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| why russian civilians were upset? |
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| the russian revolution the cruel, oppessive, unfair ruling of the czars the slow political change autocracy |
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halted reforms
"A"lexander="A"utocracy
"autocracy, orthodoxy, nationality" political prisoners were sent to Siberia(central & eastern russia) used harsh measures made russian the official language |
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| alexander 3's son supported autocracy no surrendering power 2 ppl "S"upported autocracy no "S"urrendering power 2 ppl ("S"s 2 remmeber it) |
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| AUTOcracy--auto=car, in a car u have total control a gov. in which the czar has total power |
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| financed russian industies boosted steel industries russia became 4th in steel producing US germany GB only produced more |
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| revolutionaries wanted 2 overthrow the czar wanteed radical change |
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| vladimir major leader of blosheviks feld 2 western europe 2 avoid arrest by the czars waited til could safely return 2 russia |
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| over korea and manchuria signed treaties but russia broke them Japan attacked russia japan won |
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| workers & families protested outside the winter palace in st petersburg carried a petition 4 better working conditions, more personal freedom, & an elected national legislature ordered soldiers fired on the crowd 500-1000 ppl died lenin called it a "dress erhursal" |
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| russias first parliment a mock parlliament met in may 1906 wasnted russia to become a constitutional monarchy |
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| claimed 2 have magical powers alexis had hemophilia, a lifethreatening disease rasputin seemed 2 ease his symptoms alexandra allowed him to make key political decisions opposed reform measurements & obtained powerful positions 4 his friends spread corruption in the royal court in 1916, nobles killed him |
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| started by women textile workers in Petrograd there was a citywide strike riots flared up 200,000 workers were in the streeets @ first the soldiers obeyed orders 2 shoot the workers then the soldiers sided with the workers and started to fire at the commanding officers ppl shouted "down with the autocracy" |
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| local councils consisting of workers, peasants, and soldiers |
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| gained control of the petrograd soviet & other major russian sity soviets the red gaurds made up of factory workers stormed the winter palace in petrograd they took over the gov. offices & arrested the leaders of the provisional gov. it was over in a matter of hours *****this ended the provisional government***** |
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| germany=white army bolsheviks=red army leon trotsky expertly like the bolsheviks russias civil war proved far more deadly than earlier ones 15,000,000 russians died in the 3-year struggle & famine the destruction and loss of life from the fighting hunger and worldwide flu epidemic left russia in chaos the red army won and crushed all opposition 2 bolshevik rule the wictory showed that the bolsheviks were able to both sieze power and the maintain it lenin & the bolsheviks faced overwhleming problems |
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| also known as NEP lenin planned this state-controlled economy but set it aside while he did this... restored it to a small-scale version of capitalsim the reforms allowed peaants to sell stuff instead of giving them 2 the gov. ppl could buy/sell stuff the gov. controlled industries/banks/means of communications encouraged foreign investment |
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| the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in honor of the councils that helped launch the bolshevik revolution each republic was controlled from MOSCOW |
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| the new bolsheviks name came from the writings of karl marx used communism to describe the CLASSLESS SOCIETY THAT WOULD EXIST AFTER WORKERS HAD SIEZED POWER in 1924....created a constitution based on socialst and democratic princlples in reality, it held all the power Lenin established a dictatorship of the communist party, not a "dictatorship of the proltariat" as marx had said |
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| stricter that lenin a bolshevik lenins successor changed name from dzhugashivili stalin=man of steel was cold hard & impersonal lenin began 2 distrust him in 1928 he was in total command of the communist party |
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| stalins phrase to describe his aims of perfecting a communist state in russia would transform the soviet union into a totalitarian state |
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| totalitarianism; what does it challenge |
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| a gov. that takes total, centralized state control over every aspect of public & private life ****it challenges the highest values prized by weatern democracies--reason, freedom, human dignity, and the worth of the individual all the states shared basic characteristics *controled russia to bring the ecomony up* |
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| a system in which the gov. made all ecomonic decisions political leaders identify the countries needs and determines how to fulfill them |
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| 4 the development of the soviet unions economy it set impossible qoutas or numerical goals to incrase the output of steels, coal, oil , and electricity to reach it the gov. limited production of comsumer goods ___cons___people faced severe shortages of housing, food, clothing, and other necessary goods the gov controlled every aspect of the worker's life these forful means of making the soviet union a modern industrial nation took a great toll on ppls personal lives ___pros___ the ecomony grew |
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| large gov. owned farms familes worked on them producing food 4 the state peasants resisted they destroyed crops and livestock stalin used terror and violence to forse peasants to work on collective farms |
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| a class of wealthy peasants the major revolters of the collective farms the soviet decided to eliminate them 1000s were executed or sent to work camps |
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| stalin turned against members of the communist party launched a campaign of terror directed at eliminating anyone who threatened his power 1000s of old bolsheviks who helped set the stage of the revolution stood trial were sent to siberia from ***1934-1939*** stalin was responsible for over 8-13 million deaths |
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| totalitarian states rely on this... instruction in the gov.s beliefs to mold ppls minds--brainwashing party leaders lectured workers and peasants on the ideals of communism the stressed the importance of sacrifice and hard work to biuld the communist state |
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| an artistic style that praised soviet life and communist values |
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| wormen won equal rights as men b/c of the bolsehvik revolution were given educational opportunities liked medicine paid a heavy price for their rising status in society were responsible for housework and child care motherhood was also considered a patriotic duty in totalitarian regimes were expected to provide the state with future generations of loyal, obidient citizens |
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| the gov controlled all education--from nusery to universities the kids learned the virtues of the communist party college professers/students who questioned the communist parys interpretations of history or science risked losing their jobs of faced imprisonment ***education rose tho*** education was not merely indoctrination stalins ecomonic plans created a high demand for many skilled workers universitry and technical training became the key to a better life |
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