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Head and Neck Anatomy Chp 10
Lymphatic System
54
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
11/18/2009

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Cards

Term

What is the function of the lymphatics?

Definition
Help fight disease
Term

Which main structures do the lymphatic vessels parallel in the body?

Definition
Venous blood vessels
Term

What structures do lymphatic vessels have that control the flow of fluid?

Definition
valves
Term

What is the term for the fluid that travels in the lymphatic vessels and drains from tissues?

Definition
lymph
Term

Describe the lymph nodes of a healthy individual.

Definition
small, soft, free or mobile. Can not be visualized or palpable.
Term

What type of vessel allows the lymph to flow into the lymph node?

Definition
afferent vessels
Term

What type of vessel allows the lymph to flow out of the lymph node?

Definition
efferent vessels
Term

What term describes the depression on the side of the lymph node?

Definition
hilus
Term

What is another term for primary nodes?

Definition
master node
Term

What is another term for secondary nodes?

Definition
central node
Term

Compare the differences of the pathway of drainage in primary and secondary nodes.

Definition
Tissue drains into a primary node and a primary node drains into a secondary node
Term

Of what is tonsillar tissue composed? What is its function?

Definition
masses of lymphoid tissue. contain lymphocytes. remove toxic products and protects body against disease.
Term

Compare lymphatic ducts with lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels.

Definition
ducts prevent backflow, nodes are like sac like that contain a fluid. vessels carry the toxin to the nearest node.
Term

What major lymphatic duct is found on the right side of the body?

Definition
jugular trunk
Term

What forms the major lymphatic duct on the right side?

Definition
right arm and thorax
Term

What major lymphatic duct is found on the left side of the body?

Definition
thoracic duct
Term

What forms the major lymphatic duct on the left side?

Definition
left arm and thorax
Term

Name the superficial lymph nodes of the head and neck.

Definition
occipital, retroauricular, anterior auricular, superficial paratid, facial nodes
Term

Name the facial lymph nodes and relate their order from superior to inferior.

Definition
Malar lymph nodes, nasolabial lymph nodes, buccal lymph nodes, mandibular lymph nodes
Term

Name the deep lymph nodes of the head and neck.

Definition
deep parotid and retropharyngeal nodes
Term

Name the superficial cervical lymph nodes.

Definition
submental, submandibular, external jugular, anterior jugular
Term

Name the deep cervical lymph nodes.

Definition

superior - jugulodigastric lymph node.

inferior - jugulo - omohyoid lymph node

Term
  1. The occipital lymph nodes are in what group?
  2. Where are they are located? 
  3. How are they palpated?
  4. What areas do they drain?
  5. Into what do they empty?
Definition
  1. superficial lymph nodes of the head and neck
  2. bilaterally on the posterior base of the head in occipital region
  3. bilateral at the base of the head
  4. drain occipital portion of scalp
  5. deep cervical nodes of the neck

 

Term
  1. The retroauricular lymph nodes are in which group?
  2. Where are they located? 
  3. How are they palpated?
  4. What areas do they drain?
  5. Into what do they empty?
Definition
  1. superficial lymph nodes of the head and neck
  2. posterior to each ear. where sterncleimast inserts on mastoid process.
  3. bilaterally
  4. external ear, lacrimal gland, adjacent regions of scalp and face.
  5. deep cervical nodes
Term
  1. The anterior auricular lymph nodes are in what group?
  2. Where are they located?
  3. How are they palpated?
  4. What areas do they drain?
  5. Into what do they empty?
Definition
  1. superficial lymph nodes of the head and neck
  2. anterior to the ear.
  3. bilaterally
  4. external ear, lacrimal gland, adjacent regions of scalp and face.
  5. deep cervical lymph nodes
Term
  1. The superficial parotid lymph nodes are in what group?
  2. Where are they located?
  3. How are they palpated?
  4. What areas do they drain?
  5. Into what do they empty?
Definition
  1. superficial lymph nodes of the head and neck
  2. superficial to each parotid gland
  3. bilaterally
  4. external ear, lacrimal gland, adjacent regions of scalp and face.
  5. deep cervical lymph nodes
Term

The facial lymph nodes are in what group? What are their subgroups?

Definition

superficial lymph nodes of the head and neck

Malar lymph nodes, nasolabial lymph nodes, buccal lymph nodes, mandibular lymph nodes

Term

How do you palpate the facial nodes?

Definition
bilaterally from infraorbital to labial commisure then to mandible.
Term

Into what lymph nodes do all the facial nodes drain?

Definition
submandibular nodes
Term

Can you palpate the deep and retropharyngeal lymph nodes? Why?

Definition
no they are to deep under the tissue
Term

Into what do the deep lymph nodes of the head drain?

Definition
deep cervical lymph nodes
Term

The deep parotid lymph nodes are in what group?

Where are they located?

What areas do they drain?

Definition

superficial parotid nodes

deep in parotid salivary gland

middle ear, auditory tube, parotid salivary gland

Term

The retropharyngeal lymph nodes are in what group?

Where are they located?

What areas do they drain?

Definition

Superior deep lymph nodes of the head

deep parotid nodes

pharynx, palate, paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity

Term
  1. The submental lymph nodes are in what group?
  2. Where are they located?
  3. How do you palpate them?
  4. What areas do they drain?
  5. Into what do they empty?
Definition
  1. Superficial cervical lymph nodes
  2. inferior to the chin in the sumental fascial space.
  3. with one hand under the chin
  4. sides of the chin, lower lip, floor of the mouth, apex of the tongue, mand incisors
  5. submandibular nodes
Term
  1. The submandibular lymph nodes are in what group?
  2. Where are they located?
  3. How do you palpate them?
  4. What areas do they drain?
  5. Into what do they empty?
Definition
  1. superficial cervical lymph nodes
  2. inferior border of the ramus
  3. bilaterally angle of the mandible
  4. cheeks, upper lip, body of the tongue, anterior portion of hard palate, teeth
  5. deep cervical nodes
Term
  1. The external jugular lymph nodes are in what group?
  2. Where are they located?
  3. How do you palpate them?
  4. What areas do they drain?
  5. Into what do they empty?
Definition
  1. Superficial cervical Lymph nodes
  2. each side of the neck
  3. palpate on each side of the sternocleido
  4. 2ndary node to occipital, retroauricular, ant auric. superficial paraotid.
  5. deep cervical node
Term
  1. The anterior jugular lymph nodes are in what group?
  2. Where are they located?
  3. How do you palpate them?
  4. What areas do they drain?
  5. Into what do they empty? 
Definition
  1. superficial cervical lymph nodes
  2. anterior to sternocleido.
  3. palpate inferior to ear
  4. infrahyoid region of neck
  5. deep cervical nodes
Term
  1. The superior deep cervical lymph nodes are in what group?
  2. Where are they located?
  3. What areas do they drain?
  4. How do you palpate them?
  5. Into what do they empty? 6. Which node is sometimes prominent?
Definition
  1. deep cervical lymph nodes
  2. deep beneath sternocleidomastoid.
  3. posterior nasal cavity, hard palate, soft palate, base of the tongue, max third molars, esophagus, trachea, thyroid
  4. not palpable only tonsils can feel when sick
  5. inferior deep cervical nodes 6. jugulodigastric
Term
  1. The inferior deep cervical lymph nodes are in what group?
  2. Where are they located?
  3. What areas do they drain?
  4. How do you palpate them?
  5. Into what do they empty? Which node is sometimes prominent?
Definition
  1. deep cervical lymph nodes
  2. deep to sternomastoid
  3. posterior portion of scalp and neck, superficial pectoral region, portion of the arm.
  4. superior to clavicle
  5. drain into jugular trunk
  6. jugulo-omohyoid lymph node
Term
  1. Where are the accessory lymph nodes located?
  2. What areas do they drain?
  3. Into what do they empty?
Definition
  1. along the 11th cranial nerve
  2. scalp and neck
  3. supraclavicular nodes
Term
  1. Where are the supraclavicular lymph nodes located?
  2. §  How do you palpate them?
  3. §  What areas do they drain?
  4. §  Into what do they empty?
Definition
  1. along the clavicle
  2. palpate each side of clavicle
  3. lateral cervical triangles
  4. jugular trunk or thoracic duct
Term

Of what are the tonsils composed?

Definition
masses of lymphoid tissue
Term

Where are the palatine tonsils located?

Definition
oral cavity between anterior and posterior faucial pillars
Term

Describe the shape of palatine tonsils.

Definition
rounded
Term

Where are the lingual tonsils located?

Definition
base of the dorsal surface of the tongue
Term

Describe the shape of lingual tonsils.

Definition
indistinct layer of lymphoid tissue
Term

Where are the pharyngeal tonsils located?

Definition
posterior wall of the nasopharynx
Term

What is another term used for the pharyngeal tonsils?

Definition
adneoids
Term

Where are the tubal tonsils located?

Definition
nasopharynx
Term

Which type of tonsil is commonly enlarged in children?

Definition
adnoids or pharyngeal tonsil
Term

Describe lymphadenopathy and how it relates to the lymphatics.

Definition
when someone has cancer or disease the increase in size happens in lymphoid tissue. due to more cellsand larger cells
Term

Describe metastasis and the role of the primary and secondary nodes.

Definition
infection spreads from the first node to the 2nd.
Term

Describe nodes with cancer.

Definition
bony hard and fixed to surrounding tissue making them nonmobile
Term
Describe nodes with acute infection.
Definition
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