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| people living in the west indies when columbus landed who were frinedly and generous towards Spanish but nes spanish conquistodors came and were mean |
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[conquered Aztecs]
Early conquistador - 1519 landed on coast of Mexico near Tenochtitlán |
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[conquered Incas]
Spurred by the success of Cortes & the lure of wealth, other explorers followed.
Pizarro arrived in Peru just after a civil war [war fought between groups of people in the same nation] in which Atahualpa took the throne from his brother
Pizarro captured Atahualpa & killed 1000's of his followers
Demanded a huge ransom for Atahualpa which the Incas paid --- they killed Atahualpa anyway
Later conquerors went into Chile & Ecuador, soon most of S. America under Spanish control |
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conquerors - came after Columbus and stole the gold jewelry the Tainos wore & forced them to pan for more,
Forced the Tainos to convert to Christianity -- specifically Catholicism
Brought European diseases [measles, smallpox, flu]so Native American population declined 90% in many areas |
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| capital of the aztec empire |
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guide of Cortes,
She knew Aztec & Mayan & learned Spanish
• Taught Cortes that many peoples hated the Aztecs who sacrificed 1000's of captives to their gods annually
Helped Cortes arrange alliances with these people to fight the Aztecs |
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Aztec emperor
Learned of 'pale-skinned' men's arrival and wondered if the leader was the god- king Quetzalcoatl who had promised to return from the east
Sent gifts of gold & silver, but urged Cortes not to continue to Tenochtitlán
Cortes proceeded anyway, and he & his men were astounded by the grandeur of the city
Moctezuma welcomed the Spanish, but soon the relationship soured and Montezuma died in the fighting
Cortes & his men captured and demolished Tenochtitlán ---- the Spanish later built Mexico City on the ruins |
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• Superior military technology
o Horses frightened Indians who had never seen them
o Muskets & cannon no match for arrows & spears
o Armor protected Spaniards
• Indians were not united
o Spanish took advantage of rivalries between tribes who often provided fighters for the Spanish leaders opposing their traditional enemies
• Disease
o So many Incas & Aztecs died that the survivors thought their gods were not as powerful as the Spaniards gods
• Indians thought the destruction = end of the world |
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| what spanish took fro indians incas and aztecs |
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Language, religious traditions & clothing style remained from the Indians' culture
Spanish stole all the gold & silver statues from Incas & Aztecs…..forced them to mine for gold & silver in Peru & Mexico….. Huge wealth went back to Spain |
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| in Peru, rich silver mines --- conquistadors forced natives to mine ore from dangerous shaft mines, many died |
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• Mexico, Caribbean, S. America, California Settlers & missionaries followed conquistadors---claimed land for king & Church
o Lands divided into 5 provinces, most important were Mexico & Peru
o Thought it was their duty as Christians to bring Catholicism and civilization to the Indians |
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purpose was the maintain strict control over the colonies by passing laws
o Closely monitored viceroys & audiencias to make certain they did not take too much power |
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