Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Histology - Cartilage
WSU CVM, Chandra
66
Anatomy
Graduate
10/01/2008

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
3 types of cartilage
Definition

Hyaline

Elastic

Fibrocartilage

Term
Most common type of cartilage
Definition
Hyaline
Term
Type of cartilage that makes up the fetal skeleton
Definition
Hyaline Cartilage
Term
Hyaline cartilage is found in the articular surfaces of:
Definition

Larynx

Joints

Trachea

Bronchii

Term
Define Perichondrium
Definition
dense connective tissue capsule around most cartilage
Term
Perichondrium has two layers:
Definition
  • outer fibrous
  • inner cellular (chondrogenic, mesenchymal)
Term
the blood supply for cartilage comes from:
Definition
the perichondrium
Term
Chondrocyte: function
Definition
synthesize extracellular matrix
Term
Extracellular Matrix: Composition
Definition
type-II collagen, proteoglycans, chondronectin (a glycoprotein)
Term
isogenous cell nest
Definition
group of 2-8 chondrocytes deep within cartilage
Term
cartilage plays an important role in the growth of:
Definition
long bones
Term
the shock-absorbant nature of cartilage is due to its
Definition
hydrophilicity
Term
the hydrophilic nature of cartilage is due to
Definition
proteoglycan aggregates in the groud substance that trap large amounts of water because of their negatively charged amino acid side chains.
Term
besides shock absorbance, the hydrophilic nature of cartilage is responsible for its
Definition
high diffusion rate
Term
Collage Type II: big fibers or small fibrils?
Definition
small fibrils
Term
is elastic cartilage surrounded by a perichondrium?
Definition
yes.
Term
where is elastic cartilage typically found?
Definition
external ear, ear canal, epiglottis
Term
what is the most visible differentiator for hyaline vs. elastic cartilage?
Definition
elastic fibers are visible in the matrix of elastic cartilage.
Term
the matrix of elastic cartilage is rich or poor in collagen?
Definition
poor
Term
the zone immediately surrounding a lacuna in elastic cartilage is the
Definition
territorial matrix
Term
the area between lacunae and not immediately adjacent to them is the
Definition
interterritorial matrix.
Term
which stains more acidophilic, the territorial or interterritorial matrix? Why?
Definition
The territorial, because it has less collagen and more glycosaminoglycans.
Term
Fibrocartilage is a combination of:
Definition
hyaline cartilage and dense collagenous connective tissue
Term
fibrocartilage can be identified on a slide by the presence of:
Definition
acidophilic type-I collagen fibers in layered arrays
Term
amorphous ground substance is more or less abundant in fibrocartilage than in other cartilage?
Definition
less
Term
fibrocartilage lacks a:
Definition
distinct perichondrium
Term
chondrocytes are nourished by
Definition
diffusion through the matrix from capillaries
Term
the capillaries that nourish cartilage are located in the
Definition
perichondrium
Term
all cartilage originates from the:
Definition
embryonic mesenchyme
Term
differentiation of mesenchymal cells into cartilage is stimulated by
Definition
increased cell to cell contact after mesenchymal condensation
Term
a chondroblast becomes a chondrocyte when:
Definition
it becomes completely surrounded by cartilage
Term
when chondrocytes multiply within a lacuna, they form an
Definition
isogenous nest
Term
Interstitial
Definition
growth from within
Term
Appositional
Definition
growth at the surface
Term
Interstitial growth of cartilage occurs in
Definition
the fetal skeleton, epiphyseal plates, articular cartilages
Term
appositional growth of cartiage occurs when
Definition
cells in the chondrogenic layer of the perichondrium differentiate into chondroblasts, secrete matrix materials on surface.
Term
true or false: perichondrium surrounds fibrocartilage
Definition
false
Term
isogenous groups originate from ______
Definition
mitotic division of a single cell.
Term
What are the two main ingredients of ground substance?
Definition
proteoglycans and glycoproteins
Term
Are there chondroblasts in the perichondrium?
Definition
No
Term
Will we be asked to identify chondroblasts in cartilage?
Definition
No.
Term
Is the cartilage matrix acidophilic or basophilic? Why?
Definition
Basophilic, because of the high concentration of GAGs in proteoglycans
Term
4 places fibrocartilage is found:
Definition

transitions between tendons/ligaments and cartilage or bone

intervertebral disks

pads within knees

pelvic symphysis

Term
all connective tissues are derived from the:
Definition
mesenchyme
Term
3 functions of fibrocartilage
Definition
resists compression, prevents bone-to-bone contact, limits relative movement
Term
intersitial growth of cartilage happens throughout the life cycle: true or false
Definition
false. Only early in life.
Term
how is damage to hyaline and elastic cartilage repaired in young animals?
Definition
both interstitial and appositional growth
Term
cartilage repair in adults is mediated by
Definition
fibrous connective tissue
Term
the least repair-able of cartilage types is:
Definition
fibrocartilage
Term
synostosis:
Definition
immovable joint, found only in the skull, made of dense irregular fibrous connective tissue
Term
Fibrous articulations include:
Definition
sutures, syndesmosis
Term
A Suture is:
Definition
a fibrous joint in the skull made of dense irregular connective tissue. Some will ossify.
Term
Syndesmosis:
Definition
bones joined with more connective tissue than in a suture, allowing some movement - as in between tibia and fibula
Term
Cartilaginous articulations include:
Definition
joints with little to no movement, no cavity. synchondrosis, symphysis
Term
synchondrosis
Definition
bones held together by hyaline cartilage, as in ribs and sternum. eventually ossify.
Term
symphysis
Definition
bones held together by fibrocartilaginous pad or disc.
Term
Synovial articulation
Definition
moveable joint with articular cartilage, joint capsule, synovial cavity containing synovial fluid.
Term
does articular cartilage have perichondrium?
Definition
No, even though it is hyaline.
Term
a meniscus is composed of
Definition
fibrocartilage
Term
Why is collagen not visible in a light microscope slide of hyaline cartilage?
Definition
the collage is type II, small fibrils, and the optical density is close to that of the ground substance.
Term
What is responsible for the basophilia of the cartilage matrix?
Definition
high amounts of GAG (proteoglycans) with negatively charged carboxyl and sulfate groups
Term
What type of collagen is present in elastic cartilage matrix?
Definition
Type II fibrils - just less of it than in hyaline.
Term
annulus fibrosus
Definition
white connective tissue ring containing nucleus pulposus, found in intervertebral joints
Term
nucleus pulposus
Definition
gelatinous material surrounded by annulus fibrosus between intervertebral disks
Term
3 characteristics of joint capsule:
Definition
synovial membrane, synovial villi, blood vessels in connective tissue
Term
what is responsible for basophilia in cartilage?
Definition
glycosaminoglycans (GAG)
Supporting users have an ad free experience!