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History of Rock Test 2: 10/23/12
N/A
43
History
Undergraduate 4
10/22/2012

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Reasons for Death of Rock n Roll
Definition
Elvis joins army
Little Richard went to church
Chuck Berry arrested for teenage girls
Jerry Lee Lewis marries 13 y/o cousin
Buddy Holly dies in a plane crash
Term
Payola scandal
Definition

Record companies paid DJs for airtime
Big record companies felt threatened, go after the DJ's
Alan Freed gets in trouble while Dick Clark gets off

Led to Telecommunications Act

Term
Teen Idols
Definition
How after Payola, big record companies filled the void as rock dies in 50's
Christian, white teen boys like Frankie Avalon
Term
Dick Clark
Definition
Host of American Bandstand,
Owned publishing companies, played artists he published = $$
Term
Leiber/Stohler
Definition
Very important songwriters wrote Hound Dog, music for Elvis,
Made 'Playlets' = plays/musical like Tin Pan Alley Pop for black bands
Wrote songs for the clovers/drifters
Term
Brill Building
Definition
Songwriting factory for black music, publishing house
Carol King/Goffin were a married couple here, wrote 23 top 10 hits, mostly wrote for young black women in Girl Groups
Term
Girl Groups
Definition

The Shirelles

The Ronnettes

The Crystals

Term
Phil Spector
Definition
Music producer famous for creaing the "wall of sound"- a dense reverberated sound that comes across well on AM and jukeboxes
Term
Beach Boys
Definition

"Surf Sound"

Music written by Brian Wilson

Term
Dick Dale
Definition

Known as "king of the surf guitar", pioneered fast solos

"surf Sound"

Term
Ray Charles
Definition
arguably created the classic soul style
Uses gospel elements, adds non-religious lyrics
called "the genius of soul"
Term
Sam Cook
Definition
"Sweet Soul" had a bit more of a pop orientation, less gritty
used to be a gospel singer
Term
Woody Guthrie
Definition

Influenced Bob Dylan

Lived in dust bowl/hard times

Cast as protest singer - "This Land is Your Land"

Daughter Nora Guthrie collects music nearly 3000 songs

Almanac Singer

Term
Pete Seeger
Definition

Connects early folk revival and 60's

Part of Weavers 

"We Shall Over Come" - called communist before House Un-American Activities Committee

Almanac Singer, made Highlander School in Monteagle, TN

Term
Almanac House
Definition

People coming together to make radical music.

Pete Seeger and Woody Guthrie

Term
Highlander Folk School
Definition

Founded by Pete Seeger in Monteagle, TN

Spread "We Shall Over Come" rapidly

Taken over by Guy Carawan

Term
Kingston Trio
Definition
Promoted folk revival in 50-60's
Term
The British Invasion
Definition

Bands infiltrate USA and took over rock charts

Influential to Blues, American Rock&Roll, and Skiffle type music

Term
Beatles
Definition

Evolved from Quarrymen created by John Lennon

Opened door for Euro bands into America

Paul McCartney - most famous song writer of all time, John Lennon, George Harrison 'quiet beatle', Ringo Starr-sex symbol/drummer

George Martin - producer, kept band in line

With Dylan, made rock more mature and widely listened to.

Dylan introduced to weed/drug culture

"Rubber Soul" - '65 considered coming of age album. Album oriented.


Term
Rolling Stones
Definition

"British Blues Revival" - blues roots

Named after Muddy Waters song

Richards/Jagger - together through blues, songwriting team

Recorded Chess Records, had alter ego of Beatles- sex, rougher image

Andrew Oldham - manager gave them dirtier look

Term
Eric Clapton
Definition

Also came out of the "British Blues Revivial"
Evolved from Yardbirds (w/ J Paige and Beck) left for electric blues

Then forms Cream - power trio, long solos "Blind Faith"

Also fascianted with Robert Johnson- ie "Crossroads"

Term
Greenwich Village
Definition

In New York, many prominant stars lived here

Bob Dylan & Peter, Paul, and Mary & Joan Baez

Known for folk singers

Term
Bob Dylan
Definition
Very inspired by Woody Guthrie
Got pinned as a protest singer, but tried to avoid being pigeonholed
Eventually "plugged in" took people a while to like him in an electric full band setting-(At Newport Folk Festival)
Term
Folk Rock
Definition

The Byrds - 

Simon and Garfunkel - 

Term
Motown
Definition

Founded by Berry Gordy in Detroit

 75% of everything they did hit the charts

Black owned, black run company. If writer wrote hit they could keep going if not they were let go.
Motown formula/success - Took soul sound and cleaned it up for a white audience, caused some controversy in the soul community

Maxine Powell - taught artist to act proper

Shyed away from contoversie

Holland, Dozier and Holland (HDH), Smokey Robinson, Martha and the Vandellas, The Supremes, The Temptations, Jackson Five, Marvin Gaye

 

Term
Berry Gordy
Definition
Started a company out of a house called "Hitsville USA"- produced Motown music
75% of everything they did hit the charts
Black owned, black run company
Took soul sound and cleaned it up for a white audience, caused some controversy in the soul community (The Motown formula and success)
Term
Holland, Dozier and Holland
Definition

H-D-H, wrote 25 #1 songs, mainly love songs

 

Term
Martha and the Vandellas
Definition
Sang "Heat Wave" written by HDH
Term
The Supremes
Definition
Sang "Baby Love" also HDH almost identicle to "Heat Wave"
Term
The Temptations
Definition
HDH songs, Highly Choreographed, "My Girl"
Term
Jackson Five
Definition

Last of very choreographed groups from Motown

Micheal Jackson - 11yrs old "ABC-123"

Term
Marvin Gaye
Definition

"Through the Grapevine"

War songs more contoversial, created mixed songs before DJ's made popular

Term
Heart of Stone
Definition

Probably extra credit - John Myers and brother album

Lived in knox - doo woop hits

used and abused by Motown, tricked into losing ownership of songs

Term
Atlantic
Definition

Jerry Wexler - coined term rythm&blues took over in '53

 Stax - small Memphis based record co.

Booker T and the MGs - "Green Onions" #1 on R&B and #3 on Pop charts for 16 weeks, sold 1million copies

Muscle Shoals, AL - Atlantic used FAME Studios located here.

Wilson Picket - R&B/Soul singer recorded at stax

Otis Redding - "these arms of mine" recorded at Stax

Aretha Franklin - Tremendous success with Stax records/FAME gospel roots

Term
James Brown
Definition
Known as "the hardest working man in show business"--gave his all on stage
Progressed from soul to funk and may have even inspired some early hip hops
Term
San Francisco
Definition

Haight Ashbury - "Summer of Love" hippies flocked, Oct. 6 1967 "Death of the Hippie," official end/mock funeral.

Anti-authoritarianism - unity..hippie

Roll of psychedelic drugs in music scene - lots of experiementing, LDS shrooms..

Influence of the Beat Generation - Post WWII writers, exp with drugs sexuality & materialism

Monterey International Pop Festival - Hendrix, Joplin, Otis Redding. (Beah Boys sched. to close event, couldn't settle band disputes so didn't play)

Term
Jefferson Airplane
Definition

Brough trippie music mainstream.

Played with Greatful Dead, part of Haight Ashbury

Grace Slick - women lead singer 1st in front of rock bands, 2 top hits.

Term
Grateful Dead
Definition

Ken Kesey and the Merry Pranksters - heavily used psychedelic drugs, motto - never trust a prankster.

Made LSD more popular, used inprov. in long live songs

Jerry Garcia - lead singer/guitar

Part of Haight Ashbury.

Term
Janis Joplin
Definition

Prominent blues women singer, very loud voice, very promiscuous.

Lead singer of Big Brother and the Holding Company

Part of Haight Ashbury.

Died at 27 drug OD

Term
Almanac Singers
Definition
New York City folk group founed by Pete Seeger and Woody Guthrie

Specialized in topical leftist songs
Term
Kingston Trio
Definition
Group popular in the Folk Revival

"Tom Dooley" sold millions
Term
Joan Baez
Definition
Folk singer, mostly topical songs

Covered many songs and helped bring Bob Dylan to promenence
Term
Monterey Pop Festival
Definition
3 Day Music festival in California

Regarded as one of the beginnings of the "summer of love"

Template for all festivals after
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