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health science anatomy
key terms chap 6
71
Anatomy
12th Grade
01/12/2009

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Jaundice
Definition
A yellow descoloration of the skin. Idicates bile in the blood as a result of liver or gallbladder disease.
Term

Macules

(Skin Eruption)

Definition

(Macular Rash)

Flat spots on the skin, such as frekles.

Term
Melanin
Definition
A brownish black pigment. Produced in the epidermis by specialized cells called melanocytes.
Term

Papules

(Skin Eruption)

Definition
(Papular Rash)Firm, raised  areas such as pimples and the eruptions seen in some stages of chickenpox and syphilis
Term

Pustules

(Skind eruption)

Definition
Pus-filled sacs such as those seen in acne, or pimples.
Term
Sebaceous Glands
Definition
  • Oil glands tha usually open onto hair follicles
  • They produce sebum, an oil that keeps the skin and hair from becoming dry and brittle

 

Term

Subcutaneous Fascia

(hypodermis)

Definition
The innermost layer of skin. Its made of elastic and fibrous connective tissue and adipose (Fatty☺) tissue.
Term

Sudoriferous Glands

(sweat Glands)

Definition

Are coiled tubes that extend through the dermis and open on the surface of the skin at pores.

Term

Ulcer

(Skin eruptions)

Definition
A deep loss of skin surface that may extend into the dermis; may cause periodic bleeding and the formation of scars.
Term
Vesicles
Definition
Blisters, or fluid-filled sacs, such as those seen in chikenpox.
Term

Wheals

(skin eruptions)

Definition
Itchy, elevated areas with an irregular shape, hives and insect bites are examples.
Term
Appendicular Skeleton
Definition
The bones that form the limbs or extremeties of the body.
Term

Axial Skeleton

Definition

Forms the main trunk of the body and is composed of the skull, spinal cord, ribs, and breastbone.

Term
Carpals
Definition
Bone of the wrist
Term
Clavicles
Definition
Collar bone
Term
Cranium
Definition
Spherical structure that surrounds and protects the brain.
Term

Diaphysis

[image]

Definition
The shaft, or middle section, of a long bone.
Term

Endosteum

 

 

[image]

Definition
Membrane that lines the medullary canal and keeps the yellow marrow intact.
Term

Epiphysis

 

[image]

Definition
The end or head at the extremity of a long bone
Term
femur
Definition
Thigh bone of the leg; the longest and strongest bone in the body.
Term

Fibula

[image]

Definition
Outer and smaller bone of the lower leg.
Term

Fontanels

[image]

Definition
Area between the cranial bones where the bones have not fused together; "soft spots" in the skull of an infant.
Term

Foramina

[image]

Definition
A passage or opening; a hoel in a bone through blood vessels or nerves pass.
Term

Humerus

 

 

Definition
Long bone of the upper arm
Term

Joints

 

[image]

Definition
An articulation, or area where two bones meet or join
Term

Ligaments

 

[image]

Definition
Fibrous tissue that connetcs bone to bone.
Term

Medulllary Canal

[image]

Definition
Inner, or central, portion of a long bone.
Term
Metacarpals
Definition

Bone of the hand of the hand bewteen the wrist and each figer

 

[image]

 

Term

Metatarsals

 

[image]

Definition
Bone of the foot between the instep and each toe
Term

Os Coxae

 

[image]

Definition
The hipbone; formed by the union of the ilium, ischium, and pubis.
Term

Patella

 

[image]

Definition
Term

Periosteum

[image]

Definition
Fibrous membrane that covers the bones except at joint areas.
Term

Phalanges

[image]

Definition
Bones of the fingers and toes.
Term

Radius

 

[image]

Definition
Long bone of the forearm, between the wrist and elbow.
Term

Red Marrow

 

[image]

Definition
Soft tissue in the epiphy of long bone.
Term

Ribs

[image]

Definition
Also called costae; 12 pairs of narrow, curved bones the surround the thoracic cavity.
Term
Abduction
Definition
Moving a body part part away from the midline.  
Term
Adduction
Definition
Moving a body part toward the midline.
Term

Cardiac Muscle

Definition
Forms the walls of the heart and contracts to circulate blood.
Term
Circumduction
Definition
Moving in a circle at a joint, or moving one end of a body part in a circle while the other end remains stationary.
Term
Contract
Definition
To shorten, decrease in size, or draw toghether
Term
Contractibility
Definition
Muscle fibers that are stimulated by nerves.
Term
Contracture
Definition
Tightening or shortening of a muscle.
Term
Elasticity
Definition

Allows the muscle to return to its original shape after it has contracted or stretched.

Term
Excitability
Definition

Irratability, the ability to respond to a stimulus such as a nerve impulse.

Term
Extencitabiliy
Definition
The ability to be stretched.
Term
Extension
Definition
Increasing the angle between two bones, or straightening a body part.
Term
Fascia
Definition

Fibrous membrane covering, supporting, and separating muscles.

Term
Flexion
Definition

Decreasing  the angle between two parts; bending a limb.

Term
Insertion
Definition
End or area of a muscle that moves when the muscle contracts.
Term

Scapula

Definition
Shoulder blade or bone.
Term
Sinuses
Definition
Cavity or air space in a bone.
Term
Skeletal System
Definition

Is made of organs called bones.

Term
Sternum
Definition
Breastbone
Term
Sutures
Definition

An area where bones join or fuse together.

Term
Tarsals
Definition

One of the seven bones that forms the instep of the foot.

 

Term
Tibia
Definition
Inner or larger bone of the lower leg, between the knee and angle[image]
Term

Ulna

Definition
Long bone in the forearm, between the wrist and elbow.
Term
Vertebrae
Definition
Bones of the spinal column.
Term
Yellow Marrow
Definition
Soft tissue in the diaphyses of long bones.[image]
Term
Involuntary
Definition
Independent action not controlled by choice or desire.
Term

Muscle Tone

 

Definition
State of partial muscle contraction providing a state of readiness to act.
Term

Muscular System

 

Definition
  • System made up of 600 muscles.

 

  • Muscles are bundles of muscle fibers held together by connective tissue. 
Term
Origin
Definition

End or area of a muscle thar remains stationary when the muscle contracts.

Term
Rotation
Definition
Movement around a central axis; a turning.
Term
Skeletal Muscle
Definition
Muscle attached to bones and causes body movement.
Term
Tendons
Definition

Fibous connective tissue that connects muscles to bones.

Term
Visceral (smooth) muscle
Definition
Found in internal organs of the body. Contracts to cause movement in organs.
Term
Voluntary
Definition
Under one's control; done by one's choice or desire.
Term

Autonomic Nervous System

Definition
That division of the nervous system concerned with reflex, or involuntary, activities of the body.
Term
Brain
Definition
Soft mass of of nerve tissue inside the cranium.
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