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| Rousseau, Discourse on the Origin of Inequality (1775):(pg5) |
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| Born a watchmaker's son in Geneva, JJ Rousseau wrote "" in which he argued that society was corrupt because of the encouragement of society for people to undermine their peers in order to gain superiority over them. While his influence over the French Revolution is not certain, his ideals and words would serve as inspiration for everyone from Sieyes to Karl Marx |
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| It was the ideology that all power comes from the masses. Moreover, it was a call from revolutionaries such as Abbe Sieyes and others, for the common people to become actively involved in government and political life. It claimed that the people were the source of power and thus must be responsible for controlling it. It affected not only law and the way change came about in 18th century France, but the military and its statutes for years to come. |
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| born in 1805, was a avid critic of the French revolution and a descendent of a family of liberal aristocrats. Though he expresses admiration for the ambition of the revolutionaries, he also expresses bleak fear about the chaotic air of the revolution and the outcome. |
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| absolute monarchy in France was established during the 17th century under the rule of king Louis XIV. He did this by encouraging his nobles to come and live in his palace of Versailles. By making living in the court popular he was able to not only keep an eye on the nobles but keep their minds off of rebellion as well. Furthermore, their own power was weakend and their ties to the land disintigrated. Consequences the creation of a completely useless class who did little and were mostly exempt from tax and complete centralization of power under the king. Moreover, while the aristocracy of France grew increasingly more splendid, its uselessness made itself and the king a target for the resentments of revolutionary leaders. |
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He was author of, "what is the third estate," as well as an elected representative for the Third Estate in the 1789 Estates General. He played an integral role in the introductory stages of the revolution, participating in the drafting of the "Declaration of the Rights of Man and Constitution," and advocated that people (i.e. the Third Estate) were the real power-holders, and that aristocracy was nothing more than a parasitic nuisance. |
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| A series of five law codes issued by Napoleon in 1800. In essence they were an amalgamation of the most important ideals from the revolution and the needs of Napoleons new authoritarian regime. Lauded for its brevity and success, it's legal codes went on to be adopted by countries as far away as Japan and the New World. |
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| Transition from the Third Estate to National Assembly |
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| This transition came about after the 5 week deadlock between the king and the representatives of the Third Estate during the General Estate meeting of 1789. After breaking the deadlock the commoners issued a statement proclaiming them the representatives of a nation, thus preforming the first revolutionary act that would inspire many to come. |
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| Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen |
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| it was a statement of general principles on which the new order was to rest. It preached equality and inherent rights and the states duty to protect them. It was approved in August of 1789, and echoes ideals that would go on to become the basis of European liberal thought in the early 19th century. |
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| Haiti, the contridictions & revolt of 1794 |
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| This refers to the hypocritical thinking that came about at the end of the French revolution when lawmakers and revolutionaries were faced with the conseqences of their actions. Many were torn because talk of abolition of slavery was coming about, however, many were reluctant to see the lucrative business disappear. Furthermore, it was not only white slave owners who wanted to abstain from abolishing slavery it was the free blacks and mulattos who owned slaves who wanted to keep it as well. After tensions came to a breaking point |
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| In 1791 the Legislative assembly granted full civic equalities to Jews. It was important because it was one of the first granting of rights to Jewish Europeans, moreoever, while it did not bring anti-semitism to an end, it did set the standard from then onwards. |
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| The French Consulate was the government that emerged from the coup d'etat of 18 Brumaire, and lasted until the Napoleanic Empire in 1804. |
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| He was the man who headed the police force which was responsible for enforcing the strict regulations of Napoleons regime. His brutality and espionage made people compare him to "Paris under the Terror." |
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