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1774-1792
1774-1792
King in France from 1774-1792 before being executed in 1793.
Viewed as weak, indecisive, and beholden to the people. His actions, such as calling upon parlemant, asking for the Estates’ complaints, exacerbated the growing popularity to question the monarchy.
Was the first constitutional monarch.
Signed Edict of Versailles, ending religious persecution.
Final downfall was calling upon the Estates-General, leading to the French Revolution. |
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1789-1794
Led by Robespierre Jacobin, a political faction which sought to force citizens to be virtous.
Popularized the guillotine as instrument of terror. Controlled and led france through reign of terror. |
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| Declaration of Rights of Man |
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Adopted in 1789
fundamental document of the French Revolution and in the history of human rights, defining the individual and collective rights of all the estates of the realm as universal. Influenced by the doctrine of "natural right", the rights of man are held to be universal: valid at all times and in every place, pertaining to human nature itself. |
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Term
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Definition
Instrument used during the reign of terror, particularly the year 1794.
The guillotine was an instrument in decapitation previously used as punishment for nobles.
However, during the Reign of terror, the Jacobins used it as a sybol of terror and used it against all citizenry thought to be against the revolution. |
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Early 1800s
Was an intellectual response to industrialism and railroads.
Attention to nature. |
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1814
Napoleans enemies came together to redraw boundaries.
Created idea of legitimate govt needed to be approved by other nations.
Still used today. |
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Died in 1840s
German nationalist and lyric poet
used poems to show the new nation state
location instinctual and inseperable |
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1800s
Promoted the idea of individual responsibility to determine economic success and solve for social problems
jsmill had influence with women
malthus |
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British romantic writer 1818
critiqued industrialism |
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| italian nationalist who helped unify italy in the late 1800s. was veteran of 1848 revolutions |
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Definition
Italian
1848: led first war of italian independence
1858: attempted to kill the french emperor napoleon
famous orsini bombs
was executed |
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| “Workers of the world, unite!” |
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Definition
1848, Germany, USSR
Political slogan in the communist manifesto
Felice Orsini
1819-1858
Italy
An Italian Revolutionary who
led a company of young Romagnols in the First War of Italian Independence in 1848
and attempted to assassinate Napoleon III, the French Emperor in 1858.
“Workers of the world, unite!”
1848
Europe (Specifically USSR, Germany)
A political slogan found in The Communist Manifesto. It was also used as the motto of the USSR.
The slogan reflects the rise of socialism in the 19th and 20th centuries. The industrial revolution had created a seemingly permanent class of workers who lived in poverty and under terrible working conditions. The idea that this working class could unite together to gain power was presented in The Communist Manifesto. These ideas were modified and built upon in the 20th century with the development of socialist governments in Russia, Germany, Italy etc. |
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