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head and neck
n/a
51
Anatomy
Graduate
09/22/2012

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Term
carotid triangle location
Definition
scm, post. digastric, sup. omohyoid
Term
carotid triangle contents
Definition
carotid artery, internal jug, hypoglossal nerve, vagus nerve, paravertebral chain
Term
submandibular triangled
Definition
digastric muscle bounds. contains submandibular glands
Term
submental triangle
Definition
ant. digastric belly, hyoid, midline
Term
muscular triangle
Definition
a subdivision of carotid - scm, omohyoid superior belly, neck midline. approach for trachea, esophagus, thyroid
Term
posterior triangle
Definition
scm, clavicle, trapezius
Contains accessory nerve, subclavian a. and n., brachial plexus, cervical lymph nodes, and subclavian artery part 3 (distal to anterior scalene part).
Term
cervical triangle subdivisions
Definition
omoclavicular ("omo" refers to p. omohyoid) and occipital
Term
at what level does the carotid artery bifurcate?
Definition
at the level of the superior margin of the thyroid cartilage
Term
which nerves pass through the orbit?
Definition
CN II, III, IV,
V1: nasociliary, facial, lacrimal
V2: infraorbital, zygomatic NERVE
VI
VII: (pterygopalatine ganglion -> zygomatic nerve -> lacrimal nerve)
Term
which a. and v. pierce CN II?
Definition
the central retinal a. and v.
Term
what is the function of the ciliary body, besides the functions of the ciliary muscle
Definition
anterior: creates aqueous humor
posterior: contributes to vitreous humor.
Term
what is the name of the bind spot? Which ocular layers is this missing?
Definition
the optic disc is missing choroid and retinal layers
Term
what might a blue sclear indicate?
Definition
osteogenesis imperfecta
Term
how might increased intracranial pressure be manifested in an eye exam?
Definition
swollen optic disc - b/c venous blockage leads to retinal edema.
Term
what is the name of the central, cone-containing portion of the retina?
Definition
macula lutea (contains fovea centralis)
Term
to what structure is the vitreous body attached posteriorly?
Definition
the optic disc
Term
which muscles are derived from pharyngeal arch I?
Definition
muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, ant. digastric, tensor vali palatini, tensor tympani,
Term
which muscles are derived from pharyngeal arch II?
Definition
stapedius, stylohyoid, facial expression, posterior belly of digastric
Term
which muscles are derived from pharyngeal arch III?
Definition
stylopharyngeus muscle (CN IX)
Term
which muscles are derived from pharyngeal arch IV?
Definition
larynx, pharynx/larynx muscles (all CNX). Exceptions to pharyngeal muscles: stylopharyngeus (IX) Note: External pharyngeal constrictors, though part of arch IV, are innervated by the PLEXUS from X AND IX
Term
what i are the symptoms of digeorge's syndrome?
Causes?
Definition
thymic aplasia, no parathyroid glands, thyroid hypoplasia, cardiac defects.
Causes are a 22q deletion or a teratogen, which results in 3rd + 4th pouches not differentiating.
Term
what are the border structures for the pharyngeal divisions?
Definition
soft palate, hyoid bone, inf. border of cricoid cartilage
Term
what is the arterial supply of the ear?
Definition
external carotid and its branch, the posterior auricular
Term
which CN's innervate external ear?
Definition
Outer ear: great auricular, lesser occipital (from plexus)
Tympanic skin: V3 (X, VII)
Inner tympanic: IX
Term
what is the name of the oral cavity called when the mouth is open?
Definition
rima (orifice of the mouth)
Term
what is the name of the sulcus inferior to the nose?
Definition
Philtrum
Term
what is the name for the opening to the throat from the oral cavity?
Definition
fauces
Term
which 1) branches and 2) specific nerves of CN V supply sensory fibers to the cheek?
Definition
1) V2, V3
2) buccal (V3), infraorbital (V2)
Term
what is the pattern of teeth in deciduous, adult?
Definition
2-1-2 (deciduous), then 2-1-2-3 (adult)
Term
where does the deep petrosal nerve run, and what does it carry?
Definition
Runs from carotid plexus -> pterygopalatine ganglion, carrying sympathetic fibers
Term
what is the name for the blind pouch between the sulcus terminalis and the median sulcus?
Definition
foramen secum
Term
what is the name of the veins surrounding the frenulum?
Definition
the deep lingual veins
Term
which nerve gives GSA's to the floor of the mouth?
Definition
Lingual (CN V3)
Term
what is the product of the 4 pharyngeal pouches ?
Definition
1) middle ear/auditory tube
2) palatine tonsils
3)inferior parathyroid, thymus (which drags inferior parat. down)
4) superior parathyroid, thyroid.
Term
from what structure does the thyroid arise?
Definition
from pharyngeal pouch 4; it is a diverticulum of pharyngeal endoderm.
Term
what is the CT connecting the nasopharynx to the cranium?
Definition
pharyngobasilar fascia
Term
what is the level at which the cricoid/ trachea junction takes place?
Definition
C6
Term
where can the recurrent laryngeal nerve (inferior laryngeal) be found inferior to the thyroid?
Definition
in the groove between the esophagus and trachea
Term
which arteries can provide anastomotic flow in the event of a carotid one-sided block?
Definition
thyoid (superior and inferior?)
Term
describe the autonomic innervation of the thyroid gland
Definition
sympathetics from middle and superior cervical ganglia. NO parasympathetics.
Term
which muscles of the strap are innervated by CN VII?

What are MOST strap muscles innervated by?
Definition
1) stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric

2) ansa cervicalis
Term
what are the nerves of the
1) posterior ramus of the Cerv. plexus
2) anterior ramus ""
Definition
1) greater occipital (over triangle), suboccipital (in triangle)
2) great auricular, lesser occipital, transverse cervical, supraclavicular
Term
name of foramen connecting the lateral ventricles to the 3rd ventricle
Definition
foramen of munro (interventricular)
Term
name of foramen connecting 3rd and 4th ventricles
Definition
cerebral aquaduct
Term
name of capillaries that make CSF
Definition
choroid plexus
Term
name of arachnoid "tufts" that secrete CSF into the sup. sagittal sinus
Definition
arachnoid granulations
Term
the name of the passageway between the arachnoid and ventricles
Definition
foramina of luschka and magendie (two luschka, lateral to magendie)
Term
what is the conus elasticus?
Definition
Connects the superior margin of the cricoid cartilage with the vocal fold (because of the anteroinferior slope of the cricoid cartilage, this membrane is longer in the anterior aspect).
Term
what is the quadrangular membrane?
Definition
attaches to the epiglottis, vestibular folds, aryoepiglottic fold
Term
what is the space between the vocal folds called?
Definition
rima glottidis
Term
what are the five cartilages of the nose?
Definition
septal, lateral, alar (last two groups are paired)
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