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Heart
Unit 3
26
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
11/05/2012

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Cards

Term
Of the three layers of the heart wall, the layer that contains the cardiac muscle is the…?
Definition
Myocardium
Term
What is PERICARDITIS?
Definition
Inflamed outer layer of the heart.
Term
A penetrating stab wound to the heart wall that causes blood to leak into the pericardial cavity, leading to an improper heart beat is what condition?
Definition
CARDIAC TAPENADE
Term
What condition of the heart is caused by bacterial infection, and can damage the valves?
Definition
Endocarditis
Term
What structure closes to prevent blood from going from the pulmonary artery back into the right ventricle?
Definition
Pulmonary Semilunar Valves
Term
Describe the blood flow into and out of the heart, listing all the structures.
Definition
Deoxy blood à sup/inf vena cava à R atrium à tricuspid valve à R ventricle à pulmonary semilunar valve à pulmonary artery à lungs à pulmonary veins à Left atrium à mitral (bicuspid) valve à Left ventricle à aortic semilunar valve à aorta à rest of body.
Term
What chamber is responsible for generating the largest pressure upon contraction
Definition
Left ventricle
Term
Stenosis (blockage) of the mitral valve may cause blood to back up into where?
Definition
The pulmonary circulation
Term
What structure is located between the ventricles and the great arteries?
Definition
The Semilunar valves
Term
If the beating heart makes a “lub-dub” sound, the “dub” sound is caused by what?
Definition
Vibrations that result from blood hitting the semilunar valves after they slam shut.
Term
When the Left & Right Ventricles contract at the same time, what is that called? What are the atria doing during this time?
Definition
• SYSTOLE
-Ventricles contract
-Atria relax
Term
When ventricles are relaxed, it’s called? What are the atria doing during this time?
Definition
• DIASTOLE:
-Ventricles relax
-Atria contract
Term
What is the most common heart valve disorder?
Definition
Mitral valve prolapse
Term
Describe the path that an action potential takes during depolarization of the heart.
Definition
SA node, AV node, bundle of His, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers.
Term
What does the Bundle of His do to the electrical signal pathway?
Definition
Slows it down to give the atria a chance to finish contracting.
Term
What is the name of the condition when there is a problem with the SA or AV node which causes an irregular heartbeat?
Definition
ARRHYTHMIA
Term
What is the name of the condition when there is a problem with the SA or AV node which causes an irregular heartbeat?
Definition
ARRHYTHMIA
Term
What condition means a heartbeat that is too fast?
Definition
Tachycardia
Term
What condition means a heartbeat that is too slow?
Definition
Bradycardia
Term
What condition is when the ventricles are unable to pump blood efficiently due to rapid, random contraction of cardiac muscle fibers?
Definition
VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION
Term
What is the term for PAIN caused by deficient blood delivery to the heart wall?
Definition
Angina
Term
What is ISCHEMIA?
Definition
Lack of blood/ oxygen
Term
What is the proper term for a heart attack?
Definition
Myocardial infarction
Term
What is a procedure to inject dye into the arteries and x-ray to see if there is narrowing (sclerosis) of a vessel?
Definition
An ANGIOGRAM
Term
If an artery is too narrow, what procedure can be performed to open it up?
Definition
An ANGIOPLASTY
Term
What is a sac-like out pouching of an artery?
Definition
Aneurysm
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