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Gross Anatomy: Abdomen
Gross Anatomy Abdomen review
30
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
02/27/2013

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Term
Layers of Abdomenal Wall
Definition
Skin, Superficial fascia, Deep Fascia, External Oblique, Deep Fascia, Internal Oblique, Deep Fascia, Transversus abdominus, Transversalis Fascia, Pelvic Inlet, peritoneum (inside of peritoneum is the peritoneal cavity)
Term
Transversalis Fascia is a lot like...
Definition
Endothorasic fascia in thorax
Term
4 Anterior abdominal Wall muscles
Definition
3 Flat- External Obliques, Internal Obliques, and Transversus abdominus
Superficialish- Recuts Abdominus
Term
External oblique aponeurosis
Definition
One origin of the external obliques thats adjacent to the lats
Term
Linea Alba
Definition
Center line down your abs consisting of connective tissue
Term
Inguinal Ligament connects...
Definition
ASIS and the pubic tubercles
Term
External Oblique O --> I + orientation + movement direction
Definition
Ribs-> Fascia + Superomedially + contralaterally
Term
Internal Oblique O --> I + orientation + movement direction
Definition
Fascia --> Ribs + Inferomedially + ipsilaterally
Term
Transversus abdominus facts
Definition
-Deepest adominal muscle
-Runs horizontally
Term
Actions of Flat Anterior Muscles
Definition
- support abdominal viscera
- abdominal Compresion (costal attachment is orgin)
- move the trunk ( not transversus abdominus) (costal attachment is insertion)
- bilaterally: flex trunk
- unilaterally: Lateral flexion + rotation
Term
rectus abdominus facts
Definition
- origin is inferior to insertion (unusual)
-divided by tendiinous intersections
Term
Nerve Supply to abdomenal- anterior muscles
Definition
-ilioinguinal and iliohypogastic (L1) (not rectus abdominus)
-anterior rami of T7-T11 and subcostal
Term
Blood Supply to Flat anterior abodominal muscles
Definition
-lower posterior intercostal and subcostal
-deep circumflex iliac
Term
Blood Supply to rectus abdominus
Definition
-superior epigastric
-inferior epigastric
Term
Structures formed by anterior abdominal muscles
Definition
-rectus sheathv (cross section... orietation of fibers of internal oblique and transversus abdominus change from superfical (IO is half and half) of rectus abdominus to deep of it as you get more inferior)
-linea semilunaris (side lines)
-linea alba (center line)
Term
Hernia's
Definition
25% Direct/ 75% Indirect
Direct- tear in TR, usually an intestine passes through the tear and out the supercial ring
Indirect- usually an intestine passes through the deep ring, inguinal canal, and out the superficial ring
Term
4 Posterior Abdominal Muscles
Definition
-quadratus lumboroum
-psoas major (L2-3)
-iliacus (femoral N) (psoas major and iliacus form the iliopsoas, the most poerful hip flexor group)
-psoas minor (L1)
Term
Quadratus Lumborum Actions (3)
Definition
-respiration- depress rib
-unilateral- lateral flexion
- reverse- hike hip
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
-primary muscle sof inspiration
-1 muscle with 2 compartments
--contractile
-- non-contactile central tendon
Term
3 regions of Diaphragm
Definition
-steranl
--xiphoid process
-- cartilages of 7,8,9, and ends of ribs 10-12
-costal
--lateral and medial arcuate ligaments (medial arcuate ligament goes over psoas major)
-lumbar- T12/L1
--know Crura- aortic hiatus0 and median arcuate ligament
Term
3 diaphragm apertures
Definition
aortic hiatus (T12)- bottom one in picture
esophageal hiatus (T10)-middle and to right
vena caval hiatus (T8)- top one
Term
Diaphragm innervation
Definition
Motor: paired phrenic n's (C3-5)
Sensory:
-cental: phrenic nerve
-periphery: inferior 6-7 IC and subcostal Nerves
Term
Diaphragm Blood supply
Definition
-superior phrenic artery
-inferior phrenic artery
Term
Diaphragm innvervation: clinical information
Definition
if spinal cord is severed about C2/3 the respiratory drive from the brain stem to the phrenic nerves is severed- if below C5 the patient can still breathe
Term
Abdomen- Blood Supply
Definition
-Subcostal A's
-4 types of branches off of the abdominal aorta
-3 anterior visceral unpaired
- 4 lateral visceral paired
- 4 lumbar
- 1 median sacral
Term
3 anterior visceral unpaired A's off abdominal aorta
Definition
celiac trunk
superior mesenteric
inferior mesenteric
Term
4 lateral visceral paired
Definition
inferior phrenic
middle suprarenal
renal
reproductive
Term
Terminal Branches in abdomen (BS)
Definition
-common iliac (L4/5)--> interal iliac(S1) and external iliac(S1)
Term
interal ilaic (S1) terminal branches
Definition
superior gluteal- supplies the gluteus maximus, mediaus,and minimus, tensor facia latae
inferior gluteal- supplies the gluteus maximus, obturator internus, quadratus femoris, and superior hamstrings
Obtrator- supplies the obtrator internus and externus, and hip joint
Term
external iliac (S1): major blood supply for lower extremity as femoral A
but has 2 pelvic branches:
Definition
-deep cimcumflex iliac- lower abdominals
inferior epigastric- rectus abdominus
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