Term
| In the compromise of 1820 slavery was banned in US territory north of the latitude or line _____? |
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Definition
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Term
| when popular sovereignty for or against slavery was made problematic by voting fraud in the kansas territorial elections of 1854 and 1855 what soon resulted and made things much worse? |
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Definition
| RIval states and territorial governments broke out in fighting, starting the civil war entitled "Bleeding Kansas" |
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Term
| Book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe to condemn slavery as an abusive and evil institution |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did Lincoln and other northerners believe that Southern secession endangered the US repub. system of gov't? |
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Definition
| secession violates Republican principle of majority rules |
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Term
| How did President Zachary Taylor provoke the sectional debate in Congress which led to the Compromise of 1850? |
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Definition
| Thought all territory conquered from Mexico should be admitted as free states |
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Term
| Supreme Court case which resulted in a ruling that slaves could not become free by living in a free state or territory |
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Definition
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Term
| First fighting of Civil War happened at Fort ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| What especially caused the Deep South to secede in 1860 and 1861? |
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Definition
| Lincoln was elected as president and the South feared Lincoln would abolish slavery |
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Term
| Leader of failed raid at Harpers Ferry in 1859. Attackers seeking weapons for slave revolts in South |
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Definition
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Term
| Political party in US which was briefly popular in the early 1850's mainly for seeking to exclude immigrants from voting and political office |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of the Crittenden Compromise was approved by the U.S. Congress in 1861 for ratification by the states? Be specific |
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Definition
| Ammendment to protect Southern slavery forever |
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Term
| Name the proposed constitution to make Kansas a slave state. It was rejected by the U.S. House of Representatives |
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Definition
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Term
| In the Compromise of 1850, popular sovereignty would be used to decide for or against slavery in the western territories of New Mexico and _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the abolitionist African-American woman noted for helping slaves to escape north in the Underground Railroad |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Stephen Douglas’ leading economic reason for seeking the enactment of the Kansas-Nebraska Act? Be specific. |
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Definition
| Building Transcontinental railroad |
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Term
| What did John Breckinridge especially campaign for in the presidential election of 1860? Be specific |
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Definition
| A national slave code to protect slave owner’s rights throughout the US |
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Term
| What did President Lincoln do that provoked the Confederacy into firing the first shot of the Civil War? Be specific. |
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Definition
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Term
| _______was the first Southern state to secede after Lincoln won the presidential election of 1860. (Label the location of this state on a suitable map.) |
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Definition
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Term
| .Name the Republican candidate for the U.S. presidency in the election of 1856. |
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Definition
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Term
| What was proposed in the Wilmot Proviso? It was not passed by the U.S. Congress. Be specific. |
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Definition
| Free soil in territories conquered by Mexico |
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Term
| 1. What two-word term identifies the legal arrangement letting residents hold an election to vote for or against slavery in U.S. western territories? This arrangement was included in the Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the Compromise of 1820 _______________was admitted as a slave state. Label on a map. |
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Definition
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Term
| Between 1856 and 1860 how did the Republicans use the American Revolution to campaign effectively for voter support? |
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Definition
| Demonstrated tyranny/oppression of people and taking their rights. |
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Term
| Name the author of a compromise to end Southern secession in 1861 by extending the Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific Ocean. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the Republican US senator who was caned by US Representative Preston Brook in 1856 for speaking against slavery in insulting ways. |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the goal of John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry in 1859? |
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Definition
| Capture weapons for slave revolts in the South. |
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Term
| The Lincoln-Douglas debates happened in the state of ___________. Label on a map. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the abolitionist at Alton, Illinois who was killed in 1837 when a pro-slavery mob tried to destroy his printing press. |
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Definition
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Term
| What especially caused the Upper South to secede in 1861? |
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Definition
| US raised army to invade South |
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Term
| After the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed, what first went wrong with its arrangements for popular sovereignty? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Stephen Douglas' Freeport Doctrine? |
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Definition
| States can exclude slavery by voting to not have a slave code. |
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Term
| What did the Southern US Senator John Calhoun seek approval of at the Nashville Convention of 1850? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the Confederate president who ordered an attack on Fort Sumter when it was about to be supplied by the US in 1861? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the Compromise of 1850 the slave trade was banned at the US national capital ____________. show on a map. |
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Definition
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Term
| What was repealed by the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854? |
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Definition
| Missouri compromise lines |
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Term
| In 1859 John Brown and others attacked a federal arsenal (arms storage building) at the small town of _________________, in order to capture weapons for slave uprisings in the South. Show on a map. |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Stephen Douglas especially campaign for in the presidential election of 1860? |
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Definition
| Use of popular sovereignty to decide on slavery in each state. |
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Term
| Name the chief justice of the Supreme Court who ruled (decided) in the Dred Scott case that slaves could not become free by living in a free state or territory. |
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Definition
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Term
| What promise did Lincoln make about slavery in his presidential inaugural address in 1861? |
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Definition
| He wouldn't oppose the Crittenden Amendment. |
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Term
| Name the gradual abolitionist who sought an end to slavery during the 1820s and 1830s by paying owners to release their slaves for return to Africa. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the famous Chicago suburb planned by Frederick Law Olmstead and built in the 1860s. |
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Definition
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Term
| Philip Armour said he sold beef at a loss - $10.21 per single cow or bull. So aside from economy of scale and minimizing the cost of labor, why did Armour report that he made a final overall profit of 59 cents per cow or bull? |
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Definition
| Because he also made a lot of money by using the non-edible sections of the cow for combs, fertilizer etc. |
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Term
| How did some newspapers in Chicago directly reflect the sizeable number of immigrants in the city? |
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Definition
| Each ethnicity had its own native language newspaper. |
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Term
| Name one of the major mail order catalogue business which emered in Chicago during the late 1800's. |
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Definition
| Montgomery Ward & Company |
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Term
| Name the long serving mayor of Chicago in the late 1800s who became famous for managing vice with a policy often called "wide-open city" |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of tree was preferred for Chicago's lumber trade, and why? |
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Definition
| White pine. It floated in water, allowing for easy transportation. (floating down the river to Lake Michigan). |
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Term
| Name one of the first women licensed to practice law in Illinois durin the late 1800s. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the first artificial or man made waterway which increased Chicago trade with the rural Old Northwest starting in 1848. |
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Definition
| Illinois & Michigan Canal |
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Term
| Name the Chicago businessman who became famous after the Civil War for manufacturing luxury sleeper railcars. |
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Definition
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Term
| According to the author of City of Big Shoulders, Robert Spinney, what famous American saying best explains the fast tempo of life in Chicago during the late 1800s? |
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Definition
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Term
| Led in part by Albert G. Spalding, what sport became very popular in Chicago starting in the 1870's and went on to become professional nationwide starting in 1876? |
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Definition
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Term
| What major event in US history generated enough demand for processed pork to make Chicago the world's leading city for meatpacking? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the growth of Chicago's population between 1850 and 1900. |
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Definition
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Term
| Explain why American famers typically gave their business to Chicago's mail order catalogue businesses during the late 1800's. Be specific |
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Definition
| They offered a massive variety of very low priced goods, many of which were not available in the country. They could order city dweller goods, like hats, in the country. |
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Term
| Describe Mayor Harrison I's policy for a wide open city |
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Definition
| His policy revolved around freedom. People had freedom to make money, gamble, drink, hire prostitutes as long as they did it secretly and in the vice district, and keep it off the streets. Also, banned kids from vice district |
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Term
| Name location at Chicago where livestock was slaughtered for the meatpacking industry |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did some Chicagoans enlist many times in the U.S. Army during the Civil War? Be specific |
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Definition
| Each time they enlisted they got a cash bonus, thus they would ditch the army, reenlist as a different person, and get another cash bonus. By doing this repeatedly they could make a lot of money. |
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Term
| Why was Montgomery Ward able to market (advertise and sell) a wide variety of consumer goods directly to rural farmers during the late 1800s? Be specific. |
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Definition
| Because instead of making each farmer go to a country store, where only a few items were available, Montgomery Ward sent out catalogs which contained massive amounts of goods they could choose from, send a mail order, and get the products sent to them, thus removing the inconveniences of going to Chicago to get the stuff |
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Term
| Name the mayor of Chicago noted for rebuilding the city after the Great Fire of 1871. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the organization which began systematically grading wheat for large scale commerce (exchange among buyers and sellers). It also started the use of grain receipts and futures trading. |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe one “seeker-sensitive” practice used by evangelical preachers at Chicago during the late 1800s. Also explain why it was used. Be specific. |
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Definition
| Moody believed sermons bored listeners so he kept his messages short and used many visual aids to maximize audience attention and participation. |
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Term
| How did the McCormick reaper change the crops farmed in the Old Northwest starting in the 1850s? Be specific. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the Chicago businessman who became famous starting in the 1870s for setting up a department store which glamorized the in-store shopping experience for well-to-do women. |
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Definition
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Term
| How was the life style of American farmers “revolutionized” by mail-order catalogue businesses during the late 1800s? Explain in detail |
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Definition
| Out of the way farmers could get a wide variety of goods that usually only Chicagoans or city folk could get in the city. These goods were very low priced and could be shipped to them directly, Thus modernizing rural America by allowing them to have same Commodities that city folk could get. |
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Term
| Name the Southern organization which used terrorist violence and killing to stop African-Americans from voting during Reconstruction. It was soon forced underground by the U.S. Army |
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Definition
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Term
| __________was an ex-Confederate state which temporarily regained U.S. statehood under Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan. Label the location of this state on a suitable map. |
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Definition
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Term
| Because President Johnson repeatedly tried to reverse Congressional Reconstruction, Congress tried but failed to remove Johnson from the presidency with what legal procedure? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the African-American who purchased and temporarily owned the two plantations of Hurricane and Brierfield after the Civil War. He had prize-winning cotton crops raised there. |
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Definition
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Term
| During Reconstruction, African-Americans typically rented the land they farmed. They paid the rent annually with half of the crops they harvested. What was this rental arrangement called? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to W.E.B. Dubois, in advanced education training for a manual skill like carpentry was not enough. What else was needed? Be specific. |
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Definition
| liberal arts college education so they can move onto professional careers |
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Term
| Describe two different parts of the Compromise of 1877. Be specific |
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Definition
1. Republicans get presidency
and in Return
2. Federal union troops leave the south and end military reconstruction |
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Term
| Describe Booker T. Washington’s Atlanta Compromise. Explain in detail. |
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Definition
| Blacks do not seek right to vote and racial desegregation in return for good jobs in manual labor |
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Term
| Name one liberal Protestant minister at Chicago during the late 1800s. This preacher got in trouble with established denominations by denying the “doctrine of biblical inerrancy.” (In other words, a doctrine or belief that the Bible is always literally true.) |
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Definition
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Term
| Name Chicago’s first railroad in the 1840s and 1850s. It greatly increased the city’s trade with the rural Old Northwest. |
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Definition
| Chicago and Galena Union Railroad |
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Term
| George Pullman ran a business manufacturing “luxury sleeper” railcars after the Civil War. He also housed his workers at the town of Pullman, next to a new factory. What caused these workers to go on strike in 1894? Be specific |
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Definition
| He housed the people at the town of Pullman, yet he charged equal to or greater than 15% for the houses. When a financial crisis struck, he fired many workers, and cut pay, yet he did not decrease the cost of the Pullman houses. When they protested this, he fired the protesters and got replacement workers. This caused the strike |
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Term
| 4. What sort of housing construction was widely used in Chicago during the 19th century because it could be built quickly? |
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Definition
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Term
| During the late 1800's in Chicago, how did people typically get a bath? |
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Definition
| They went to the free public bathhouse |
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Term
| 6. Aside from its foul odor, what especially made Chicago’s meat-packing industry harmful for the regional environment? Be specific |
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Definition
| Because they dumped the animal waste into the sewers which ran into Chicago River, and because of the volume of this “dumping,” the river quickly became polluted, thus spreading disease |
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Term
| 7. Name the mayor of Chicago who provoked the Lager Beer Riot of 1855 by substantially increasing the yearly licensing fee to sell liquor. |
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Definition
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Term
| 8. Why was the mail-order business of Montgomery Ward able to undersell (charge lower sales prices than) “middle men” and “country stores”? Be specific |
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Definition
| Bought directly from producer and in bulk, thus allowing them to buy large amounts of gods for cheap. Also they were the only middle men, so they sold products at very low prices to buyers and thus undersold the “country stores”. |
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Term
| 1. What was arranged by the U.S. Constitution’s 15th Amendment? Be specific. |
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Definition
| cant deny a person the right to vote based on race, color, or ethnicity |
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Term
| 2. According to Booker T. Washington, why could training in a manual skill like carpentry gradually end white racism? |
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Definition
| Because by having an actual trade such as carpentry, they would be a positive asset to the community as well as a role model to other African Americans, thus they would slowly end white racism through business relations and demonstrating they were productive citizens. |
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Term
| 3. According to Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan, Southern voters (white men) could start setting up a normal civilian state government after completing what first step? Be specific. |
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Definition
| 10% of voters in a confederate state swear loyalty to the US |
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Term
4. In 1865 under president Johnson’s Reconstruction plan, voters in the
Southern state of ___________________________ elected the former Confederate vice-president, Alexander Stephens, to the U.S. Senate, which refused to seat him. Label the location of this state on a suitable map. |
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Definition
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Term
| 5. What was the function of Union Leagues in the South during Reconstruction? Be specific. |
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Definition
| Taught illiterate freedmen how to vote correctly during reconstruction |
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Term
| 6. What did W.E.B. Dubois call the ablest or most skillful group of African-Americans in the U.S. during the early 1900s? He want these men and women to get a university education. Then they would enter a professional career and provide leadership to promote African-American civil rights. |
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Definition
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Term
| 7. Name one leading African-American denomination to emerge in the South during Reconstruction. |
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Definition
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Term
| 8. During Reconstruction, the federal government temporarily set up what organization to provide African-Americans with food, clothing, some education and fair contracting with whites? |
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Definition
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Term
| After President Johnson repeatedly tried to reverse Congressional Reconstruction, Congress tried but failed to remove Johnson from the presidency with what particular legal process? |
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Definition
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Term
| 2. What was the purpose of civil service reform during the late 1800s? Be specific. |
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Definition
| Merit testing for government jobs |
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Term
| 3. According to W.E.B. Dubois in The Souls of Black Folk, what three different things did African-Americans need immediately to achieve real equality with whites? Be specific. |
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Definition
| Demand right to vote, racial desegregation, and equal education opportunity |
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Term
| 4. In what major way was education improved for all children in the South during Reconstruction? |
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Definition
| Government funded public (but segregated) school building |
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Term
5. Toward the end of Reconstruction and afterwards, white Southerners
used the ______________________ Plan to prevent voting by African-Americans. This plan involved using as much violence as was necessary to stop their participation in elections. Label the location of this state on a map. |
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Definition
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Term
| 6. Under Johnson’s lenient Reconstruction plan, Southern states defied several presidential recommendations for normalized statehood. Describe one way Southern states defied (opposed) the presidential recommendations. Be specific |
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Definition
| Elected ex-confederates to government positions, though they had been told not to. |
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Term
| 7. Name the school begun by Booker T. Washington to teach reading, writing and math to African-American students, along with proper hygiene and manners, followed by graining in a manual skill like wagon-making. |
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Definition
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Term
| 8. What was the derogatory (insulting) nickname used to label white Southerners who supported Republicans during Reconstruction? |
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Definition
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