Term
| How were the Romans similar to the Greeks? |
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Definition
| Architecture was similar, same Gods different names, Aeneid instead of the Illiad |
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Term
| What is the story of the Aeneid? |
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Definition
| Main character was a Trojan from the Trojan war, account of his sailing home. He stops at Carthage, and falls in love with the princess, but in the end he leaves her and goes to Latinium. |
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Term
| Story of Romulus and Remus? |
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Definition
Were half gods from the god Mars
Raised by a she wolf
Decide that they want to build a city
Romulus kills Remus
City named after Romulus |
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Term
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Definition
| Sabine was a city that was invited to a party in Rome, and the women were kept there, the men went home to prepare for war and the Sabine women chose to be Roman. |
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Definition
| Senate and the People of Rome |
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Definition
Conservatives
They were a party of Rome that wanted to keep the morals and values high
Cicero was one of the most outspoken voices of the Optimates
They wanted more power to the government |
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Definition
Populares
Wanted to give more rights and privileges to the people
Julius Caesar was a populari |
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Term
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Definition
Never was emperor
Was really rebellious and riotous, had an awakening at 33 when he saw an Alexander the Great statue
Killed by 60 senators
Avenged by Mark Antony
Fought with Pompey over Rome and defeated Pompey |
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Term
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Definition
| Latter 500 years of the 1000 |
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Definition
a.k.a. Octavius
Co-ruled (second trifecta) with Marcus Antonio
Defeated Marcos Antonio
53000 miles of road "all roads lead to Rome" Postal system Standardized currency system Improved harbors Military reported to the emperor |
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Definition
Ruler after Caesar Augustus
Wasn't a bad guy, just wasn't liked nearly as much as Caesar Augustus
Succeeded by Tiberius |
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Definition
a.k.a. Little boots
Became insane – four years after he was crowned, his own body guards put him down for the good of the empire
He killed all of his male relatives for fear that they would kill him. He kills all but Claudius |
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Term
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Definition
Went after Caligula
Lame, stuttered
Agropoena was forced to marry him, so that he could have an heir
She poisoned Claudius so that her son, Nero could reign
She was Claudius’ cousin |
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Definition
Went after Claudius (Julio-Claudian)
Was a boy when he started to reign
Murdered people when he dressed up as a peasant for fun
Killed his mother
His guards killed him |
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Term
| Year of the four emperors |
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Definition
| There was a civil war in this year |
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Term
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Definition
| last great expansionary period |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 3rd Century of Roman Empire |
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Definition
| dark, 48 emperors/claimants/usurpers were killed |
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Term
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Definition
After 3rd Century dark period
Split Roman Empire into two halves, east and west.
East was Greek speaking
West was Latin speaking
Gave himself the east, which had a greater population and fewer problems
Diocletian and the other emperor retired at the same time causing wars for the emperorship
Maximilian was emperor of the west |
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Term
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Definition
Emperor to go after Diocletian, out of 13 who battled for the emperorship, he won because he told his men that God had told him that they would win
Made Christianity the favored religion NOT THE OFFICIAL ONE
Holds the Council of Nicea (Nicean creed) |
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Term
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Definition
Vandals and Ostrogoths destroy the western capitals (the Germans) including Rome and Ravenna.
Julian the Apostate was only emperor that wasn't Christian
Theodosius I made Christianity the official religion |
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Term
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Definition
| Eastern half of the Roman empire, based out of Constantinople, which was named the capital of the East after Constantine. |
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Definition
Put in place by the Goths to rule Rome
Roman traditions were kept in his reign
Went into dark ages after Theodoric |
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Term
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Definition
Uses Belisaurius to re-conquer Rome after the death of Theodoric, Ravenna was sieged by Belisaurius as well, but Justinian doesn't loses trust in Belisaurius and pulls him from Italy, thus losing control of Italy
Married the harlot Theodora
Re-writes the legal code
Nike revolt almost unseats him from the throne |
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Term
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Definition
Roman general who, under Justinian's reign took back Rome and Ravenna.
Did something to lose the emperor's trust |
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Term
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Definition
A harlot who "slept her way to the top"
Justinian marries her and erases her past record by naming her co-empress |
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Term
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Definition
This started at a chariot race, and it was a big riot that ended in Justinian being forced to leave the city. He doesn’t leave, but meets with the “revolters” which stopped the rioting. They met at the Hippodrome, with approx. 28000 people. He tricked them, and the soldiers locked the doors and slaughtered everyone in the Hippodrome
There were no more revolts after that |
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Term
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Definition
The emperor that had the great argument with the pope about worshiping idols. He ordered all of the icons in the east to be destroyed and all of the statues in the west to be destroyed
With the pope disagreeing, this started the separation of the two churches, the pope's being the Roman Catholic and the east emperor's being the Greek Orthodox |
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Term
| What caused the byzantine empire to dwindle? |
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Definition
Invasions from the Magyars (Hungary and Romania) and from the Normans (Sicily and southern Italy)
The Crusades, because Constantinople was the starting point for the Crusades
Christians actually sacked and took over Constantinople
The Black Plague |
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Term
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Definition
"Islam" (surrender to Allah) is the actual religion
"Muslim" is a believer of the Islamic religion |
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Term
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Definition
| Ethnic group, not all Arabs are Muslims. Most are however |
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Term
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Definition
His uncle was the head of the largest tribe of Mecca (this is important because by fate, Mohammed is chosen to choose who would be the rulers of Mecca)
Believed that he was visited by Gabriel, and started a religion. He left Mecca and went to Yathrib, which was almost entirely converted
They return to Mecca, and camp outside. The people of Mecca come to attack, and Mohammed takes over Mecca. Destroys idols in Mecca and changes Ka'ba to a Mosque
Dies shortly after conquest of Mecca |
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Term
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Definition
Believe that they are the same religion as Abraham because Mohammed was visited by Gabriel
Started by Mohammed
Use warfare to spread religion |
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Term
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Definition
Belief in Allah and Mohammed as his prophet
Pray 5 times daily, facing Mecca, at set times of the day, reciting a prayer
Pay alms of 2.5% of income
Fast every day while the sun is up during month of Ramadan
Once in you lifetime, you need to go to Haj or make the pilgrimage to Mecca |
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Term
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Definition
Means suffering or struggle
Can be personal or national
Personal is like repentance
National Jihad only following three laws-
To draw closer to God
People (all Islam) must unite in war to follow Allah's will
Must not kill innocent |
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Term
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Definition
Washing before prayer
Simple prayer (5-10 minutes)
Prayer recites the glories of God
Friday noon prayer done at Mosque with men kneeling, women standing behind and a leader saying a talk
Dress and modesty - all men and women must be modest (sometimes governments enforce modesty)
It is only between you and God. Nobody will look over your shoulder to make sure that you are paying alms, there's no clergy or hierarchy |
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Term
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Definition
This division occurred when Mohammed died
Shi'ites believe that the next successor had to be a blood relative
Sunnis believe that the next leader could be any wise man, elected by the people |
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Definition
Military dynasty
Borders were expanded |
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Term
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Definition
| GOLDEN AGE OF ISLAM when Europe was having their dark age |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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3 kings to rule Rome
Julius Caesar
Pompey (top military general)
Crassus |
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Term
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Definition
| Astronomy, geography, optics |
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Term
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Definition
Methods in modern medicine (like Hippocrates)
Purpose of organs
Medical and mental health
Diagnosis |
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Term
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Definition
Secret knowledge only known by a few
Intellectuals and occult/magic
Matter is the source of all evil
Non-orthodox church |
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Term
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Definition
Made Nicene Christianity the state official religion, heresy was a state crime
Catholic church was made the official church |
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Term
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Definition
Said that Christ was consubstantial with God
First to prescribe the 27 books of the New Testament that are in use today, 367 a.d. |
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Term
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Definition
| Advocated that Christ was of a different but similar substance to God |
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Definition
all bishops must give allegiance to the bishop of Rome
National churches separated from Rome |
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Term
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Definition
adopted/rejected Manichaeanism
Disciple of St. Ambrose
Bishop in Africa (Hippo)
Wrote Confessions and City of God |
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Term
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Definition
First all-emcompassing history of the world
Defended Christian church
Explained why God let Rome be sacked |
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