Term
|
Definition
| Leader of Norman Conqest - conquered England in 1066 at the Battle of Hastings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| English king - known for "common law" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| English king - known for signing the Magna Carta |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| English king - known for founding English Parliament |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Founder of French monarchy - made office hereditary, made Paris capital |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| French peasant girl who unified France during the Hundred Years' War and inspired them to drive out the English |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Spanish monarchs who united the country and expelled Muslims and Jews (Reconquista and Inquisition) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Russian ruler who got rid of the Mongols, expaned Russian kingdom, and centralized power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Called for the First Crusade in 1095 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- William the Conqueror - leader of Norman Conquest who united most of England
- Common law began during regin of Henry II
- King John signed the Magna Carta, limiting the king's power
- 100 Years' War against France (England lost) helped define England as a nation
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Hugh Capet establishd the French throne in Paris, and his dynasty expanded their control of most of France - laid foundations for French monarchy
- 100 Years' War against England (France won) helped define France as a nation
- Joan of Arc was a unifying force
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Ferdinand and Isabella unified their country and expelled the Muslims (Reconquista) and Jews (Inquisition)
- Spanish Empire in Western Hemisphere expanded under Charles V
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Ivan the Great threw off the rule of the Mongols, centralized power in Moscow, and expanded the Russian nation
- Power was centralized in the hands of the czar (tsar)
- The Orthodox Church linked Russia with Byzantine Empire
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Series of wars between Christians and Muslims over control of Jerusalem (Holy Land) |
|
|
Term
| Who called for the First Crusade? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Key Events of the Crusades: |
|
Definition
- Pope Urban's speech calling for crusaders (1095 AD)
- The capture of Jerusalem during 1st Crusade (1099)
- Founding of Crusader states throughout Middle East after 1st Crusade
- Loss of Jerusalem to Muslims (Saladin) - 3rd Crusade
- Sack of Constantinople by western Crusaders during 4th Crusade
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Weakened the Pope and nobles - strengthened monarchs (kings)
- Stimulated (increased) trade between Western Europe and Middle East
- Bitterness between Christians, Muslims and Jews
- Weakened Byzantine Empire
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nomadic warriors from Central Asia - invaded Russia, China, and Muslim states of Southwest Asia - created very large empire
|
|
|
Term
| What happened to Constantinople in 1453? |
|
Definition
| Fell to the Ottoman Turks - renamed Istanbul and became capital of new Ottoman Empire |
|
|
Term
| What was the Black Death? |
|
Definition
| Bubonic plague - spread from East Asia to Europe through trade routes - killed 1/3 of population in Europe |
|
|
Term
| Effects of the Black Death: |
|
Definition
- Decline in population
- Scarcity of labor - workers could demand better conditions and higher wages
- Towns freed from feudal obligations - end of feudalism
- Decline of church influence
- Disruption of trade
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Among few who could read or write
- Worked in monasteries
- Translated Greek and Arabic works into Latin - made knowledge in philosophy, medicine, and science available to Europe
- Laid foundations for rise of universities in Europe
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Document signed by King John - limited the power of the English king and listed rights of English citizens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| War between England and France over power, land, and the French throne |
|
|
Term
| Who won the 100 Year's War? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What were the effects of the Hundred Year's War? |
|
Definition
- Helped define England and France as nations
- Gave France sense of national identity and strengthened the monarchy
|
|
|
