Term
| postsynaptic fibers end in the SA node, AV node, and coronary arteries |
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Definition
| what are the 3 heart tissues that receive sympathetic innervation? |
|
|
Term
| lateral horns of spinal cord segments T1-T5 |
|
Definition
| where are cell bodies of the sympathetic preganglionic neurons that innervate the heart found? |
|
|
Term
| cervical and superior thoracic paravertebral ganglia |
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Definition
| where are the postganglionic sympathetic cell bodies located that innervate the heart? |
|
|
Term
| superior, middle, and inferior |
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Definition
| paravertebral ganglia in the cervical region are not named for each spinal level, instead they are called _____ |
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|
Term
| increase HR, increase force, dilate arteries (para is opposite) |
|
Definition
| what does sympathetic innervation do to heart beat, force of heart beat, and the coronary arteries? |
|
|
Term
| the heart starts out where the head is and migrates down in development |
|
Definition
| why is the heart innervated with cervical fibers? |
|
|
Term
| preganglionic parasympathetic, and post ganglionic sympathetics |
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Definition
| what kinds of fibers pre/post ganglionic fibers does the cardiac plexus contain? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what structure carries the parasympathetic innervation to the heart? |
|
|
Term
| different parts of the brain |
|
Definition
| where is the cell body of the vagus nerve? |
|
|
Term
| same as sympathetics: SA node, AV node, coronary arteries |
|
Definition
| where do postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers end in cardiac tissue? |
|
|
Term
| left and right innervation mixes here so that if there is a one sided injury one half of the heart does not just lose function like in the limbs. |
|
Definition
| what is the point of cardiac plexi? |
|
|
Term
| follow sympathetics backwards (except at the root because sensory goes to dorsal) |
|
Definition
| where do visceral pain pathways travel (to the heart) |
|
|
Term
| C8-T5 mostly on the left because that is where the sympathetic innervation is primarily and pain follows sympathetics |
|
Definition
| what spinal levels is cardiac PAIN referred to, why? |
|
|
Term
| yes, but it does not sense PAIN, mostly just for blood pressure reflexes that lower heart rate |
|
Definition
| does the vagus nerve have sensory(afferent) neurons? |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| in the wall of which chamber of the heart are the SA and AV nodes located? |
|
|
Term
| right atrium near the opening of the SVC and superior end of crista terminalis |
|
Definition
| describe the location of the SA node specifically |
|
|
Term
| interatrial septum just superior to the opening of the coronary sinus |
|
Definition
| describe specifically the location of the AV node |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what initiates cardiac muscle contraction and determines heart rate? |
|
|
Term
| goes from AV node in membranous part of IV septum divides into R & L bundle branches |
|
Definition
| where does the AV bundle travel? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| which artery sends a branch to supply blood to the SA node? |
|
|
Term
| posterior interventricular (which comes off either right or left coronary artery depending on dominance) |
|
Definition
| what artery supplies blood to the AV node? |
|
|
Term
| deep to the 2nd intercostal space[sternal angle] spanning 1 fingerbreadth on either side of the sternum (also the great vessel origins are found here) |
|
Definition
| where can the superior border of the heart be located using surface anatomy? |
|
|
Term
| 1 fb to the right of the sternum from intercostal space 2-5 |
|
Definition
| where can the right heart border be found using surface antomy? |
|
|
Term
| 1 fb to the right end of the sternal body to 1 hb(handsbreadth) to the left of the midline in the 5th intercostal space |
|
Definition
| where is the inferior border of the heart found using surface anatomy? |
|
|
Term
| upper margin of the 3rd costal cartilage on the right side |
|
Definition
| where can the SVC be found using surface anatomy? |
|
|
Term
| upper margin of the 3rd costal cartilage on the left side. It bifurcates deep to the 2nd costal cartilage |
|
Definition
| where can the pulmonary trunk be located using surface anatomy? |
|
|
Term
| near the midline at the 3rd intercostal space |
|
Definition
| where can the aorta be located using surface anatomy? |
|
|
Term
| deep to left 3rd sternocostal joint |
|
Definition
| where can the pulmonary valve be located using surface anatomy? |
|
|
Term
| deep to the sternal body on left side adjacent to the 3rd intercostal space |
|
Definition
| where can the aortic valve be located using surface anatomy? |
|
|
Term
| deep to the sternal body on the left side adjacent to the 4th intercostal space (just below the aortic valve) |
|
Definition
| where can the mitral valve be located using surface anatomy? |
|
|
Term
| behind the sternal body on the right side adjacent to the 5th intercostal space |
|
Definition
| where can the tricuspid valve be located using surface anatomy? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| areas where sounds from each valve may be heard most distinctly |
|
|
Term
| where blood flow is close and directed toward the chest wall(away from valve) |
|
Definition
| where are auscultation points heard best? |
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