Shared Flashcard Set

Details

HIST 1310
Test 1
47
History
Undergraduate 1
02/20/2013

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Andros Overthrow (1689)
Definition
English colonial administrator; tenure was authoritarian and turbulent, actions were pro-Anglican, damaging criticism in a region home to many Puritans
Term
Atlantic Slavery (18th Century)
Definition
expanded rapidly; Atlantic commerce consisted primarily of slaves, crops produced by slaves, and goods destined to societies consisting of slaves
Term
Bacon's Rebellion (1675-1676)
Definition
Bacon comes from rich family, receives bad land; no protection from Indians; asks for help from Berkley, who says no; kills Indians; Indians in retaliation burn down Jamestown
Term
Berkley, Gov. William (1660-1677)
Definition
Governor of VA; enacted friendly policies toward Indians, which angered planters; Berkley was recalled to England by Charles II after Bacon's Rebellion
Term
Best Poor Man's Land
Definition
Term
Boston Massacre (March 5, 1770)
Definition
British troops protect colonial officials attempting to enforce unpopular legislation, such as the Townshend Acts; tension builds and a mob forms around British sentry; soldiers are subjected to verbal abuse and thrown objects and fired into crowd without order; 5 were killed, and 6 were injured
Term
Boston Tea Party (December 16, 1773)
Definition
"Sons of Liberty" went to Boston Harbor dressed as Mohawk Indians; boarded British ships and dumped about 45 tons of tea
Term
Caribbean Slaves
Definition
Term
Intolerable (Coercive) Acts (1774)
Definition
termed by Patriots; series of punitive laws following Boston Tea Party; Boston Harbor closed all of traffic; colonists must apologize and pay for tea
Term
Conquistadors (16th Century)
Definition
younger sons from lower aristocratic families; men "on the make"; "knights in shining armor"; have arrogance with no means of support; expected easy wealth and fame
Term
Consumer Revolution
Definition
Term
Coode's Rebellion
Definition
known as Protestant Revolution of 1689; took place in Maryland; followed the Glorious Revolution in England; named after one of its leaders, John Coone; Puritans revolted against Roman Catholic Charles Calvert
Term
Customs Officials
Definition
Term
Dominion of New England (1686-1689)
Definition
administrative union of English colonies; was a failure; area it encompassed was too big for a single governor to manage; governor was highly unpopular
Term
English Civil War (1642-?)
Definition
series of battles; political and religious conflict; struggle for political supremacy between Parliament and the crown; liberties were central role (not for serfs and slaves); victory for Parliament; King Charles I was beheaded
Term
English Constitution
Definition
Term
English Reformation (16th Century)
Definition
series of events; Church of England broke away from Pope and Roman Catholic Church; associated with Protestant Reformation, a religious and political movement; King Henry VIII's desire for annulment makes it more of a political than a religious dispute
Term
Fall of Quebec (1759)
Definition
led by Wolfe, British soldiers forced up St. Lawrence River in summer; Quebec resisted 2-month siege; finding a better patch, Wolfe led his men past French Guards; attacked troops of Montcalm at dawn; France lost Quebec; Wolfe and Montcalm both died
Term
Franklin, Benjamin (1706-1790)
Definition
established a newspaper, club for debate, and library; published Poor Richard's Almanack; conducted experiments to demonstrate lightening is a form of electricity; exemplified spirit of American Enlightenment
Term
French and Indian War (1756-1763)
Definition
first colonial war; English and French fought for power; Iroquois Indians were between settlements, but they sided with French; Treaty of Paris ends war; British won; French threat disappears; New England is secure; huge debt of $60 million for England; tension rises between colonial and British leaders
Term
Glorious Revolution (1688)
Definition
Being Catholic, James II replaced government officials with Catholics. He had a son, and that was the last straw for the opponents. Parliament invite Protestant William (son-in-law; husband) and Mary (daughter; wife) to take the throne. Parliament is much stronger and more stable now; leads to fallouts in colonial America
Term
Great Migration (1629-1642)
Definition
Mass. Bay Co. was founded by English merchants; wanted to promote causes of Puritans and turn profit through trade; refers to migration of English settlers, primarily Puritans, to Massachusetts; total of 20,000 arrived after 2 decades
Term
Hutchinson, Anne (1636-1638)
Definition
Puritan woman of 15; husband was a clergyman; held religious discussions in her home; Governor of Mass. did not like that she was a woman preaching and put her on trial; exiled and sent to RI
Term
King Phillip's War (1675-1678)
Definition
America's costliest war in terms of loss in land and people; lost 1/3 of their settlement and 1/5 of their population; created a generation of widows and orphans; Phillip is eventually killed by Indians allied to white people.
Term
Leister's Rebellion (late 17th Century)
Definition
uprising in colonial NY; reflected colonial resentment toward policies of James II; divided colony along ethic and economic lines; rebellions ensued; took control of NY; was hung and chopped into pieces
Term
Mather, Rev. Cotton
Definition
socially and politically influential, New England Puritan minister; author and pamphleteer; known for role in Salem witch trials
Term
Mercantilism (16th-18th Century)
Definition
policy of Great Britain and other imperial powers; ex. Virginia and Maryland are as closely tied to Great Britain as any other colonies; their economies were models of mercantilist policy; they supplied mother country with agricultural products, imported British goods, and were linked with British culture and political values
Term
New France (1534-1763)
Definition
established Quebec in 1608; depended on relations with Indians due to small, white population; emphasized fur trade rather than agriculture, because it was too cold; sparsely settled; loosely controlled; have wars with English throughout 18th century
Term
New Netherlands (1614-1667)
Definition
hardly governed democratically; more liberty, especially religious freedom, than other parts; slaves possessed rights; women had more independence; hardly free of conflict with Indians
Term
New Spain (1519-1821)
Definition
very populous; force Indians rather than African slaves, to work in gold and silver mines, which supplied empire's wealth; population consisted of less women, began intermixing; evolved into a hybrid culture but had one faith, language, and governmental system
Term
Non-Importation Agreements
Definition
Term
Pequot War
Definition
turning point when fur trader was killed by Indian tribe; soldiers surrounded the village and set it on fire
Term
Plymouth Colony (Plymouth Settlement) (1620-1691)
Definition
founded by Pilgrims (Separatists and Anglicans); rather than being entrepreneurs like many of the settlers of Jamestown, people were fleeing religious persecution and searching for a place to worship as they saw fit
Term
Powhatan Confederacy
Definition
confederation of Indian tribes in Virginia; 15,000-20,000 when English settled Jamestown in 1607
Term
Predestination
Definition
world was divided by the elect and the damned; all sought salvation; taught by John Calvin to Puritans, who took religion very seriously
Term
Proclamation of 1763 (October 7, 1753)
Definition
issued after French and Indian War; prohibited settlement, surveys, and land grants west of the Appalachian Mountains; causes resentment
Term
Protestant Reformation (16th Century)
Definition
result of Martin Luther's teachings; all should read Bible rather than rely on priests to interpret it for them; accused the Church of worldliness and wanted to cleanse it of its sins; led to new Protestant churches independent from Rome and drove Europe into more than a century of religious and political conflict
Term
Quaker Invasion of Massachusestts (1659, 1660)
Definition
led by Hutchinson, appeared in Mass.; whipped, fined, and banished; four Quakers who returned from exile were hanged; treatment of Quakers gave Mass. a bad reputation
Term
Quebec Act of 1774
Definition
Term
Rice Colonies
Definition
Term
Roanoke (1585-?)
Definition
attempt by Queen Elizabeth under Sir Walter Raleigh to establish a permanent English settlement; 100 were sent; colony disappeared after only 9 months; "The Lost Colony"
Term
Stamp Act of 1765 (1765)
Definition
required all sorts of printed material produced in the colonies carry a stamp purchased from authorities; started "no taxation without representation'; tried to help finance British troops in North America
Term
Tea Act (May 10, 1773)
Definition
permitted the British East India Company to sell tea directly from colonists; allowed company to sell tea cheaper than tea sold by colonial merchants by bypassing them; revived the colonial issue of no taxation without representation; led to the Boston Tea Party
Term
Tituba
Definition
17th century slave; belonged to Parris of Salem; one of first girls accused of practicing witchcraft; also first person to confess to practicing witchcraft; unintentionally set Salem into chaos by hinting that Satan was among them
Term
Townshend Duties
Definition
Term
Triangle Trade
Definition
Term
War of Jenkins' Ear (1740-1748)
Definition
started over Spanish shipping regulations; French jumped in the matter; naval war began; New England was affected; ended in a draw
Supporting users have an ad free experience!