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Hindquarter Skeleton & Muscles
hindquarter, skeleton, muscles
46
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
03/24/2014

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Cards

Term
What is the function of the lumbar vertebrae?
Definition
-support weight of abdomen
-provide attachment for muscles of abdominal wall
Term
[image]
Definition

1. Ischium

2. Femur

3. Sacrum

4. Ilium

Term
What vertebrae give a clue to animal age in the dressed carcass, and how?
Definition
sacral vertebrae - degree of fusion
Term
What are the 3 bones of the pelvis?
Definition
Ilium (most anterior)
Ischium (most posterior)
Pubis
Term
What joint is formed by the ilium & sacrum?
Definition
slip joint
Term
What bone is seen in a sirloin steak?
Definition
ilium
Term
What part of bone forms the hooks?
Definition
anterior edges of ilia
Term
What separates the left and right pubis?
Definition
fibrocartilage
Term
[image]
Definition

1. lesser sciatic notch

2. ischiatic spine

3. greater sciatic notch

4. psoas tubercle

5. obturator foramen

6. symphysis pubis

7. ischium

8. ilium

Term
What is the term for the pubic bone when it is exposed on a carcass?
Definition
aitch b
Term
Describe the aitch bone in steer & bulls vs cows
Definition
Curved in steer & bulls
Straight in cow
Term
[image]
Definition

1. Tiber coxae

2. Acetabulum

3. Acetabular ramus of ischium

4. Tuber ischii

5. Symphysis pubis

6. Ilium

7. Pibis

8. Ischium

Term
Which caudal vertebrae are left on a commercial beef carcass?
Definition
only 2 coccygeal (tail) vertebrae
Term
[image]
Definition

X - pizzle eye

1. steer

2. heifer

3. cow

Term
True or False

The longissimus dorsi is seen in sirloin steaks
Definition
False

Only in meat from ribs & loin
Term
The longissimus dorsi is ____ to the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae
Definition
dorsal
Term
The longissimus dorsi is ______ to the ribs in the thoracic region
Definition
dorsal
Term
The longissimus dorsi terminates on the (posterior/anterior) face of the ilium
Definition
anterior
Term
What muscle is ventral to the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae?
Definition
psoas major
Term
What muscle is dorsal to the transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae?
Definition
longissimus dorsi
Term
What muscle is medial to the psoas major?
Definition
psoas minor
Term
What muscles are immediately lateral to the dorsal spines of the vertebrae?
Definition
multifidus dorsi
Term
Why are the longissimus costarum and multifidus dorsi problematic when measuring rib-eye areas?
Definition
they are small muscles with little commercial significance, but might be accidentally included with longissimus dorsi measurements
Term
What is the thin sheet of muscle spread over the face of the hindlimb?
Definition
gracilis
Term
What muscle is anterior to the gracilis?
Definition
small sartorius
Term
What is the function of the gracilis & sartorius when cutting meat?
Definition
to orient hindlimb cuts & ID remaining muscles of the hindlimb
Term
What muscles pull on the patella when the leg is extended?
Definition
quadriceps femoris
Term
What 4 muscles make up the quadriceps femoris, and note their relative positions
Definition
Vastus medialis (medial)
Vastus lateralis (lateral)
Vastus intermedius (covers anterior face of femur)
Rectus femoris (covers vastus intermedius)
Term
What muscle is often mistaken as being two separate muscles due to the presence of a deep cleft?
Definition
biceps femoris
Term
The semimembranosus is ____ to the semitendinosus
Definition
medial
Term
The semitendinosus is _____ to the semimembranosus
Definition
lateral
Term
The pactinus is _____ to the adductor
Definition
anterior
Term
The adductor is ______ to the pactinus
Definition
posterior
Term
What muscle pulls on the achilles tendon at the hock, and is equivalent to the calf muscle in humans?
Definition
gastrocnemius
Term
What is a major anatomical difference between the human leg and the hind limbs of meat animals?
Definition
gastrocnemius is not covered by posterior thigh muscles in humans
Term
Describe the position of the gluteus medius in meat animals?
Definition
lateral
-covers lateral face of ilium
Term
Arrange the following in order from medial to lateral, and note which is largest

Gluteus medius
Gluteus profundus
Gluteus accessorius
Definition
Gluteus profundus
Gluteus accessorius
Gluteus medius ** largest
Term
What muscles form the iliopsoas?
Definition
psoas major + iliacus
Term
True or False

Flank muscles are very tender
Definition
False

very tough
Term
What triangular muscle is found between the flank and hindlimb?
Definition
tensor fascia
Term
What covers the anterior surface of the hindlimb?
Definition
fascia lata
Term
What is the term for the knee cap?
Definition
patella
Term
What vertebrae have wing-like transverse processes?
Definition
lumbar vertebrae
Term
This is a 2-headed muscle on lateral surface of leg
Definition
biceps femoris
Term
Which tarsals are fused in ruminants?
Definition
3 & 4
Term
How many phalanges are found in each digit?
Definition
3
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