition
aaron burr
Term
an unexpected result of the embargo act was the
 Definition
promotion of industrialization at nome
Term
state 4 facts about the non-intercourse act
 Definition
1. it replaced the embargo act
2. it permitted americans to ship goods to european nations at war
3. it cut off trade with great britain
4. it cut off trade with franceq
Term
what significant thing did william henry harrison do regarding indians
 Definition
he defeated tecumseh and tenskwatawa at tippecanoe
Term
the most humiliating episode of the war came with the
 Definition
british capture of washington dc
Term
francis scott key was inspired to write the star spangled banner by
 Definition
the battle of baltimore and fort mchenry
Term
the victory at horseshoe bend
 Definition
eliminated indian resistance in alabama and mississippi
Term
the victory at new orleans is associated with
 Definition
andrew jackson
Term
according to the terms of the treaty of ghent ending the war of 1812
 Definition
the war was a draw and neither side conceded anything
Term
list 3 of president jefferson's goals for the lewis and clark expedition
 Definition
1. find a pacific water route
2. discover new native american tribes
3. find new animals and plant life
Term
who was a future president of the us that was involved with the indian wars and the war of 1812
 Definition
william harrison
Term
List 2 reasons why the united states wanted to purchase Louisiana
 Definition
1. To look for a pacific water route
2. Access to the Mississippi river was good for trade
Term
List 3 agenda items from Thomas Jefferson's first inaugural address.
 Definition
1. Reduce the size of the army
2. Reduce taxes
3. Reduce the bureaucracy
Term
Cede
 Definition
Give up
Term
Congregation
 Definition
The members of a church
Term
Denominations
 Definition
Religious subgroups
Term
Nomads
 Definition
People who migrate instead of living in one place
Term
Presidios
 Definition
Spanish forts
Term
Starting in 1843, settlers moved west in organized wagon trails along
 Definition
The Oregon trail
Term
Describe population trends in the united states from 1780-1830
 Definition
High birth rates caysed rapid population growth
Term
Fur traders who began hunting for pelts in the rocky mountains and adopted the way of life of native Americans were called
 Definition
Mountain men
Term
The second great awakening is best described as
 Definition
Evangelical and democratic
Term
What did the Adams-onis treaty of 1819 do
 Definition
Spain ceded Florida to the united states
Term
Among the Protestant denominations that grew rapidly during the second great awakening were
 Definition
Baptista and Methodists
Term
Settlers in Texas fought a war for independence against
 Definition
Mexico
Term
Americans who believed in republican virtues called on women
 Definition
To serve as examples of honesty and discipline
Term
One consequence of western expansion for native Americans was
 Definition
Lost land and population
Term
What were women's roles In the second great awakening
 Definition
They worked together to help others and to spread Christianity
Term
Along te California coast during the late 1700s, Spanish soldiers and priests began building a chain of
 Definition
Missions and presidios
Term
Preachers during the second great awakening taught that
 Definition
Salvation is available to anyone, rich or poor
Term
Outdoor meetings held to bring people back to religious life were known as
 Definition
Revivals
Term
A European animal that had a big impact on the way f life of some native Americans was
 Definition
Horse
Term
A woman's selection of a husband in the early 1800s was marked by
 Definition
Caution
Term
Most pioneers who settled west of the Appalachians were
 Definition
Families looking for good land
Term
The Transylvania company employed Daniel Boone and others to cut
 Definition
The wilderness road through the Cumberland gap
Term
the huge numbers of settlers from the united states in texas led to
 Definition
an independence movement in texas
Term
the first permanent agricultural settlements in oregon were begun by
 Definition
missionaries who sought to convert indians
Term
how did the texas revolution end
 Definition
the texas army under sam houston surprised and defeared the mexicans
Term
the questions of oregon was settled with the treaty of 1846. what was it
 Definition
president polk had campaigned on the slogan of 54" 40' or fight. he compromised and the border was set at the 49th parallel
Term
most pioneers who settled west of the appalachians were
 Definition
families looking for good land
Term
describe Stephen F. Austin's efforts to settle Texas
 Definition
austin received permission from mexican authorites to settle 300 families
Term
joseph smith
 Definition
established the mormon church
Term
the first president of the republic of texas was
 Definition
sam houston
Term
the texas revolution ended at the
 Definition
battle of san jacinto
Term
the term "manifest destiny" was associated with
 Definition
america's fate to conquer the continent
Term
who did webster feel should be responsible for creating a system of public school
 Definition
the government
Term
who is webster
 Definition
noah webster is the person that came up with the dictionary and he founded webster's dictionaries
Term
why did webster feel that public education was important to the united states
 Definition
webster promoted public education because it was available to everyone and would benefit and enlighten the upcoming generation
Term
during this time period, who was most likely to receive and education without the help of a public school system
 Definition
wealthy families
Term
the mills in the northeast hired mostly
 Definition
young single women
Term
increasing farm production in the old northwest helped create
 Definition
a rise in specialized businesses to provess and transport farm products
Term
in the early 1800s, the populations of cities in the northeast
 Definition
increased sharply
Term
copared with cities in the north, southern cities were
 Definition
fewer in number and smaller in population
Term
the most influential new enterprises of the market revolution were
 Definition
banks
Term
what was a result of industrialization in the united states
 Definition
a growth of cities
Term
the south in the early 1800s was
 Definition
mainly rural
Term
banks played a key role in american economic expansion by
 Definition
providing loans to buisnesses
Term
how did many southern states react to the uprisings of vesey and turner
 Definition
they passed harsher slave laws
Term
francis cabot lowell led a group of businessmen who
 Definition
built a centralized textile factory in massachusetts
Term
one reason many manufacturing mills were built in new england was
 Definition
the availability of water power
Term
the labor movement began in the early 1800s to protest
 Definition
working conditions and low wages
Term
after the importation of slaves to the unites states was banned
 Definition
the slave trade continued within the united states
Term
by the mid-1880s many average americans were able to
 Definition
fill their homes with purchased items
Term
The main way of life in the old northwest was
 Definition
Grain and livestock farming
Term
The south remained agricultural largely because
 Definition
Its physical geography made farming highly profitable
Term
As a result of an increase in manufacturing in the 1800s
 Definition
More people began working outside the home for pay
Term
In the early 1800s the most valuable export of the united states was
 Definition
Cotton
Term
What made cotton "king" of the south
 Definition
The invention of the cotton gin
Term
Robert Fulton
 Definition
Pioneered steam navigation on rivers
Term
The industrial revolution was spearheaded by
 Definition
Textile industry
Term
Rural
 Definition
Places made up mostly of farms and countryside
Term
Urban
 Definition
Places made up of one very large city
Term
Labor union
 Definition
An organization or workers formed to protect their interests
Term
Strike
 Definition
A work stoppage
Term
Tenement
 Definition
City housing areas with poor standards of safety
Term
Marlet revolution
 Definition
Change in the way people made, bought, and sold goods
Term
Free enterprise system
 Definition
Economic setup in which companies compete for profits
Term
Manufacturing
 Definition
Use of machines to make products
Term
Centralize
 Definition
To bring all production tasks together in one place
Term
Capital
 Definition
Wealth that can be produced goods and make money
Term
James watt
 Definition
Invented the practical steam engine
Term
Samuel salter
 Definition
Water-powered textile mill
Term
Eli whitney
 Definition
Invented the cotton gin and interchangeable parts
Term
Samuel morse
 Definition
Invented the telegraph
Term
Cyrus McCormick
 Definition
Invented the mechanical reaper
Term
Name two natural resources that will be used to power the early factories in the united states
 Definition
Water and coal
Term
What county bought or traded for three fourths of the cotton used for their factories from the united states
 Definition
England
Term
2 major differences between the north and south in the mid-1800s
 Definition
1. North had more people than the south
2. More jobs were available in the north
Term
How did farmers increase fertility of their soil during this time period?
 Definition
Fertilizer: cow poop
Crop rotation: farmers change the crops grown in the same area of land so nutrients are distributed and withdrawn accordingly
Term
The case of McCulloch v maryand
 Definition
Protected federal institutions from state taxes
Term
Jackson defended the spoils system by claiming that it prevented
 Definition
Control of government by the rich
Term
Andrew Jackson found his greatest support among
 Definition
Common people
Term
Unlike the Jacksonian democrats, the national republicans thought
 Definition
The federal government should support internal improvements
Term
The Monroe doctrine stated that
 Definition
Europe must not try to control any nation in the western hemisphere
Term
The supreme court under chief justice marshall made several decisions that
 Definition
Strengthened the federal government
Term
The 1828 election saw the rise of two new political parties, the
 Definition
National republicans and Jacksonian democrats
Term
The tarif of 1828 posed a serious challenge to federal authority when
 Definition
SoutH Carolina declared the tariffs null and void
Term
By what means did Andrew Jackson guarantee tarif collection in south carolina
 Definition
He reinforced federal forts in south Carolina to show that he was serious about collecting the revenues
Term
Hiw did Andrew Jackson resolve the issue of the bank of the united states
 Definition
He vetoed the bill, however congress voted to override his veto
Term
In response to the supreme courts ruling in Worchester v Georgia, Andrew Jackson
 Definition
Defies the court and sent troops to force the removal of the Cherokee
Term
The Adams onis treaty of 1821 ceded which state to the united states
 Definition
Florida
Term
Henry clays "American system" consisted of what 3 elements?
 Definition
1. Charter of the 2nd national bank
2. Federal funding for the national road
3. A high protective tariff
Term
what dominated the presidential election campaign of 1828
 Definition
personality and personal attacks
Term
in the case of gibbons v Ogden, the supreme court
 Definition
established the principle that the federal government would control interstate commerce
Term
at the time it was issued, the monroe doctrine was
 Definition
incapable of being enforced by the united states
Term
as a result of the missouri compromise
 Definition
slavery was banned north of 36 degrees 30' in the Louisiana Purchase territory
Term
in mcculloch v maryland, cohens v virginia, and gibbons v ogden, chief justice marshall's rulings limited the extent of
 Definition
states' rights
Term
andrew jacksons political philosophy was based on his
 Definition
support of states rights
Term
the era of good feelings
 Definition
was a misnomer, because the period was a troubled one
Term
the house of representatives decided the 1824 presidential election when
 Definition
no candidate received a majority of the vote in the electoral college
Term
the policy of the jackson administration toward the eastern indian tribes was
 Definition
forced removal
Term
while in existence, the second bank of the united states
 Definition
was the depository of the funds of the national government
Term
in interpreting the constitution, john marshall
 Definition
favored "loose construction"
Term
john quincy adams, elected president in 1825,was charged by his political opponents with having struck a "corrupt bargain" when he appointed ____________ to become _______________
 Definition
henry clay; secretary of state
Term
state 3 results of the missouri compromise
 Definition
1. the balance between the north and south was kept even
2. missouri entered the union as a slave state
3. maine entered the union as a free state
Term
the presidential election of 1824
 Definition
was the first one to see the election of a minority president
Term
the purpose behind the spoils system was
 Definition
to reward political supporters with public office
Term
as president, john quincy adams
 Definition
was one of the least successful presidents in american history
Term
the "nullification crisis" of 1832-1833 erupted over
 Definition
tariff policy
Term
andrew jackson's administration supported the removal of native americans from the eastern states because
 Definition
whites wanted the indians' land
Term
the united states' most successful diplomat and secretary of state in the era of good feelings was
 Definition
john quincy adams
Term
one of the major causes of the panic of 1819 was
 Definition
unstable financial practices
Term
the section of the united states most hurt by the tariff of 1828 was
 Definition
the south
Term
why were utopian communities established
 Definition
to create places that were free from the ill effects of urban growth
Term
the american colonization society favored returning enslaved african americans to africa because of a belief that
 Definition
american society would never allow african americans equal treatment
Term
what was the main goal of public education reformers
 Definition
to train the young to be informed, responsible citizens
Term
at the seneca falls convention, elizabeth cady stanton presented a
 Definition
statement of demands called a declaration of sentiments
Term
the earliest known protest against slavery came from
 Definition
a religious group
Term
supporters of the abolitionist movement were divided over
 Definition
whether slavery could be ended in the united states by the constitution
Term
the american colonization society was formed to promote
 Definition
migration of free blacks to liberia
Term
what reform movement caused the greatest tension between north and south
 Definition
abolitionism
Term
what group was most active in the reform movements of the 1830s and 1840s
 Definition
northern women
Term
what happened to most utopian communities in the early 1800s
 Definition
they fell victim to laziness, selfishness, and infighting
Term
in the 1830s and 1840s, most southern whites
 Definition
saw no need to reform their society
Term
the women's movement compared the status of women with that of
 Definition
enslaved african americans
Term
most immigrants to the united states from 1820 to 1860 came from
 Definition
northern europe
Term
the aim of the temperance movement was to
 Definition
eliminate all consumption of alcohol
Term
abolitionists all agreed about
 Definition
the need to end slavery
Term
radical abolitionists demanded immediate
 Definition
emancipation of slaves
Term
by working in reform movements, many women
 Definition
gained experience in seeking social and political change
Term
what message did protestant revivalists preach in the early 1800s
 Definition
people are capable of shaping their own destinies
Term
describe the ideology of transcendentalists
 Definition
humans should be self-reliant and act on their beliefs
Term
what did prison reformers hope to achieve
 Definition
more humane conditions in prisons
Term
one main source of division in the abolitionist movement was
 Definition
the right of women to speak at meetings
Term
robert owen
 Definition
scottish social reformer who founded the utopian community of new harmony, indiana
Term
dorothea dix
 Definition
boston teacher who promoted legislation to improve conditions in prisons and poorhouses
Term
ralph waldo emerson
 Definition
transcendentalist writer that launched the movement
Term
harriet tubman
 Definition
former slave who became a leader of the underground railroad
Term
elizabeth cady stanton
 Definition
with lucretia mott organized the first convention discuss the question of womens' rights
Term
charles finney
 Definition
a popular revivalists of the second great awakening
Term
william lloyd garrison
 Definition
radical abolitionist who published the Liberator
Term
frederick douglas
 Definition
african american abolitionist and publisher of the north star
Term
catherine beecher
 Definition
stressed the importance of woment to the welfare of the united states by working within the home
Term
horace mann
 Definition
wanted free public schools and a planned curriculum taught by trained teachers
Term
what was harriet tubmans incentive to run the underground railroad
 Definition
she wanted to free other slaves and her friends and family
Term
how was harriet tubman able to keep the underground railroad hidden
 Definition
she was able to stay calm, motivate others, and God also provided a lot of help
Term
what did the sedition act do
 Definition
made it illegal to criticize the government
Term
what was the significance of Dartmouth v. Woodward
 Definition
states cannot interfere with private contracts
Term
an enslaved person's life on a large plantation would most likely have included
 Definition
a large community of african americans
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