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Hinduism
Hinduism terms
32
History
Not Applicable
10/12/2011

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Term
Agni
Definition
the hindu god of fire, fire is important because it’s how the people pay homage to the gods
Term
Ahimsa
Definition
in sanskrit,literally means "non in jury" It is the principle that a person should do not no harm. In Jainism this inculdes all creatures (even bugs)
Term
Arjuna
Definition
one of the greatest warriors of the Pandavas
Term
Aryan migration thesis
Definition
a group of people who emigrated from the west into the upper Indus Valley & the nearby territory around 1500BCE, interacted with the Dravidians & established which is now the Vedic culture
Term
Ātman
Definition
an individual’s soul or self. The ultimate goal in Hinduism is to achieve moksha (libration) though the realization that ones Atman and Brahman are the same thing. This is accomplished by different types of yoga
Term
Bhagavad Gītā
Definition
"Song of the Lord" section of the Mahabharata in which Krishna reveals himself to Arjuna and in a long theological discussion describing karma yoga
Term
Bhakti
Definition
practices of worship or devotion to a Hindu God or Goddess
Term
Dharma
Definition
means virtue. Refers to the duties of a person’s caste (varna & jati) and the idea is that it is virtuous always to fulfill your duties willing and expertly
Term
Householder (gṛhastha)
Definition
2nd of the 4 stages of human life. When one takes on the responsibilities of an adult life; Marriage, raising children, business etc, followed by retirement
Term
Karma
Definition
Sanskrit term meaning action, Refers to a concept in with the results of one’s actions accumulate over one’s life time, upon death the individual whether its born in a higher caste or a lower caste.
Term
Kṛṣṇa
Definition
a god who is one of the avatars of Vishnu, He plays a key part in the Mahabharata where he decribes the 3 yogas
Term
Kṣatriya
Definition
the 2nd of the 4 main Hindu castes or varnas , this is the caste of the warrior, leaders, and administrators
Term
Liberation (mokṣa)
Definition
or release from the cycle of death and rebirth
Term
Mahābhārata
Definition
is one of the two major Sanskrit epics the other is the Ramayana. The Mahabharata discusses the 4 goals of life dharma(right action), artha(purpose), kama(pleasure) and moksha(liberation)
Term
Purāṇa
Definition
group of writings about the adventures and activities of Hinduisms gods and goddess. Most were composed during the classical period of Hinduism with some being later
Term
Rāmāyaṇa
Definition
the long epic that tells the story about Rama and his love for Sita, her capture, the long series of battles and quest Rama carries out to free her
Term
Renouncer (saṃnyāsin)
Definition
3rd stage of human life; followed by sonnyosin during this time retirement (forest dweller) contemplates their life and trys to figure out “what its all about”
Term
Saṃsāra
Definition
cycle of death and rebirth in Hinduism& Buddhism
Term
Śiva
Definition
1 of 2 main gods in hinduism
Term
Soma
Definition
a drink that Brahmins drank, warriors drink it before battle, its also thought as a kind of god
Term
Śūdra
Definition
the 4th and the lowest Hindu caste, mean “slave” they are the only caste that are not twice born
Term
Upaniṣad
Definition
"A secret Connection/sitting at the feet" the latest of the writings to be considered part of the vedic period written between 8th -3rd BCE. Collections of stories discussions and instructions
Term
Varṇa
Definition
hindu term for caste (a social division into which a person is born) 4 major castes, the 1st 3 castes are twice born. Each varna can be divided into a # of jatis. Untouchables belong 4 varnas
Term
Veda
Definition
oldest hindu text, there are 4 in total, was created by the creator him self
Term
Viṣṇu
Definition
the ultimate god, has 10 avatars ex. Rama and Buddha
Term
Yoga
Definition
similar to mediation / in Sanskrit means “yoke” as in harness O2, discipline is the goal
Term
Indra
Definition
(king of the gods)lightening, rain, soma,(same as drink), slayed Agni(god of fire)
Term
Rudra (the Howler)
Definition
Destructive god, early form of siva, god of wind and storm
Term
What are the 3 debts
Definition
1.Debt to god=study and gain knowledge
2.Debt to the sages=performing ritualistic worship
3.Debt to the ancestors= having children
Term
Indus River Valley Civilization
Definition
* thrived 2500to 1500BCE around the Indus Valley.
*Harappa & Mohenjo-daro are the most important sites that the peak of civilization there were 20,000-30,000 people
*Pashupati= Lord of Creatures (Shiva)
*Dravidian language/ Proto Sanskrit
*Indo European language
Term
Aryan Migration thesis
Definition
*Cultural transformation
*1500BCE Aryans migrated
*Horses were imported
*Arya=noble
*Daksu=slave
*Swostica = sun, well being
*Vedas were composed by Aryans
Term
Vedic Ritual
Definition
*Srauta Sutras = dealing with the text and performing them correctly (public rights)it has to be prefect (every word) correct pronunciation in Sanskrit
*Grhya sutras= dealing with domestic rites 3 fires instead of 1
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