Term
| 14. Explain the impact of the Agricultural Revolution in Enland in the late 1700's. |
|
Definition
They mixed different soils for higher crops, and rotated them. They made larger fields that could be cultivated more easily.
-Profits rose
-Population grew rapidly |
|
|
Term
| 15. Describe the impact of the Irish potato famine. |
|
Definition
| A disease hit the potatoes (Irish main food source), and the British were still exporting the rest of the crops, leaving the Irish virtually nothing. 1 million died in the 4 years of the famine. |
|
|
Term
| 16. Reasons for Mass Migrations. |
|
Definition
1. Religion
2. Deportation
3. Work |
|
|
Term
| 17. How did the Opium Wars affect the relationship between the western powers and China? |
|
Definition
| Western powers squeezed China to win additional rights (opening more trading ports and letting Christian missionaries preach in China.) |
|
|
Term
| 18. What were the results of Commodore Matthew Perry's expeditions to Japan? |
|
Definition
| He opened trade between US and Japan adn other rights. Formed an alliance. |
|
|
Term
| 19. Significance of Karl Mark and his beliefs. |
|
Definition
He came up with Communism.
Thought capitalism meant prosperity for few, and poverty for many. |
|
|
Term
| 20. Laissez-Faire Capitalism. |
|
Definition
| Government should not interfere. "Hands off" |
|
|
Term
| 21. Railroad importance in the Industrial revolution. |
|
Definition
| Transportation, Increase of trade, Travel time. |
|
|
Term
| 22. Spheres of influence. Where did the European nations use the Spheres? |
|
Definition
An area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading priviledges.
-China and elsewhere to prevent conflicts. |
|
|
Term
| 23. What was the result of the Meiji Restoration on Japan? |
|
Definition
| Modernized rapidly, and brought them economically up to the US so that they were strong enough to compete. |
|
|
Term
| 24. Nationalism. How is it a unifying and divisive force? |
|
Definition
Feeling of pride and devotion to ones country.
-It can unify the country so that they are willing to fight other countries.
-It can divide if two different groups have different ideas on what is best for the country. |
|
|
Term
| 25. Nationalism as a Unifying force. |
|
Definition
-Demanding of a unified German state from the French.
-Encourage modernization. |
|
|
Term
| 25. Nationalism as a Divisive force. |
|
Definition
-Contribute to tensions.
-Demands cause friction. |
|
|
Term
26. Otto Van Bismark.
Giuseppe Garibaldi.
What do they have in common? |
|
Definition
-(Prime minister of Germany) Had the enthusiasm to unite Germany.
-Was the cause of the Unity of Italy.
-They both united a country. |
|
|
Term
| 27. Why did the Intustrial Revolution begin in England? |
|
Definition
-Britain had the natural resources.
-They had a large number of workers.
-They were the center of the Scientific revolution
-Demand grew. |
|
|
Term
| 28.Social Reforms: Britain, France, and Germany (WEST) |
|
Definition
-Rich entrepreneurs married into Noble families, gaining the title and helping them sustain their lifestyles. There was upper middle class, lower middle class (who could barely keep up), and then the workers and peasants.
-Rights for women.
-Public Eduation.
-Growth of Education. |
|
|
Term
| 29. What is Social Darwinism? |
|
Definition
Survival of the fittest. People took Darwins idea's and related it to humans.
-Supported racism. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The domination by one country of the political, economical, or cultural life of another country or region. |
|
|
Term
| 31. South Africa's reation to imperialism. |
|
Definition
-Went to war because of the gold adn diamonds found in teh British section of Africa.
-Revolt. |
|
|
Term
| 31. India's reaction to imperialism. |
|
Definition
-Angry at laws, and resented British.
-Brought together a nationalistic movement. |
|
|
Term
| 31. China's reactions to imperialism. |
|
Definition
| -Brought together the "boxers" whose goal was to et rid of the foreign devils. |
|
|
Term
| 32. What new nations in Europe were formed after WW1? |
|
Definition
| Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czechoslovakia. |
|
|
Term
| 33. Why was the Balkan Peninsula known as the "powder keg of Europe"? |
|
Definition
| Brief Balkan wars on other countries led to many tensions. A small spark could lead to a huge explosion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Warring armies burrowed into huge trenches. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nuclear weapondry caused to explode on the opponent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 35. Interdependence. Example of how it affects the world economy? |
|
Definition
The dependence of countries of goods, resources, and knowledge from other parts of the world.
-Helps stop disease faster, and protect other countries in the "pack". |
|
|
Term
| 36. What conditions allowed for the rise of totalitarian dictatorships in the period between WW1 and WW2? |
|
Definition
1. Hitler's rise to power.
2. Great Depression.
3. Nazi Party Headquarters. |
|
|
Term
| 37. Name 3 totalitarian dictators and the country they led. |
|
Definition
1. Stalin-Russia
2. Hitler-Germany
3. Mussolini-Italy |
|
|
Term
| 38. Aggressive actions of Japan during WW1 and WW2? |
|
Definition
| Japan captured Manchuria. |
|
|
Term
| 38. Agression of Italy between WW1 and WW2? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 38. Agression of Germany between WW1 and WW2? |
|
Definition
-Hitler built up military (against Verailles treaty).
-Invasion of Austria |
|
|
Term
| 39. How did the League of Nations react to the actions of aggression? |
|
Definition
| They went with appeasement, just to avoid conflict. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Giving into an agressor in order to avoid conflict. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glorification of the Military. |
|
|
Term
42. Genocide?
Application to WW2? |
|
Definition
-Killing of a certain group, usually ethnic.
-Hitlers genocide of the Jews. |
|
|
Term
| 43. Vladimir Lenin and his significance? |
|
Definition
Lenin brought communism to Russia.
-He tried to make everyone equal by getting rid of titles, got rid of religion. |
|
|
Term
| 44. Who led the Bolshevik revolution in Russia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 45. What was Lenin's NEP? |
|
Definition
(New Economic Policy)
-Allowed small businesses to reopen for private profit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stalin's way of industrializing Russia. It did modernize, at the expense of millions dying from forced labor and work. In some ways he even surpassed Europe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Stalin took peasants and collected them together and put them on giant factory farms to produce more goods. The government took the goods and sold them to Europe.
-In the Ukraine, 5 million died in one year. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Stalin took people he thought were a threat to himself, and he killed them.
-Mostly educated people, top military, and those who helped Lenin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-From India
-He led the Salt March and peace rallies all over India. He didn't fight back. |
|
|
Term
48. What is civil disobedience?
How and Why did Gandhi use it? |
|
Definition
The refusal to obey unjust laws.
-He fought for equal rights of all Indians, women, as well as men. |
|
|
Term
| 49. What was the Balfour Declaration? |
|
Definition
| Britain helping the Jews have their own country. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| He was a turk who helped modernize Turkey. |
|
|
Term
| 51. How did the use of the atomic bomb affect the people of Hiroshima and Nagasaki? |
|
Definition
Hiroshima: 70,000 died. After the bombing, many mroe died from radiation.
Nagasaki: Killed 40,000. The last time nuclear bombs were used. |
|
|
Term
52. Total warfare?
Examples from WW2. |
|
Definition
Nations entire resources into a war effort.
-Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
-Germany vs. Soviet Union. |
|
|
Term
| 53. Why were the communists successful in China? |
|
Definition
| Support of the peasants, and women. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Military allicance.
-Canada, US, and 9 western European countries. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A counter military alliance to NATO.
-USSR, and 7 other satelite states in eastern Europe. |
|
|
Term
| 55. How was the city of Berlin affected by the Cold war? |
|
Definition
| Berlin split into East (Communist) and West (Democratic). A wall was built between these two areas to keep the Eastern Berliners from going into the more prosperous West Berlin. |
|
|
Term
| 56. What were some specific programs that the US did in response to the threat of the Soviet Union during the Cold War? |
|
Definition
Marshall Plan: We funnelled food and economic assistance to Europe to help the countries rebuild.
Berlin Airlift: For almost a year, cargo planes supplied Western Berliners with food and fuel because the SU was trying to stave them out. |
|
|
Term
| 57. Name some ways that the Cold War was taken into outer space. |
|
Definition
| The Soviet Union launched Sputnik into space, and the US had the first man walk on the moon. Other European nations started launching their own satellites into space and used them for peaceful purposes such as tracking weather. |
|
|
Term
| 58. How were Vietnam and Korea split during the Cold War? |
|
Definition
KOREA: American and Soviet forces agreed on the temporary division of Korea. South=US North=SU
VIETNAM: Western and communist powers agreed to temorarily divide Vietnam. South=US North=Communists. Elections were suppost to take place to rejoin the 2, but never did because West feared Comm. might win. |
|
|
Term
| 59. How did the end of the Cold war affect Berlin and the Soviet Union differently? |
|
Definition
Soviet Union: Broke apart.
Berlin: Unified. |
|
|
Term
| 59. How did the end of the Cold war affect Eastern Europe? |
|
Definition
| Won independence. Ethnic tensions increased. Yugoslavia broke apart. |
|
|
Term
| 60. How was Mikhail Gorbachev important in ending the Cold war? |
|
Definition
| He instituted Glasnost and Perestroika. |
|
|
Term
| 61. Who was Nelson Mandela and what was his role in ending apartheid (extreme segregation) in South Africa? |
|
Definition
He was the first democratically elected president of Southern Africa.
-He campaigned for the repeal of discriminatory laws, led anti-apartheid organizations and movements, and the Defiance Campaign that included nonviolent civil disobedience and underground fighting. |
|
|
Term
| 62. What are the main differences/causes of conflict between Pakistan and India? |
|
Definition
Hindus in India, Muslims in Pakistan.
-Unfair borders. |
|
|
Term
| 63. What are the main reasons that Israel is in conflict with the Palestinians/Arabs in the area? |
|
Definition
| The ews believe God gave them the land, but the Romans kicked them out and the Muslims (Palestinians) moved in. When Jews got their own country, they took over the Gaza Strip and West bank. |
|
|
Term
| 64. What are some causes for the increase in the world population over the last 100 years? |
|
Definition
| Better medical care, and increased food supplies. (Reducing death rate.) |
|
|
Term
| 65. Why was the state of Isreal established after WW2? |
|
Definition
| The world had sympathy for the Jews for getting kicked out of the land and the British said they would help them get their own country. The UN then declared Isreal a Jewish country. |
|
|
Term
| 66. What are some of the major geographical features that have influenced South American economic and political developement? |
|
Definition
| Land was opened up for irrigation and farming. Tropical Rainforests (deforestation). |
|
|
Term
| 67. Russia needs and has traditionally sought access to what kind of geographical feature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 68. How was the role of NATO changed since the end of the Cold war? |
|
Definition
| To guarantee the security and territorial integrity of member states. |
|
|
Term
| 69. What are the economic goals of the European Union? |
|
Definition
| Complete economic unity, a single currency, and greater political unity. |
|
|
Term
| 70. What region in the world exports the greatest about of oil? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 71. What are some components of the United Nations? |
|
Definition
-International Court of Justice.
-World Health Organization.
-World Bank.
-International Montary Fund. |
|
|
Term
| 72. What are some of the problems facing developing nations today? |
|
Definition
1. Geography
2. Population and Poverty
3. Economics and Politics
4. Global Environmental Challenges |
|
|
Term
| 73. How has the Islamic fundamentalism influenced and impacted modern societies? |
|
Definition
| The return of wearing the hejab, people justified terrorist acts, and women had severe limits on their lives. |
|
|
Term
| 74. What was the impact, or role of, interdependence and modern technology on the global economy? |
|
Definition
| A computer revolution, more able to map weather, droughts, and plagues because of satelites, medical breakthroughs, westernized cultures, and the arts. |
|
|
Term
| 75. How has the Suez Canal and Panama Canal influenced world trade patterns? |
|
Definition
SUEZ CANAL: Egypt was increasingly under foreign control, and it allowed for quick access to other lands.
PANAMA CANAL: Allowed for American fleet to move between Atlantic and Pacific oceans. It boosted American trade and shipping worldwide. |
|
|
Term
| 76. What impact does OPEC have on the global economy? |
|
Definition
| (Organization of Petroleum, Exporting Countries.) Can halt oil exports and raise prices which set of shock waves in the industrial revolution. Many nations depend on the OPEC to fuel industries and transportation. |
|
|
Term
| 77. Positive and Negative examples of the impact modernization has had on traditional societies. |
|
Definition
POSITIVE: Equal access to education, pay, work, and increase in technology,
NEGATIVE: Drugs and crime, lack of running water and sewage in cities with many people, stress and isolation, and increasing divorce rates. |
|
|
Term
| 78. Examples of genocide being used as a political and/or military strategy in the modern world. |
|
Definition
Nazi's captured the Jews to kill.
Genocide of Armenians.
Rwanda.
Bulkans. |
|
|
Term
| 79. How have nuclear weapons influenced Pakistan-India relations? |
|
Definition
| India tested it's nuclear weapons, and Pakistan felt threatened. Now both deny having any. |
|
|
Term
| 80. What role does the international community play in stopping genocide? |
|
Definition
| Other countries have to slip in to stop it. Work together has a whole to get the job done in stopping the genocide. |
|
|
Term
| 81. How has the growth of nuclear proliferation affected global politics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 82. What is/has been the role of the UN regarding ethnic conflics? |
|
Definition
| The UN sends peacekeepers to nations to protect ethnic persecution. Some cases the UN has had to withdraw because of dying troops. |
|
|
Term
| 83. How have ethnic and religious conflicts in Northern Ireland, the Middle East, and the Balkans impacted those regions? |
|
Definition
NORTHERN IRELAND: The Irish in poverty campaigned for freedom from Britain, and the British gave the Irish Catholics the right to vote and hold political office.
MIDDLE EAST: Palestinians in Gaza and West Bank got limited self-rule.
BALKANS: They were the Powder-keg, and would start war at any time tensions rose too high. |
|
|
Term
| 84. What policital animal was the bear? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 85. What are 3 former soviet satelite countries? |
|
Definition
| Poland, Romania, Turkey, E. Germany, Hungary. |
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