Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a group of languages that stem from a common language
this doesnt mean that they are alike |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| versions of the same language |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stories, prayers, songs, that portray their beliefs, traditions, customs, and values, all in word of mouth through generations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the perspective from which one sees the world. these are shaped by experiences that one has |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relating to the mind, body, emotions, and spiritiuality. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a situation in which everyone agrees on a decision. |
|
|
Term
| the first people include: |
|
Definition
metis and inuit.
metis are made up of inuit and french people |
|
|
Term
| how did they structure their world? |
|
Definition
| traditional cultures and oral histories are a part of canadas past, present, and future. |
|
|
Term
| why did culture groups cross borders |
|
Definition
| because they werent up at that time and people lived according to similar geography. |
|
|
Term
how many languages did they speak?
how many language families? |
|
Definition
50 languages
12 language families |
|
|
Term
| what were their approaches to living appropriate for? |
|
Definition
community and territory
people on plains ate bison, canoed,
northwest people lived on coast and ate fish. so they had heavier dugout boats because they lived in one place. |
|
|
Term
| how many languages will become extinct? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where do explanations of the origins of the first people come from? |
|
Definition
| archaology, anthropology, genetics, linguistics, and hearsay, or oral tradition. |
|
|
Term
| what do creation stories tell? |
|
Definition
| beginning of a world or community and reflect environment show indigenity. |
|
|
Term
| what are creation stories for |
|
Definition
| give identity, purpose, ceremonies, belieif, provide understanding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the land bridge theory? what are the other two names for it? |
|
Definition
clovis fist theory-- and the beringion theory
during the last ice age, the bering straight was above water and made migration possible
but-remains of people were found before people would have used this method to migrate.
25000 -1200 years ago |
|
|
Term
| what is the other theory? |
|
Definition
| crossed the berring straight by boat and landed at the costline. but ocean trvelling would have been impossible with their technology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| migrated to the americas from western europe by traveling on the edge of the atlantic icecap and hunting game |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
NGS launched a genographic project- to try to map historical migration by collecting and analyzing DNA.
so far, dna suggestswe descended from africa 60000 years ago |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
set of beliefs or assumptions about the world and how it works. it is changed and shaped by the experiences we have.
HP is trying to undertand something from someoene elses world view |
|
|
Term
| explain aboriginal spirituality |
|
Definition
undrestanding his/her relationship with the universe
- everything is connected
- balance and harmony (of self+ the world)
- spiritual, mental, emotional, and physical harmony is important |
|
|
Term
| what kind of relationship did first people have with their land. how did this differ from europeans |
|
Definition
first nations were care takers
europeans were masters. they owned it |
|
|
Term
| what is the main difference between first peoples and engllish/french languages? |
|
Definition
FN was verb based-motion, energy, change
EU- descrete objects and divisions, nouns |
|
|
Term
| what characteristics are valued? what was most important? why? |
|
Definition
sharing, autonomy, cooperation, diversity
sharing was most important because wealth was redistributable and provided the best chance of survival |
|
|
Term
| what is oral tradition portraying, and what is it used for? |
|
Definition
portrays the values and beliefs
but it is also used for entertainment, education, .
some stories could only be told by certain people because they were sacred |
|
|
Term
| kinship commuinities. why did they live this way? |
|
Definition
| a genealogical connection between people. they lived this way because it was easier to hunt and take care of a small amount of people |
|
|
Term
| what was the basic social group? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| common ansestry,.. could be human or animal |
|
|
Term
| what kind of clans were there |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what were the constraints on community sie |
|
Definition
depended on availability of resources
it couldnt be too small, -- starvation
it couldnt be to big-- overhunt and starvation
except by water |
|
|
Term
| what did the traditional education teach? |
|
Definition
| what is expected of thema nd a to acquire a worldview to fit into society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
taught and mentored by the whole community
could also be taught by dreams or visions. at a certain age they were sent out on their own until they had a revelation
story telling(bout making the right decisions.) |
|
|
Term
| what were they taught about? |
|
Definition
| spirituality, history, practical skills |
|
|
Term
| what is a holistic education? |
|
Definition
| mental physical, emotional, spiritual. they wanted these to be in harmony |
|
|
Term
| what were some tactics in preserving justice? |
|
Definition
-humor and shaming in publoice,
-solved by sharing perspectives to understand eachother.
-the goal wasnt punishment but harmony and restoration.
- hunting was the most serious crime
the sayisi dene
and the inuit would both shun people for commiting crimes over and over again. |
|
|
Term
| what was the governance like? |
|
Definition
community discussion and concensus.
they self governed because it provided harmony |
|
|
Term
| how were community leaders chosen. what was responsibility like? |
|
Definition
leaders were usually from within the family. as long as they had support from the people they were good.
leaders may have often changed depending on the circumstances(hunting season, fishing season)
Inuit -- responsibility was placed on everyones shoulders because often the decsions made had life or death consequences |
|
|
Term
| what were some things they traded? the forks |
|
Definition
arrow heads, plants, animals, furs, rocks, supplies, tools
the forks was a good place to trade because the rivers made it easy access, and it was used for 6000 years |
|
|
Term
| how were replationships maintained or acquired? or fixed/ |
|
Definition
gifts, celerbrations, marriage, adoption, cerimonies, and gatherings.
they did this instead of war..
accomodation is better! |
|
|
