Term
| How did earliest humans adapt to their environments and create the first civilizations? |
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Definition
Emerged 3500-3000BC in Mesopotamia & Egypt
Specialized labor force
Strong Government
Literacy
Social Divisions |
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Term
| What were the Mesopotamians major contributions to government, religion, and culture? |
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Definition
-built almost a guide to follow
-believed in gods
-appointed government (monarchy)
-specialized labor forces
-literacy |
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Term
| What was the greek polis? How did it develop in Sparta Athens and Corinth in Archaic Greece? |
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Definition
-small urban area & surroundings
-emphasis on community
-brought together the people
-sacred to certain gods throughout these areas
-trading place |
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Term
| What made the first millenium BC Empires of the Assyrians Neo-Babylonians and Persians so much more effective than earlier empires? |
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Definition
-brutality mixed w/ strength
-military background
-cut throat tactics
-laws |
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Term
| What was athenian democracy and how did it clash with Sparta in the peloponnesian war? |
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Definition
-form of government in which citizens choose the leader, started in Athens
-Clashed with Sparta because Spartan strategy involved qick invasion and defeat w/ Athens strong naval connections this proved difficult for Sparta
-Spartan officers were not trained to be diplomats, and were insensitive and politically inept. |
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Term
| How did Macedon under Philip and Alexander conquer both the city-states of Greece and the persian empire? |
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Definition
-power hungry murdering their way in by getting in the middle of everything they could
-never stopping
-being very greedy claiming not stopping til the end of the war |
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Term
| What new states emerged as a result of Alexander's conquests? How did they integrate Greek settlers with native peoples? |
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Definition
-Asia Minor to India
-He merged local and greek peoples and traditions in an attempt to forge a lasting empire |
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Term
| How was the Roman Republic governed? How did the government shape the western political tradition? |
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Definition
-Differed from monarchy: stood for liberty
-Republic was commonwealth: belonged to the Roman people
-Liberty does not mean equality: stood for balance, order, and competition
-3 Periods of the Republic
-3 branches
-ppl had a say
-a lot like our government |
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Term
| What was life like in the era of Roman peace? What were the precursors to the end of peace? |
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Definition
-peaceful and stable
-2 centuries b/c of Augustus (1st Princep)
-precursors were the death of Augustus at the wrong time which led to the takeover of a nephew he did not wish to have first choice
-Many conflicts |
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Term
| What were the origins of christianity and how did it fare among other religions of the Roman World? |
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Definition
-following the death of Jesus
-His followers made a sect called Christianity
-Spread b/c of Paul of Tarsus
-considered a subversion of religion picking up few followers through the empire
-outraged Romans so they started destroying everything that had to do with christianity |
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Term
| How did women's positions differ in Classical Athens to Ptolemaic Egypt? |
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Definition
-epyptian women held way more rights
-athenian women were barely higher than the slaves only a few were selected to educate
-egyptian women could even hold property & get divorced |
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Term
| How did Zoroastrianism influence Judaism, and later Christianity? |
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Definition
-monotheism beleifs
-good and evil
-they held a lot of similar beliefs |
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Term
| What social purpose would the 10 commandments have served for the Israelites? |
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Definition
-give them set rules to follow
-have a basis for everyday life
-right and wrong
-foundation of ethics |
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Term
| What were the 3 themes for the last 7 years of Alexander's career? |
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Definition
1. Continuing military campaigns up to the end of his life
2. Increasing despotism & foreign offenses
3. Policy of fusion & incorporation |
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Term
| How did the unintended consequences of conquest on Rome lead to a revolution that destroyed the republic? |
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Definition
-led to many riches
-led to corruptions amongst political and military powers
-greed was ultimately the downfall of the Roman Empire |
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