Term
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Definition
| Devotion and loyalty to one's country. |
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Term
| What were some of the reasons that led the United States to begin Industrialization? |
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Definition
-Natural Resources (Coal, Iron)
-Conflict with Britain (Britain stopped shipping goods) |
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Term
| What were some of the factors that helped America in being a global power? |
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Definition
1) Expansion to the west
--Spreading values and calling for democracy, "Manifest Destiny."
2) Population Growth
--Immigration, more labour force needed for development, and ethnic diversity.
3) Urban Growth
--Positive: Industries, more places to work
--Negative: Agriculture replaced by industries - more wealth |
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Term
| What were some of the causes of the French revolution? |
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Definition
-Enlightenment called for new ideas and advances in technology and science - philosophers pushed for change
-Third estate, who made up 98% of population, neglected and ignored.
-Only third estate paid taxes
-King Louis and Marie Antoinette neglected country
-France was in debt due to helping American revolution |
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Term
| Describe the course of the French Revolution. |
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Definition
-Third estate went to the Bastille prison and took up weapons
-General assembly between all three estates, yet third estate still ignored
-New Constitution and King Louis running away
-Napoleon took over |
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Term
| What were the main reasons the world was interested in taking over lands in Africa? |
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Definition
-Shorter, cheaper, easier trade routes
-New advances in technology (medicine and transportation) allowed access to Africa
-Gold wealth (prestige)
-Competition with other nations, fighting for global power
-Exploration
-Spread of Christianity
-To create an empire (Imperialism) |
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Term
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Definition
| The Kongo was a tribe in Congo who were the first to have connections with Europeans, specifically the Portuguese (1483). They had a kingdom with democratic elections, and women had more power than men. Polygamy was allowed, but adultery wasn't. They traded with other neighboring tribes, although they also went to war and took prisoners. |
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Term
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Definition
| The Mongo was a tribe in Congo which divided its region into villages. It had 100-400 inhabitants in each, and they were run by a village chief. Jobs were based on location, river => fishing, land => agriculture |
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Term
| What was the Monroe Doctrine? |
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Definition
| The Monroe Doctrine was a policy stating that the United States would oppose any European efforts to re-colonize newly independent Latin American countries. It allowed the United States to become the dominant power in the region. |
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Term
| Outline the course of the German Unification |
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Definition
| Otto Von Bismarck, the Prussian prime minister, built an army and won wars against Denmark and Austria. The victories gave Prussia new territory. He then waged war against France, and the southern German states joined in with them, so that after their quick victory, all of the German states, except Austria, had become united as Germany. |
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Term
| Outline the course of the Italian unification. |
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Definition
| Italy was divided into separate states. When Camillo di Cavour became prime minister of Sardinia, he modernized their army and formed alliances. They fought a war that pushed Austria from the North. Giuseppe Garibaldi in the south gathered followers and overthrew the government in Sicily. Garibaldi and Cavour then merged their lands together. Italy became united, and eventually named Rome its capital. |
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Term
| Describe the lives of working children in the period of the Industrial Revolution. |
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Definition
| Children as young as six worked long hard hours, up to 19 a day with only a one hour break. Injuries and deaths were common due to the large machinery. They were paid little, and punished for being late or not working properly. One such punishment included tying a heavy weight to a worker's neck and having them walk up and down the factory isles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Wahabbism is a conservative sect of Islam proclaiming that there is one and only one God. In Wahabbism, praying anyone/thing other than God is 'shirk' (or a sin). Wahabbism surfaced around the mid-1700's - early 1800's. Their way of spreading the religion included killing non-believers and burning the tombs of dead people who people prayed to. |
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Term
| Who is Muhammad Ibn Al Wahhab, and what did he do? |
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Definition
| Ibn Al Wahhab was the son of a Judge, and a very religious man. His religious ideas contradicted not only his father's, but also his region, so travelled all over Arabia attempting to get his thoughts heard. He eventually convinced a leader with political power called Ibn Saud, with whom he declared 'jihad' against all who deviated from Ibn Al Wahhab's understanding of the Tawhid. This religion was Wahhabism |
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Term
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Definition
| The 'Tawhid' is a book written by Muhammad Ibn Al Wahhab for his religion which features uncommented quotes from Prophet Muhammad (hadith) arranged in 67 chapters. |
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Term
| Outline the course of Wahhabism. |
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Definition
| After Ibn Al Wahhab convinced Ibn Al Saud of his ways, they waged 'jihad' together against non-believers and for the next 15 years conquered large portions of Arabia. Ibn Saud died in 1766, but Ibn Al Wahhab continued with his successor Abd al Aziz. After Ibn Al Wahhab's death they continued to spread Wahhabism, killing non-believers and destroying tombs. All the tombs anyone related to the prophet were destroyed. Eventually, the Ottomans got involved because they were the guardians of Sunni Islam, so they pushed the Saudi's back to Najd, and many Saudi Wahhabi's were publicly executed incluided 2 of the grandsons of Ibn Al Wahhab. |
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Term
| Summarize the effects of the Industrial Revolution. |
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Definition
-Urban growth, population increase, over-population lead to disease, bad working conditions and more crime
-Air and water pollution
-Agriculture taken over by industries
-Creation of a middle class
-Advancements in medicine, transportation, weaponry
-Immigration increase (more diversity)
-Increased child labour
-Imperialism and more colonization
-Nationalism (WWI, German and Italian Unification) |
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Term
| When was the Industrial Revolution? |
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Definition
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Term
| What caused the declinaation of the Ottoman Empire? |
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Definition
-Weak Sultans
-Only concerned about wealth
-Many nations within Empire revolting to reach Independence
-Ottomans resisting of rebellions caused a lot of money |
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Term
| What happened during the course of the Scramble for Africa? |
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Definition
-Risk of war among great powers
-Conference of Berlin
-More European nations began slave and ivory trade
-King Leopold wanted Congo for private property |
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Term
| What was the Conference of Berlin and when did it occur? |
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Definition
| It occured in 1884-1885. It was targeted at spreading the three C's (Christianity, Commerce and Civilization). It also set rules for colonization, inculding which countries would be entitled for colonization by specific countries. THey reinforced better treatment of Africans, and protection of areas. |
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