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Hip Anatomy
Dr. Brown's Lecture on Hip Anatomy
50
Anatomy
Graduate
11/05/2010

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Cards

Term
What type of cartilage covers the acetabulum?
Definition
Hyaline Cartilage
Term
Where is the acetabular articular cartilage the thickest?
Definition
Anteriosuperiorly
Term
Fovea Capitus
Definition
Area occupied by ligamentum teres and obturator artery
Term
What is the acetabular labrum composed of?
Definition
Mostly type 1 collagen fiber bundles running parallel to the rim
Term
What are the function of the acetabular labrum?
Definition
deepens the acetabulum
reduces contact stress by increasing contact area
provides proprioceptive feedback and enhances joint stability
Term
Hip Flexion ROM
Definition
0-140 degrees
Term
Hip Extension ROM
Definition
0-45 degrees
Term
Closed chain motions at the hip
Definition
deep squatting, stance phase of gait, cycling
Term
Arthrokinematics of Hip Flexion
Definition
Spin with posterior glide of femoral head on the acetabulum
Term
Arthrokinematices of Hip Extension
Definition
Spin with anterior glide of femoral head on acetabulum
Term
Hip ABduction ROM
Definition
0-40 degrees
Term
Hip ABduction arthrokinematics
Definition
inferior glide of femur on acetabulum
Term
Hip IR/ER ROM
Definition
IR- 0-40 degrees
ER- 0-45 degrees
Term
Hip IR arthrokinematics
Definition
posterior glide of femur on acetabulum
Term
Hip ER arthrokinematics
Definition
anterior glide of femur on acetabulum
Term
Angulation of the femoral head
Definition
anteriorly, superiorly, and medially
Term
Angle of Anteversion or Declination
Definition
The angle the femoral neck makes with the acetabulum
Term
Rotation of the femoral neck
Definition
externally compared to the shaft
Term
Hip Capsular Pattern
Definition
IR limitation > Flexion & ABduction
*order may vary but this is most common
Term
When is the ligamentum teres most taut?
Definition
With ADduction or distraction
Term
What does the pubofemoral ligament limit?
Definition
prevents excessive ABduction
limits extension and lateral rotation
Term
What is the strongest ligament in the body?
Definition
Iliofemoral Ligament
Term
What does iliofemoral ligament limi?
Definition
prevents excessive extension
resists ADduction and lateral rotation
Term
What does the ischiofemoral ligament limit?
Definition
resists ADduction, medial rotation, and extension
Term
Hip Flexors
Definition
Iliopsaos
Rectus Femoris
Sartorius
Term
Hip Extensors
Definition
Gluteus Maximus
Posterior aspect of Gluteus Medius
Hamstrings
Term
Hip ADductors
Definition
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Longus
Adductor Magnus
Pectineus
Gracilis
Term
Hip ABductors
Definition
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Tensor Facia Latae
Term
Hip External Rotators
Definition
Piriformis
Superior/Inferior Gemellus
Obterator Externus/Internus
Sartorius
Quadratus Lumborum
Term
Hip Internal Rotators
Definition
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus
Anterior part of Gluteus Medius
Anterior part of Gluteus Minimus
Pectineus
Gracilis
Term
What muscle group should counterbalance the iliopsaos?
Definition
The abdominals
*weak abdominals will allow anterior pelvic tilt
Term
What is the primary hip extensor?
Definition
Gluteus Maximus
Term
What is the Anlge of Wiberg?
Definition
amount of inferior tilt of the acetabulum
*positive correlation between angle and joint contact area
Term
Angle of Inclination
Definition
angle between longitudinal axis of the femoral shaft in the frontal plane
Term
Normal Angle of Inclination
Definition
Male- 125 degrees
Female- 115 degrees
Term
Coxa Valga
Definition
Angle of inclination > 125 degrees
promotes dislocation
lengthens limb
= lateral displacement of joint reaction forces
Shortens moment arm of ABductors causing mechanical disadvantage
Term
Related Postures of Coxa Valga
Definition
Ipsilateral Genu Varus
Longer Ipsilateral Leg
Posterior Pelvic Rotation
Term
Compensations related to Coxa Valga
Definition
Ipsilateral Pronation
Contralateral Supination
Contralateral Plantarfelxion
Ipsilateral Recurvatum
Ipsilateral ant. pelvic rotation
Contralateral lumbar rotation
Term
Coxa Vara
Definition
Angle < 125 degrees
increases stability
shortens limb
higher incidence of femoral fractures
Term
Coxa Vara Related Postures
Definition
Ipsilateral Genu Valgus
Shortened Ipsilaterl Leg
Anterior Pelvic Rotation
Term
Coxa Vara Compensations
Definition
Ipsilateral Supination
Contralaterl Pronation
Ipsilateral Plantarflexion
Contralateral Recurvatum
Ipsilateral Posterior pelvic rotation
Ipsilateral Lumbar rotation
Term
Angle of Torsion
Definition
Occurs in transverse plane between the axis through femoral head and neck and an axis throug the distal femoral condyles
Term
Anteversion
Definition
pathological increase in the angle of anterior torsion
twice as common in females in males
characterized by excessive IR and loss of ER
Term
Signs of Anteversion
Definition
excessive IR of femur
Squinting Patella
Toeing in
Loss of ER of femur
Term
Retroversion
Definition
pathological decrease in anterior torsion or reversal of torsion
*promotes stability
Term
Wolff's Law
Definition
bone is deposited and reabsorbed in accordance with the stresses placed upon it
Term
Hip closed packed position
Definition
0-15 degrees extension
30 degrees ABduction and IR
Term
Hip open packed position
Definition
30 degrees flexion
30 degrees ABduction
0-minimal ER
Term
Does Coxa Vara shorten or lengthe ipsilateral leg?
Definition
Shorten
Term
Does Coxa Valga shorten or lengthen ipsilateral leg?
Definition
Lengthen
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