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Hemodynamics
factors effecting blood flow
27
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/28/2008

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Cards

Term
What is blood flow
Definition
the volume of blood that flows through a tissue in any given time period
Term
What is total blood flow equal to
Definition
cardiac output
Term
What happens to blood flow when cardiac output is increased
Definition
blood flow to capillaries increases
Term
What two factors influence the flow of blood
Definition
pressure differences and resistance
Term
What is blood pressure
Definition
the force blood exerts on the vascular walls
Term
How does blood pressure change with distance from the heart
Definition
blood pressure decreases with increasing distance from the heart
Term
What is systolic blood pressure
Definition
the highest pressure in arteries during systole
Term
What is diastolic pressure
Definition
the lowest pressure in arteries during diastole
Term
What is the blood pressure of the capillaries at the precapillary sphincters
Definition
35 mmHg
Term
What does the blood pressure drop to in the venules
Definition
16 mmHg
Term
What is the blood pressure value at the right atrium
Definition
0 mmHg
Term
What is mean arterial pressure
Definition
the average pressure in the arteries
Term
What is the formula for mean arterial pressure
Definition
DBP - 1/3(SP- DP)
Term
What two factors does blood pressure depend on
Definition
cardiac output, total blood volume
Term
What is the relationship between cardiac output and blood pressure
Definition
an increase in cardiac output causes an increase in blood volume
Term
What is the relationship between blood pressure and total blood volume
Definition
An increase in total blood volume increases blood pressure
Term
What is resistance caused by
Definition
the friction between blood and the vascular walls
Term
What three factors effect resistance
Definition
blood viscosity, total blood vessel length, diameter of lumen
Term
How does the size of the lumen effect resistance
Definition
the smaller the lumen the greater the resistance
Term
How does blood viscosity effect resistance
Definition
the thicker the blood the greater the resistance
Term
What two conditions can cause increased blood viscosity
Definition
polycythemia and dehydration
Term
How does total blood vessel length effect resistance
Definition
an increase in total blood vessel length increases resistance
Term
What condition causes an increase in total blood vessel length
Definition
obesity
Term
What is venous return
Definition
the volume of blood flowing back to the heart through systemic veins
Term
What factors aid venous return
Definition
venous valves, respiratory pump, skeletal muscle pump
Term
What does skeletal muscle contraction do to veins and the blood in them
Definition
it compresses the vein which helps to move the blood toward the heart
Term
In the respiratory pump what happens during inhalation
Definition
The diaphragm moves inferiorly which increases pressure in the abdominal cavity and compresses abdomimal veins helping to move the blood toward the heart
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