Term
| Prayer taken out of schools |
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Definition
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Term
| Bible reading taken out of schools |
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Definition
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Term
10 commandments taken out of schools
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Definition
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Term
What can we do to better the educational system
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Definition
1. Learn how we got here
2. Follow the appropriate steps
- Get your children out
- Educate family and friends
- Pray for Christians in the system
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Term
Why must we study history
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Definition
1. Learn from the Past
2. Learn to Appreciate God's Providence
3. Learn to Set our Hope in God |
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Term
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Definition
1. Enlighten understanding
2. Correct temper
3. Inform manners/habits
4. Fit for usefulness in future stations |
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Term
| What are three factors that affected colonial culture in the 1600s? |
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Definition
1. Physical Environment
2. Racial Interaction
3. Sectional Differences |
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Term
| Name four cultural characteristics of the South |
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Definition
1. One crop agricultural system - Tobacco
2. Landed Aristocrats
3. Free Farmers
4. Church |
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Term
Name three character traits of tobacco
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Definition
1. Taxed the soil
2. Labor-intensive
3. Required rived transportation |
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Term
| Tobacco caused an instant demand for laborers. How did the Southerners work this out? |
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Definition
| Indentured Servant Notion - Brought men from England to work the fields. At the end of the set amount of time, the workers would be given 50 acres of land. (80-90% of Virginians were indentured servants) |
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Term
| The Anglican church was dominant in the South and had two major purposes. |
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Definition
1. Social Interaction
2. Communication |
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Term
| Pennsylvania was land given to William Penn for what reason? |
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Definition
| An area of refuge for Quakers to escape from New England. |
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Term
| What were the four largest cities in the colonies? |
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Definition
1. Philadelphia - 25,000
2. New York - 20,000
3. Boston - 20,000
4. Charleston - 10,000 |
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Term
| What was the key religion in New Netherlands (New York) |
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Definition
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Term
| Overview of the Middle Colonies |
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Definition
| A diverse culture made up of several European cultures, showing religious toleration and the beginnings of trade. |
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Term
| What was the uniquely American contribution brought about in New England during the 1600s? |
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Definition
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Term
New England consisted of which two major church groups?
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Definition
1. Pilgrims - Separatists
2. Puritans |
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Term
| Why did the Pilgrims come to Plymouth Plantation in 1620? |
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Definition
| They believed there was no hope for the Anglican church and thus faced persecution in England. They sailed to the New World because they were afraid of losing their children to the Dutch. |
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Term
| Why did the Puritans set sail for the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630? |
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Definition
| The Puritans wanted to purify the church of England and thus faced persecution. |
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Term
What was the difference between the puritans and pilgrims views on church and state?
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Definition
Pilgrims - Church and state should be separate
Puritans - Church and state should be overlapping |
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Term
| In New England, most people followed the views of what man? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the overview of New England? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the main pillar of education in the 1600s |
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Definition
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Term
| In the South, the aristocrats typically educated their children using what two methods? |
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Definition
1. Tutorial System - Personal tutor which gave a high-grade, classical education
2. Apprenticeship |
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Term
| What were the four different types of schools in the South? |
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Definition
1. Charity Schools
2. Old Field Schools - Private Schools
3. SPG - Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts
4. William and Mary - 1693 |
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Term
| Overview of education in the south during the 1600s |
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Definition
| A private family matter which was not a major concern for the majority. |
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Term
| Education in the middle colonies was very diverse, which made it difficult to establish a common ground for education. Four barriers to the educational system were |
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Definition
1. Ethnicity - Various nationalities
2. Religion
3. Demographic - Widespread
4. Socio-political - Wealty vs. Poor |
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Term
| Education in the middle colonies was a matter of |
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Definition
| The church - Diversity led to a variety of schools |
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Term
| What were the two differing schools of the middle colonies? |
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Definition
1. Quaker Schools
2. Dutch Reform Schools
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Term
| Who launched the Education Legislation in the middle colonies to made education part of the colonies? Why didn't this legislation succeed? |
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Definition
| William Penn. It did not succeed because there was too much diversity in the middle colonies. |
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Term
| Whose responsibility was education in New England during the 1600s? |
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Definition
| The civil responsibility of the local government |
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Term
| What were the two primary elementary schools in New England during the 1600s |
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Definition
1. Dame Schools -
2. Reading and Writing Schools
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Term
| What were the three major textbooks used in New England during the 1600s? |
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Definition
1. The hornbook
2. New England Primer
- Longest running textbook in history
3. The Bible |
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Term
| What was the major school for secondary education in New England during the 1600s? |
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Definition
| Latin Grammar School - Prepare young men for universities |
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Term
| What two legislations were passed by the Puritans in New England? |
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Definition
1. Mass. Act of 1642
2. Mass. Act of 1647 - Ole Deluder Satan Act |
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Term
| What was the purpose of the Mass. Act of 1642? |
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Definition
The Mass. Act of 1642 required the teachings of the three "r"s, capital laws, and religion
- First education law in the colonies
- Showed the value placed on education
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Term
| What was the purpose of the Mass. Act of 1647 |
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Definition
- Every 50 families had to hire a tutor
- Every 100 families had to set up a Latin Grammar School
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Term
| What were the five schools, which characterize New England |
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Definition
1. Dame Schools
2. Reading and Writing Schools
3. Latin Grammar Schools
4. Harvard University - 1636
5. Black and Indian Education |
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Term
| What did John Eliot do for the Algonquin Indians? |
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Definition
Reduced their language to a written form and wrote them a Bible in their own language.
- Formed a series of praying hand villages
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Term
| What was the first theme of education - 1600s |
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Definition
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Term
| What period represented a radical return back to Christianity and marked a major turning point in European history? |
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Definition
Reformation - 1517
Refocused attention on God and not on church |
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Term
| Name the three scientists of the enlightenment period and their contributions |
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Definition
1. Copernicus -
2. Galileo
3. Issac Newton
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Term
| What is the learning theory, which states that the mind is a muscle to be worked out? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the three Enlightenment Thinkers who still gave God the glory |
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Definition
1. Rene Descartes
2. Francis Bacon
3. John Lock |
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Term
| Who was the Father of Modern Philosophy |
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Definition
Rene Descartes - Deduction
Start with general and your mind can take you to specific |
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Term
| Who believed in induction, which is based off of your senses? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who believed in empiricism, which states that all knowledge begins with experience? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who developed the Blank Tablet Theory and introduced a treatise on government? |
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Definition
| John Lock - Impressions make a person what they become |
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Term
| Who was the Father of French Enlightenment? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who believed that man's mind is the sole criteria of truth and that chance, not God, rule the universe? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who believed that the Noble Savage epitomizes man at his best? |
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Definition
Rousseau
- Wrote Emile
- Believed that emotions/heart/ and head determine knoweldge
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Term
| Who were the three enlightenment thinkers who made a turn toward radicalism |
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Definition
1. Voltaire
2. Rousseau
3. Pestalozzi |
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Term
| Who believed that experience is the basis of epistemology and promoted Learner Readiness |
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Definition
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Term
| Pestalozzi downplayed what four things? |
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Definition
1. Memorization
2. Verbalization
3. Discipline
4. Reading |
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Term
| What were the five means of communication in the 1700s? |
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Definition
1. Newspaper - 1705
2. Travel
3. Brochure
4. Letters
5. Books |
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Term
| Who wrote Common Sense and believed that man can only know God through science? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the two terms Ben Franklin used for education and what do they mean? |
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Definition
1. Useful - Reading, writing, arithmetic
2. Ornamental - English Classics |
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Term
| What were Benjamin Franklins Three Philisophical Associations? |
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Definition
1. Junto - Meet for discussion
2. American Philisophical Society - Correspond by letters
3. American Philisophical Society for Promotion of Useful Knowledge - Attracted members from all over |
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Term
| What three things/people pushed the Great Awakening? |
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Definition
1. Halfway Covenant - Compromise
2. Frelinghuysen - Preached need for revival
3. William and Gilbert Tennet - Log College |
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Term
| Who preached "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" and became the president of the College of New Jersey? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who rode horseback through the colonies to preach the Gospel, and influenced Ben Franklin and Patrick Henry |
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Definition
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Term
| What were four results of the Great Awakening? |
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Definition
1. Spiritual Results - Sunday School
2. Educational Results - Many colleges founded
3. Religious Freedom - No one mindset
4. Political Freedom - United the colonies |
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Term
| What five colleges were founded as a result of the Great Awakening and what denomination were they? |
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Definition
Princeton - Presbyterian
Brown University - Baptist
Rutgers - Dutch Reformed
Dartmouth - Congregationalist
Columbia - Anglican |
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Term
| Who proposed the Bill for the More General Diffusion of Knowledge" in the South |
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Definition
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Term
| The Bill for the More General Diffusion of Knowledge had three axioms |
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Definition
1. Government should require an educated electorate
2. Education should be political not religious
3. Education should be vested in government |
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Term
| Thomas Jefferson proposed a Three Level system of education in the south during the 1700s. What were those three levels? |
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Definition
1. Three years of tax supported education
2. 20 Latin Grammar Schools for talented yet poor
3. 10 chosen students get full-ride to university |
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Term
| Who was in charge of education in the north during the 1700s? |
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Definition
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Term
| During the 1700s, Massachusetts enacted a comprehensive state school law which stated what two things? |
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Definition
1. Every town has to have a six-month elementary school
2. Every large town had to have a year-round elementary school. |
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Term
| What called for a survey of North-Western territory, which was turned over to the federal government? |
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Definition
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Term
| What set aside the 16th section of surveyed land in the North-West to education? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was an amateur geologist that visited Yverdon? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who did Pestalozzi recommend to come to America to start a school based on Pestalozzi's philosophy? |
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Definition
Joseph Neef
Started first Pestalozzi school in Philadelphia (1805) |
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Term
| Who was considered America's Schoolmaster and Forgotten Founding Father? |
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Definition
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Term
| Noah Webster wrote the Blue-Back Spelled for what reason in the 1700s? |
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Definition
| To Americanize the educational system and specifically spelling. |
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Term
| What was a private affair run by a board of directors, which emphasized the practical instead of the classical? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the theme of education in the 1700s? |
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Definition
| Education for Citizenship |
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