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Hist 101 Quiz 1 Miano Mesa
David Miano Mesa College History 101 Study Guide for Quiz 1, guaranteed 95%
33
History
Undergraduate 2
03/05/2013

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Term
Nahuatl
Definition
The language of the Aztecs.
Term
Tenochtitlan
Definition
The capital city of the Aztecs.
Term
Pachacitu
Definition
Founder of the Aztec Empire and unified Peru under the Inca control.
Term
Quechua
Definition
The non-verbal language of the Inca, through the use of strings with knots hanging from sticks.
Term
Hiawatha
Definition
With snakes in his hair, he founded the confederacy after overthrowing the tyrant.
Term
Philip the IV
Definition
The king of France in the 1300s who conflicted with the Pope and the taxation of clergyman.
Term
Avignon Papacy
Definition
The proposition to move the quarters of the Pope from Rome to France.
Term
Great Papal Schism
Definition
When the cardinals undecided the Pope of Rome vs and elected a new Pope of France.
Term
The 100 Year War
Definition
A long period of turmoil between France and England over who was to control France.
Term
Joan of Arc
Definition
A French peasant who helped France overthrow England in the hundred years war.
Term
The Black Death
Definition
The Great Mortality of England in 1348 was thought to be a sign from the heavens.
Term
Humanism
Definition
Stemming from the Greeks and Romans, in effort to understand human nature rather than the divine.
Term
Reconquista
Definition
Spain’s need for independence from Muslim control
Term
Martin Luther
Definition
An educated man who believed through faith alone could one be saved from purgatory, you can’t buy your way out of hell by paying money for sins.
Term
The Habsburgs
Definition
Directly controlled a large portion of Hungary and Austria called the Holy Roman Empire.
Term
Peace of Augsburg
Definition
Established Protestantism as a legal religion and allowed state Princes to determine its own religion.
Term
John Calvin
Definition
Believed in predestination, obedient wives and in the government’s enforcement of a proper religion.
Term
Edict of Nantes
Definition
Allowed Huguenots the right to religious freedom of being protestant.
Term
Henry the VIII
Definition
Broke the church away from Roman Catholics was denied a divorce by the Pope.
Term
Thirty Years War
Definition
A religious war, which ended the protestant reformation and tolerated other religions after the Reformed Church became known as Lutheran.
Term
Society of Jesus
Definition
The missionaries of Catholic faith who played an international role in resisting Protestantism.
Term
Hernando Cortes
Definition
Conquered the Aztecs, Peru, the Inca Capital and Tenoshitilan Nation with a small army.
Term
Absolutism
Definition
A system of government in which the ruler claims sole and incontestable sovereignty.
Term
Constitutionalism
Definition
A system in which the ruler has to share power with parliaments made up of elected representatives.
Term
Louis the XIV
Definition
His sole ownership of the government, he brought France to its height of power in the 1600s by banning Protestantism, moving the court to Versailles while being his own Prime Minister.
Term
Mercantilism
Definition
A new economic policy developed by Louis, regulates and promotes commercialism by the government with high tariffs and limited imports.
Term
William the III Orange
Definition
Ruler of Netherlands and he married the King of England’s daughter, aka “Stadholder.”
Term
English Civil War
Definition
Parliament be-headed King Charles and created the Commonwealth – a government w/out a king.
Term
Oliver Cromwell
Definition
Leader of independents that ruled England for 3 years as the lord and protector.
Term
Social Contract
Definition
The people give the government power ensuring a person’s life, liberty, property are to be protected.
Term
Nicholas Copernicus
Definition
Exiled by church & theorists of science for claiming the earth circled around the sun.
Term
Rene Descartes
Definition
By Deductive reasoning we can separate physical and spiritual thing research “I think therefore I am.”
Term
Isaac Newton
Definition
Founder of gravity and calculus and the creator of The Three Laws of Motion; inertia, reaction, force.
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