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Heart Reading Assignment
Test 2
44
Anatomy
Not Applicable
09/30/2018

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Cards

Term
The tough outer ____ pericardium is made up of a strong layer of dense connective tissue:
Definition
Fibrous pericardium
Term
The outer or ____ layer of the serous pericardium adheres to the inner surface of the fibrous pericardium:
Definition
Parietal layer
Term
The inner or ____ layer of the serous pericardium lies on the surface of the heart:
Definition
Visceral layer
Term
The thick, middle layer of the heart wall consisting of cardiac muscle fibers:
Definition
Myocardium
Term
The outer layer of the heart wall consisting of a serous membrane and adipose (fat) tissue:
Definition
Epicardium
Term
The innermost layer of the heart wall consisting of simple squamous epithelium and a thin layer of connective tissue:
Definition
Endocardium
Term
A small, ear shaped flap that extends anteriorly from the right and left atrium:
Definition
Right auricle
Term
Horizontal muscular ridges lining the anterior part of the right atrium:
Definition
Pectinate muscles
Term
A depression in the interatrial septum that marks where an opening existed in the fetal heart:
Definition
Fossa ovalis
Term
Irregular muscular ridges lining the ventricular walls:
Definition
Trabeculae
Term
Cone shaped muscles that project from the ventricular walls towards the bicuspid and tricuspid valves:
Definition
Papillary muscles
Term
Thin, strong bands that extend from the structures that extend from the ? to the bicuspid and tricuspid valves:
Definition
Chordae tendineae
Term
What is the function of the papillary muscles and the chordae tendineae?
Definition
• The papillary muscles contract and pull on the chorea tendineae to hold the atrioventricular (AV) vales closed to prevent the reflux of blood from the ventricles into the atria.
Term
What is the function of the fascia adherens and gap junctions in the intercalated disks?
Definition
• Fascia adherens (bind adjacent cells together, transmit contractile force between cells)
• Gap junctions (allow ions to pass between cells, transmit contractile signal between cells)
Term
As the heart ages, what happens to the cusps of the heart valves?
Definition
Hardening and thickening, particularly in those valves subjected to the highest blood pressures
Term
Cardiac reserve ____ with age:
Definition
Decreases
Term
Cardiac muscle becomes more fibrotic with age. What does this mean?
Definition
They harden and thicken
Term
Which structures are found in the Tunica Media?
Definition
external elastic membrane
smooth muscle
Term
Which structures are found in the Tunica externa?
Definition
Vasa vasorum
Connective tissue(abundant collagen and elastic fibers?
Term
Which structures are found in the Tunica interna?
Definition
Endothelium
Internal elastic membrane
Subendothelial layer
Term
Continuous capillary:

Basement membrane; complete or incomplete?
Definition
Complete
Term
Fenestrated capillary:

Basement membrane; complete or incomplete?
Definition
Complete
Term
Sinusoid capillary:

Basement membrane; complete or incomplete?
Definition
Incomplete
Term
Continuous Capillary:

Intercellular clefts; large or small?
Definition
small
Term
Fenestrated Capillary:

Intercellular clefts; large or small?
Definition
Small
Term
Sinusoid Capillary:

Intercellular clefts; large or small?
Definition
Large
Term
Continuous Capillary:

Fenestrations; present or absent?
Definition
Absent
Term
Fenestrated Capillary:

Fenestrations; present or absent?
Definition
Present
Term
Sinusoid Capillary:

Fenestrations; present or absent?
Definition
Present
Term
Which capillary is found in the Kidneys?
Definition
Fenestrated
Term
Which capillary is found in the bone marrow?
Definition
Sinusoid
Term
Which capillary is found in the skeletal muscle?
Definition
continuous
Term
Which capillary is found in the central nervous system?
Definition
continuous
Term
Which capillary is found in the small intestine?
Definition
fenestrated
Term
Which capillary is found in the spleen?
Definition
Sinusoid
Term
Which blood vessel has more elastin in their walls?
Definition
Arteries
Term
Which blood vessel has a thicker tunica externa than tunica media?
Definition
veins
Term
Which blood vessel contains valves?
Definition
veins
Term
Which blood vessel has the thickest wall?
Definition
Arteries
Term
Which blood vessel has a larger lumen?
Definition
veins
Term
Which blood vessel has a thicker tunica media than tunica externa?
Definition
Arteries
Term
These structures lie along intermediate filaments and anchor the thin filaments (they correspond to the Z-discs in striated muscle)
Definition
Dense bodies
Term
Tiny spherical infoldings of the sarcolemma that sequester calcium close to the surface of the fiber membrane?
Definition
Caveolae
Term
The fibers in a single-unit or multi-unit smooth muscle linked by gap junctions?
Definition
Single unit
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