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Heart II
Rinaldi 3/9/11 lecture -2 hrs
33
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
03/07/2011

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Cards

Term
postsynaptic fibers end in the SA node, AV node, and coronary arteries
Definition
what are the 3 heart tissues that receive sympathetic innervation?
Term
lateral horns of spinal cord segments T1-T5
Definition
where are cell bodies of the sympathetic preganglionic neurons that innervate the heart found?
Term
cervical and superior thoracic paravertebral ganglia
Definition
where are the postganglionic sympathetic cell bodies located that innervate the heart?
Term
superior, middle, and inferior
Definition
paravertebral ganglia in the cervical region are not named for each spinal level, instead they are called _____
Term
increase HR, increase force, dilate arteries (para is opposite)
Definition
what does sympathetic innervation do to heart beat, force of heart beat, and the coronary arteries?
Term
the heart starts out where the head is and migrates down in development
Definition
why is the heart innervated with cervical fibers?
Term
preganglionic parasympathetic, and post ganglionic sympathetics
Definition
what kinds of fibers pre/post ganglionic fibers does the cardiac plexus contain?
Term
vagus nerve
Definition
what structure carries the parasympathetic innervation to the heart?
Term
different parts of the brain
Definition
where is the cell body of the vagus nerve?
Term
same as sympathetics: SA node, AV node, coronary arteries
Definition
where do postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers end in cardiac tissue?
Term
left and right innervation mixes here so that if there is a one sided injury one half of the heart does not just lose function like in the limbs.
Definition
what is the point of cardiac plexi?
Term
follow sympathetics backwards (except at the root because sensory goes to dorsal)
Definition
where do visceral pain pathways travel (to the heart)
Term
C8-T5 mostly on the left because that is where the sympathetic innervation is primarily and pain follows sympathetics
Definition
what spinal levels is cardiac PAIN referred to, why?
Term
yes, but it does not sense PAIN, mostly just for blood pressure reflexes that lower heart rate
Definition
does the vagus nerve have sensory(afferent) neurons?
Term
right atrium
Definition
in the wall of which chamber of the heart are the SA and AV nodes located?
Term
right atrium near the opening of the SVC and superior end of crista terminalis
Definition
describe the location of the SA node specifically
Term
interatrial septum just superior to the opening of the coronary sinus
Definition
describe specifically the location of the AV node
Term
SA node
Definition
what initiates cardiac muscle contraction and determines heart rate?
Term
goes from AV node in membranous part of IV septum divides into R & L bundle branches
Definition
where does the AV bundle travel?
Term
right coronary artery
Definition
which artery sends a branch to supply blood to the SA node?
Term
posterior interventricular (which comes off either right or left coronary artery depending on dominance)
Definition
what artery supplies blood to the AV node?
Term
deep to the 2nd intercostal space[sternal angle] spanning 1 fingerbreadth on either side of the sternum (also the great vessel origins are found here)
Definition
where can the superior border of the heart be located using surface anatomy?
Term
1 fb to the right of the sternum from intercostal space 2-5
Definition
where can the right heart border be found using surface antomy?
Term
1 fb to the right end of the sternal body to 1 hb(handsbreadth) to the left of the midline in the 5th intercostal space
Definition
where is the inferior border of the heart found using surface anatomy?
Term
upper margin of the 3rd costal cartilage on the right side
Definition
where can the SVC be found using surface anatomy?
Term
upper margin of the 3rd costal cartilage on the left side. It bifurcates deep to the 2nd costal cartilage
Definition
where can the pulmonary trunk be located using surface anatomy?
Term
near the midline at the 3rd intercostal space
Definition
where can the aorta be located using surface anatomy?
Term
deep to left 3rd sternocostal joint
Definition
where can the pulmonary valve be located using surface anatomy?
Term
deep to the sternal body on left side adjacent to the 3rd intercostal space
Definition
where can the aortic valve be located using surface anatomy?
Term
deep to the sternal body on the left side adjacent to the 4th intercostal space (just below the aortic valve)
Definition
where can the mitral valve be located using surface anatomy?
Term
behind the sternal body on the right side adjacent to the 5th intercostal space
Definition
where can the tricuspid valve be located using surface anatomy?
Term
auscultation points
Definition
areas where sounds from each valve may be heard most distinctly
Term
where blood flow is close and directed toward the chest wall(away from valve)
Definition
where are auscultation points heard best?
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