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History 6-4
The Rise of Christianity
14
History
8th Grade
05/04/2012

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Cards

Term
Early Roman Worship
Definition
  • Early Romans worshipped nature spirits when under Etruscan rule
  • thought of spirits as dieties
  • Romans adapted much of Greek religion; identifying Greek dieties with their own
  • gov. expected Romans to worship emperor as chief priest-this started with Augustus
  • people allowed to worship freely; a variety of religions existed
Term

Judaism and the Empire

 

Definition
  • Augustus turned kingdom of Judah into Roman province of Judea
  • Romans treated Jews cruelly
  • Romans took Jerusalem and killed thousands of Jews
  • Romans banned Jews from living in Jerusalem
  • Jews forced to flee and live in scattered communities in Middle East
  • Jews studied Torah, rabbis created Talmud, set up academies
Term
Jesus of Nazareth
Definition
  • Jesus traveled and preached new message to Jews  
  • Jesus wanted people not to sin and practice kindness
  • Many Roman officials felt that Jesus could endanger Roman rule by winning over its citizens
  • Roman gov., Pontius Pilate, arrested Jesus and had him crucified
Term
messiah
Definition
  • deliverer chosen by god 
Term
sect
Definition
  • a group
Term
disciples
Definition
  • followers
Term
Spread of Christianity
Definition
  • Disciples said Jesus had risen from dead and appeared to them
  • Jews and non-Jews who accepted Jesus's message were called Christians
  • Paul aided Christianity's spread especially among non-Jews
  • Paul traveled and wrote stories about Jesus- became part of New Testament
  • Peter, another apostle, came to Rome and founded a church in that city

 

 

Term
Persecution and Competition
Definition
  • C. refused to honor the emperor as a god and rejected military service-Romans accused them of treason
  • officials killed Christians who they thought were causing trouble
  • Romans threw Christian martyrs into stadiums
  • persecution kept people from becoming Christians-scared
  • C. had to compete with other religions (polytheistic and Judaism)
  • C. although small in number, gained major strength in cities throughout Roman Empire
Term
martyrs
Definition
  • people who chose to die rather than give up their beliefs 
Term
Romans Adopt Christianity
Definition
  • Gen. Constantine ordered soldiers to pain cross on shields
  • credited victory to Christian god
  • Constantine was protector of Christianity
  • Edict of Milan- all groups free to worship as they please
  • Constantine attended mtgs. of Christian leaders and ordered churches to be built in Rome and Jerusalem
  • missionary and gov. support- Christianity grew in size and power across Roman Empire
Term
The Early Church
Definition
  • Emp.  Theodosius made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Emp.
  • needed to be unified so church would not divide
  • Church Father wrote books describing Christian teachings
  • Augustine wrote about how he converted to Christianity in Confessions
  • church organized as hierarchy
  • priests-bishops-patriarchs-pope
  • division of church; Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church (did not accept pope)
Term
bishop
Definition
  • oversaw diocese 
Term
patriarchs
Definition
  • bishops of 5 leading cities- Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem 
Term
pope
Definition
  • regarded by Western Christians as the head of all churches; Eastern Orthodox Church did not accept this
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