Came after the V-! bomb which could be directed but could also be stopped

The V-2 could not be stopped - the Radar could give a 5 minute warning but that's all - they were built by slave laborers 

Anglesey - the first modern artificial leg made with joints instead of just a peg leg - in Britain it was common and every British man was meant to have one

In Kenya, only multiple amputees or those "accustomed to wearing shoes" were given anglesey legs

In the US these advanced artificial limbs were a priority so that wounded soldiers could be whole again and be true men

It prohibits the act of war by the state

The US made the constitution for Japan and set it up so that they could not wage war, but then became responsible for protecting it

Used to treat malaria during WWII - 

the disease is spread by mosquitos - the disease is essentially a parasite that infects red blood cells - IG Farben produces these drugs

Atlantic Charter

A bomber plane used by the US air force during WWII

The largest plane in use at the time - primarily for use of firebombing Japan

Waseda University - had a team in Japan 

Manzanar - the camp that the US government sent Japanese American to live in - resisted hardship by playing baseball

World Series (1944) - the quality of playing diminished, players who stayed were booed, racial segregations still in place

also known as shell shock, lack of moral fiber, etc.

Cat scans show that there are structural changes to the brain

Africans "ran amuck": racial segregation coupled with combat stress led them to act out aggressively

Symptoms: paralysis, strange moods, violence, self mutilation, failure to take malaria drugs (so they could get sick and get a break)

Rehabilitation centers were created but only to let them rest no other help besides electroshock thereapy

rationing led to the creation of a black market in counties that were effected 

US was wary of rationing due to the black market that came about during prohibition 

they were seen as collaboration: "every bootleg tire helps the japs"

The Bretton Woods Conference brought about:

International Monetary fund - an ordelry and stable bank

The World bank was created

The UN - a direct descendant of the allies

The Atlantic Charter - it was put in the declaration of the UN - no colonial subjects were included 

As Germany began to lose the war, their foreign SS men continued fighting and protecting Hitler - the French Charlemagne fought to the end

They were volunteers

there is an inherent struggle between capitalist and communist societites - be patient and isolate the Soviets

George Kennan

A british system - merchant ships travel in packs of 30 to 70

Armed warships could destroy a convoy

Often protected by battleships

DDT - discovered in the late 19th century by a Swiss company - spent years finding a clothes moth repellant 

Paul Herman Miller won the Nobel prize for developing DDT - had much more staying power than the previously used chrysanthemums as insecticides 

DDT was used to kill ticks and got rid of typhus

The longterm side-effects were not as bad as the short-term advantages were good

DDT infected the enviornment - bad for the food chain, birds, and fishermen

After the war, Germans were forced to acknowledge the Holocaust 

Industrial Reparations for the USSR

Reviewed missions of cases of Nazis

Stripped East Germany of its industrial base

The UN created the UNRAA - dealt with displaced persons - people without nations

Citizens of nations that no longer existed, German Jews and Polish Jews

Displaced persons camps were created in Germany and they were fed better than normal Germans - there was a high birthrate in the camps

They sent as many displaced people as possible to Palestine

Written by Aaron Copland, a Jewish person raised in Brooklyn by Polish Jews

A great American composer who wrote the song on commissioned - demonstrates how the US emphasized the importance of the citizen

Also known as the Servicemen's Bill of Rights

Provided a college education for returning veterans

Before the US got involved in the war they were giving things to the allied nations without payment

Made them responsible for goods not just for their own country, but for the rest of the allied world 

Under the new restored France they wanted to punish women who were all suspect unless they were active members of the resistance 

The liberation was a masculine redemption

They shaved the women's heads despite there being no legal basis for it - wanted to humiliate them

The prostitutes did not get their heads shaved because it was a profession

They were subjected to humiliating interrogations and medical inspections

A song by Marlene Dietrich

She was a German singer who moved to Hollywood

Both sides in Africa were listening to it because it captures the heartache of soldiers missing a woman

A plant once allowed to dump the waste into the city - a huge environmental scandal

Workers killed the filters with their bare hands - many got cancer

The code name given to the project of developing nuclear weapons 

"Big Science" - term coined by Vannevar Bush - we would bring together management skills with scientific expertise to make big jumps in technological learning

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Restoration: de Gaulle wanted to make it like the occupation never happened - he made it so that he was in control, though he was competing with the British and the Americans to take power as well as other frenchmen, specifically communists

Make it seem like white Frenchmen won the country back for everyone

purge of communism and nazis 

women were blamed and punished

nazis were punished

The Japanese attempted to regulate dance halls,

put pressure on Japanese musicians to play patriotic music, record companies agreed to not produce jazz

attempts didn't work and the government was unable to shut down jazz

The US was once the major exporter of oil and our society depends on having oil accessible 

The Japanese were particularly vulnerable - they studied how Germany coped with a blockade during WWI

US began cutting off Japan's oil slowly and finally froze Japanese assets because other attempts werent working

Germany tried to capture oil fields but only got one small one  - they were forced to create synthetic oil which had heavily fortified factories which were spread out and hard to destroy

IG Farben created synthetic oil with free labor

Germans Targeted oil tankers going to Britain

invented by Alexander Fleming, the beginnings of development were before the war

Penicillin was originally not considered for mass production because it was unstable, but it was later made possible

suburb of Berlin, the conference came after the Yalta conference

it redrew the borders of Europe

ideas for radar predated the war

It was used to detect airplanes and submarines

Having advanced radar helped the British win the war

assuption that the free market will no longer work in a wartime economy because the rich would monopolize scarce goods and first come first serve would lead to riots

Government was wary of rationing because of prohibition

America had ration books while Britain had ration points for food and clothes

used abroad by Germans in France and other occupied countries that made it so that the country's governements and citizens ended up paying for everything

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a white middle class woman who TEMPORARILY left  her domestic obligations and would soon go back after the war was over - in reality most factory women were black and already working class

Authorities wanted to make sure that the temporary conditions did not change their femininity  - put makeup stations in the factory

Before the war, it came from trees and mostly from Southeast Asia

It was used in the military for tired and rafts

The obvious answer to the demand was to create synthetic rubber - technology was available before the war but not necessary to pursue 

Brazil began to manufacture it with US aid and money for development 

Developed by the British - no longer bombing to hit a target just trying to set a whole city on fire

(Dresden) - it brought up the question of ethics and morality since so many citizens were affected

Spiced ham - it required no refigeration

It was introduced as a "miracle meat"

They worried that there would be a backlash from the soldiers and sales would decrease but the soldiers bought it as a nostalgic food after the war

It was so oily it could be used as a gun lubricant or gas in the cockpit

It could be traded for sex and information

when a citizens lends the government money for the duration of the war

Targeted at middle class and poor people - it was voluntary savings (in the UK it was not voluntary)

people could chose to take 10% pay cuts to go towards war bonds

it helped avoid a post-war depression

They decided to move the border - it became the same as the in the Nazi-Soviet pact, but the Eastern boarder moved so they took more parts of Germany

The London Government in exile for the Poles had all the candidates executed

There was eventually an election which was just a puppet government for the sSoviet Union

Represented the friction that came to violence between Latin American Youths and American Sailors

Reflected those who served, risked their lives, had a special identity, and civilians

The riot was misnamed - soldiers/Marines attacking anyone wearing a zoot suit in the mian entertainment district

lasted for 10 days