Origin: Skin & fascia overlying pectoralis major and deltoid

Insertion: Inferior Border of Mandible and Skin of Lower Face

Innervation: Facial (VII)

Action: Tenses skin of neck  

Origin: Sternal Head=Manubrium

Clavicular Head=Medial 1/3 of Clavicle

Insertion: Mastoid Process of Temporal Bone

Lateral 1/2 of Superior Nuchal Line of Occipital Bone

Innervation: Accessory (XI)

Action: Unilateral side neck Abduction to same side and rotation toward opposite side

Bilateral Flexion of Head

*Accessory Respiratory Muscle 

Origin: Anterior Belly=Digastric Fossa of Mandible

Posterior Belly=Mastoid Process of Temporal Bone

Insertion: Intermediate Tendon connected to Hyoid Bone

Innervation: Anterior Belly=Branch of V3

Posterior Belly=Facial (VII)

Action: Elevates Hyoid during Swallowing 

Origin: Styloid Process of Temporal Bone

Insertion: Hyoid

Innervation: Facial (VII)

Action: Elevate and Retract Hyoid Bone during swallowing 

Origin: Mylohyoid Line of Mandible

Insertion: Hyoid

Innervation: Branch of V3

Action: Elevate Hyoid during swallowing 

Origin: Inferior Mental Spine of Mandible

(beneath Mylohyoid, fibers go vertically)

Insertion: Hyoid

Innervation: C1

Action: Pulls Hyoid antero-superiorally during swallowing 

Origin: Posterior Surface of Manubrium of Sternum and Medial End of Clavicle 

Insertion: Hyoid

Innervation: Ana Cervicalis

Action: Depresses Hyoid after it has been elvated during swallowing 

Origin: Manubrium and First Costal Cartilage

Insertion: Oblique Line of Thyroid Cartilage

Innervation: Ana Cervicalis

Action: Depresses Thyroid Cartilage after it has been elevated during swallowing 

Origin: Oblique Line of Thyroid Cartilage

Insertion: Hyoid

Innervation: C1

Action: Depresses Hyoid and Elevates Thyroid 

Origin: Inferior Belly=Upper Border of Scapula

Superior Belly=Intermediate Tendon

Insertion: Inferior Belly=Intermediate Tendon

 Superior Belly=Body of Hyoid

Innervation: Ana Cervicalis

Action: Depresses and Retracts Hyoid during swallowing 

Origin: Vertebrae

Insertion: Vertebrae including Anterior Tublercle of Atlas

Innervation: Ventral Rami of Cervical N.

Action: Neck Flexion 

Origin: Transverse Processes of Middle Cervical Vertebrae

Insertion: Inferior Surface of Basilar Part of Occipital Bone

Innervation: Ventral Rami of Cervical N.

Action: Head Flexion 

Origin: Anterior Tubercle of Transverse Processes of Cervical Vertebrae

Insertion: First Rib Anteriorly

Innervation: Ventral Rami of Cervial N.

Action: Flexion of Neck, Side Bending to same side, and Rotation toward opposite side

*Accessory Respitory Muscle 

Origin: Posterior Tubercle of Transverse Processes of Cervical Vertebrae

Insertion: Posterior Part of First Rib

Innervation: Ventral Rami of Cervical N.

Action:  Side Bending of Neck and Rotation to Opposite Side

*Accessory Respiratory Muscle 

Origin: Posterior Tubercle of Transverse Processes of Cervical Vertebrae

Insertion: Second Rib

Innervation: Ventral Rami of Cervical N.

Action: Side Bending of Neck to same side

*Accessory Respiratory Muscle 

Origin: Temporal Fossa

Insertion: Coronoid Process and Anterior Border of Ramus of Mandible

Innervation: Mandibular (V3)

Action: Elevation and Retraction of Mandible 

Origin: Inferior Margin of Zygomatic Arch

Insertion: Lateral Surface of Ramus and Coronoid Process of Mandible

Innervation: Mandibular (V3)

Action: Elevation and some Protraction of Mandible 

Origin: Infratemporal Surface of Greater Wing of Sphenoid Bone and Lateral Surface of Lateral Pterygoid Plate

Insertion:  Pterygoid Fossa, Articular Disc, and Capsule of TM Joint

Innervation: Mandibular (V3)

Action: Protraction, Depression, and Lateral Movement of Mandible to opposite side 

Origin: Medial Surface of Lateral Pterygoid Plate and Tuberosity of Maxilla

Insertion: Medial Surface of Mandible near Angle

Innervation: Mandibular (V3)

Action: Protraction, Elevation, and Lateral Movement of Mandible to opposite side