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Heart Test
cardiovascular and blood sections- Devlin
57
Anatomy
11th Grade
02/21/2011

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Term
pericardium
Definition
("around the heart") is a triple-layered fluid-filled sac that surrounds the heart.
Term
myocardium
Definition
("muscle heart") is the muscular wall of the heart and consists mainly of cardiac muscle
Term
endocardium
Definition
is an innermost, thin, smooth layer of epithelial tissue that lines the inner surface of the heart chambers and valves.
Term
3 types of blood vessels
Definition
capillaries, arteries, veins
Term
arteries
Definition
elastic, muscular tubes that carry the blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the capillaries.
Term
arteries are 3 layers thick
Definition
tunica intima (endothelium), tunica media(thick), tunica externa(fibrous conn tissue)
Term
Tunica Intima
Definition
Single layer of endothelium
Term
Tunica Intima
Definition
Provides a smooth surface to decrease resistance to blood flow.
Only tunic made of capillaries
Term
Tunica Media
Definition
Bulky middle coat, containing smooth muscle and elastin
Term
Tunica Media
Definition
Only tunic tht plays an active role in blood pressure regulation
Term
Tunica Externa
Definition
adventitia- supporting, protective coat
Term
The blood flow through the capillaries is regulated by a _________, a ring of muscle, that contracts to control the flow of blood through the capillaries
Definition
sphincter
Term
What are the components of blood?
Definition
22 percent solids and 78 percent water-
(plasma)
Term
RBC's (erythrocytes)
Definition
- carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
Term
WBC's (leukocytes)
Definition
- help fight infections and aid in the immune process.
Term
Platelets (thrombocytes
Definition
help in blood clotting
Term
Chemical substances
Definition
Carbohydrates.
Proteins.
Hormones
Term
gases
Definition
Oxygen.
Carbon dioxide.
Nitrogen
Term
Plasma, in which the blood cells are suspended, includes:
Definition
RBC's, WBC's, Fat Globules, chemical substances, platelets, gases,
Term
Blood has 2 general functions
Definition
1) Protection
2) Transportation
Term
Blood is classified as _____ tissue.
Definition
connective
Term
Three parts of blood are:
Definition
Non-living matrix, fibers, and cells
Term
The shape of R.B.C's are:
Definition
Biconcave disks.
Term
RBC's are also called:
Definition
erythrocytes
Term
WBC's are also called:
Definition
leukocytes
Term
Where is blood formed?
Definition
Bone marrow
Term
function of RBC's is to?
Definition
Carry oxygen
Term
The O2 carrying molecule is called?
Definition
Hemoglobin
Term
The disease resulting from a loss of RBC's is
Definition
Anemia
Term
The most abundant WBC is ?
Definition
Neutrophil
Term
Another name for platelets is?
Definition
Thrombocytes
Term
AB
Definition
Universal Recepient
Term
O
Definition
Universal Donor
Term
Tricuspid valve
Definition
- located between the right atrium and the right ventricle.
Term
Pulmonary valve
Definition
- located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
Term
Mitral valve
Definition
- located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
Term
Aortic valve
Definition
- located between the left ventricle and the aorta.
Term
diastolic pressure
Definition
lowest pressure to which blood pressure falls between contractions of the ventricles.
Term
systolic pressure
Definition
The peak blood pressure when ventricles contract.
Term
cardiac output
Definition
total amount of blood being pumped by the heart over a particular period of time.
Term
cardiac cycle
Definition
The whole sequence of events that produces an heart beat and normally takes place in less than one second. The atria (see ATRIUM) contract together and force the BLOOD into ventricles (DIASTOLE). These then also contract (SYSTOLE) and blood exits the heart and is pumped around the body
Term
stroke volume
Definition
The amount of blood the heart can pump out in one beat. Prolonged aerobic exercise can increase stroke volume, which frequently results in a slower heart rate
Term
bradycardia
Definition
The condition of having a slow heartbeat, defined as under 60 beats per minute for an adult
Term
tachycardia
Definition
abnormally rapid heartbeat (over 100 beats per minute
Term
angina pectoris
Definition
Pain or discomfort in the chest due to inadequacy of blood supply to meet oxygen demands of the myocardium, commonly precipitated by effort or emotion.
Term
myocardial infraction
Definition
death of the heart muscle due to insufficient blood supply, usually due to clot obstructing blood flow (lay term: heart attack)
Term
antigen
Definition
any substance (as a toxin or enzyme) that stimulates an immune response in the body (especially the production of antibodies
Term
hemostasis
Definition
The process by which blood flow is stopped. This is another word to describe the processes of clot formation
Term
What hormone regulates rbc production?
Definition
Erythropoietin
Term
HOw long do RBCs live?
Definition
120 days
Term
Valves of the heart
Definition
1)Aortic 2)Mitrol 3)Pulmonary 4)Tricuspid
Term
How is blood type determined?
Definition
genetics/ ABO blood antigens present on redblood cells
Term
Femoral Artery
Definition
Thigh
Term
Brachial Artery
Definition
Fore Arm
Term
Popliteal Artery
Definition
Calf
Term
Facial Artery
Definition
LOWER jaW
Term
Radial Artery
Definition
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