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| Hoplites went into battle as a unit, marching shoulder to shoulder in a rectangular formation created a wall of shields to protect the hoplites. The military system was based on Hoplites. |
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| Sir Arthur Evans/Heinrich Schliemann |
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| He was an English archaeologist most famous for unearthing the palace of Knossos on the Greek island of Crete. |
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| Governments: (Tyrants, Democracy, Oligarchy) |
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| Tyrants-Its a cruel and oppressive ruler. Democracy- Its a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state typically through elected representatives. Oligarchy- Its a small group of people that have control over a country, organization or institution. |
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| He was an Athenian statesman, lawmaker, and poet. He is remembered particularly for his efforts to legislate against political, economic, and moral decline in archaic Athens. |
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| He is the King of Persia who expanded the empire, organized a highly efficient administratice system and invaded Greece. |
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| Is a town in Greece, the site of the battle of Marathon in 490 BC, in which heavily outnumbered Athenian army defeated the Persians. |
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| Polis became the central focus of Greek life. |
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| Homer is the most famous of all their supposed military adventures is recounted in poetry. |
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| The Minoan civilization flourished from 2700 to 1450 B.C. They Minoans were not Greek, but they did influence the peoples of the Greek mainland. Mycenaean is a fortified site on the Greek mainland that was first discovered by the German archaeologist Heinrich Schiemann. |
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| Hellespont/Bosporus/Byzantium |
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| The greeks also settled along the shores of the Black Sea, setting up cites on the Hellespont and the Bosporus straits. The most notable of these cities was Byzantium, the site of what later became Constantinople and is now Istanbul. |
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Athens had become a unified polis on the peninsula of Attica.
Importance (Why)- He was most important and powerful cities in Greece during the Classical period. I was also the first of the Greek city states fully develop democracy. |
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| It was an ancient Greek war fought by Athens and its empire against the Pelo[onnesian Legue led by Sparta. |
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| Alexander the Great was only 20 when he became king of Macedonia. |
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| Many historians today consider Thucydides the greatest historian of the ancient world. Herodotus wrote History of the Persian Wars, often seen as the first real history in Western civilization. |
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| Alexander created a new age, the Hellenistic Era. |
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Philip II came to the throne in 359 B.C., he built a powerful army and turned Macedonia into the chief of power of the Greek world.
Importance (Why)-He quickly gained control of all Greece, bringing |
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| Was a spartan king of the 5th century BC who sacrificed his life defending the pass of Thermopylae from the Persians. |
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| The ruling Athenian aristocrats reacted to this crisis in 594 B.C. by giving full power to Solon, a reform-minded aristocrat. |
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| Is a location in Greece where a narrow coastal passage existed in antiquity. It derives its name from its hot sulphur springs. |
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| Under Pericles, a dominant figure in Athenian politics between 461 and 429 B.C., Athens expanded its empire abroad while democracy flourished at home. |
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