Term
| Economic Causes of the Depression |
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Definition
- Agricultural overproduction
- Huge gap between rich & poor
- Stock market crash due to buying stock on margin
- Avalibilty of easy credit
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Term
| Political Causes of Depression |
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Definition
- Hoover follows hands off policy toward business
- Few regulations in place over companies
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Term
| Economic effects of depression |
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Definition
| Deflation, unemployment of 25%, drop in production |
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Term
| Foreign Affairs During Depression |
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Definition
| Hitler takes power in Germany due to hyperinflation |
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Term
| Political Effects of Depression |
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Definition
| FDR elected in 1932 and New Deal program increases govt. role in economy |
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Term
| Biggest national issue of the 1920s |
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Definition
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Term
| Piece of ownership in a company |
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Definition
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Term
| System to buy and sell stock |
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Definition
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Term
| guessing on the future prices of stock |
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Definition
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Term
| Making down payment on stock, pay rest after the sale |
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Definition
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Term
| Stocks being sold for more than they were worth |
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Definition
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Term
| The day the stock market crashed |
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Definition
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Term
| Average stock prices of major industries |
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Definition
| Dow Jones Industrial Average |
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Term
| Using modern machinery for production |
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Definition
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Term
| problems w/ mechanization |
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Definition
| Fewer workers needed and fewer buyers for more goods |
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Term
| Income needed to maintain a decent life above the poverty line |
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Definition
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Term
| making payments on a product |
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Definition
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Term
| % on a dollar for borrowing money |
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Definition
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Term
| raised U.S. tariffs to their highest level ever |
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Definition
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Term
| Total value for all goods produced or services rendered within a given time period (usually 1 year) |
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Definition
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Term
| Government handouts to those in need (Food,money,jobs) |
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Definition
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Term
| Hoover's view of direct relief |
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Definition
| Felt handouts would destroys a person's initiative only directed releif to big business so they could pay fed. govt. back |
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Term
| Made loans to large industries (banks & RRs) to quicly fix the ecomony and benefit more people in the long run |
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Definition
| Reconstruction Finance Corporation |
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Term
| Makeshift homes for the poor |
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Definition
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Term
| WW1 vets trying to get their money by marching and camping out in Washington, D.C. |
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Definition
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Term
| Possibility of a revolution |
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Definition
- Communists and socialists viewed Depression as an opportunity
- Bad economy and low moraled created a situation in which people were opened to new ways
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Term
| Came from wealthy family, Senator and Governor of New York, Infected with polio virus |
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Definition
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Term
| 20th Amendment, lessened time a Pres. would be this |
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Definition
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Term
| Group of close advisors that outlined various economic and social plans became New Deal |
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Definition
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Term
| First female cabinet member (Sec. of Labor) |
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Definition
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Term
| The first First Lady to take an active role in politics and social programs (helped youth, minority rights, UN delegate) |
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Definition
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Term
| Public radio talks by FDR that explained his new plans |
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Definition
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Term
| FDR closed all banks temporarily to stop people from withdrwing all their money |
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Definition
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Term
| Authorized treasury department to inspect all banks |
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Definition
| Emergency Banking Relief Act |
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Term
First 100 days in FDRs adminastration
- Employed millions, businesses produced more, industrial production increased, Congress passed 15 bills
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Definition
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Term
| FDR philosophy was to try anything, if it didn't work just try something else |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- Recover: fix the symptom of the problemthen,
- Relief: fix the causes of those symptoms then,
- Reform: pass legislation to stop this from happening again
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Term
| Pumping govt. money into the economy especially throught the creation of obs to boost the economy |
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Definition
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Term
| Primarily focused on fixing the unemplyment problem |
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Definition
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Term
| Gave jobs to young single males (17-25) building roads, planting trees, soil erosion, flood control |
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Definition
| Civilian Conversation Corps (CCC) |
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Term
| Provided direct aid to states to be spent on food and clothing for elderly, umemployed, & ill |
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Definition
| Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA) |
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Term
| Largest New Deal agency, created many jobs for unskilled laborers building public facilities |
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Definition
| Works Program Adminastration (WPA) |
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Term
| Purpose to develop TN and Cumbeland Rivers, gave electricity and forms of recreation |
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Definition
| Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) |
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Term
| Insured banks deposits up to $5,000 |
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Definition
| Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) |
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Term
| Regulated the stock exchange and prevented the use of "insider information" to buy and sell stocks |
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Definition
| Security and Exchange Commision (SEC) |
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Term
| Monthly benefit to retirees, disabled, & survivor benefits; money comes from payroll taxes |
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Definition
| Social Security Insurance (SSI) |
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Term
| Fed Govt. paid farmers for every acre they did not seed |
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Definition
| Agricultural Adjustment Adminastration (AAA) |
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Term
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Definition
| People didn't like the killing of animals for no reason and the destroying food when millions of Americans were starving, and the rise in prices |
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Term
- Defined "unfair labor practice" and established a board to settle differences between employers and employees
- Created 40 hr/week, min age to work, & min wage
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Definition
| National Labor Relations Board aka Wagner Act (NLRB) |
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Term
| Nationwide min. wage, 40 hr/wk, no one under 18 can work |
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Definition
| Federal (Fair) Labor Standards Act (FLSA) |
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Term
| Company belonged to NRA agreed to limit ptoduction, created inflation where companies would make a profit, created codes for fair business practices |
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Definition
| National Recovery Adminastration (NRA) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| time of serious economic drought |
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Definition
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Term
| Pres. when the depression hit |
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Definition
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Term
| Pres. during most of the Depression |
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Definition
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Term
| FDR and congress passed a bill that wouldn't let banks foreclose on farmers in time of disaster; Opened up federal property to be planted on b/c of conditions |
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Definition
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Term
| Farmland was useless, so familes were forced to travel to CA for better conditions |
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Definition
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Term
| Opposed New Deal, devised plan to pay everyone over 60 $200/month. Had to spend money in 30 days to boost economy |
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Definition
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Term
| Opposed New Deal, first religious/political leader to use radio to reach to the masses, supported FDR then began criticizing him |
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Definition
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Term
| Opposed New Deal, effective speaker, Gov. of LA, wanted to share the wealth |
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Definition
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Term
| FDR's biggest political defeat, S.C. rejected New deal legislation (AAA & NRA) |
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Definition
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Term
| Why was NRA rejected by Congress? |
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Definition
| Gave Pres. lawmaking power |
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Term
| Why was AAA rejected by Congress? |
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Definition
| Special tax to farmers were unconstitutional |
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Term
| FDR wanted old justices to retire or he would appoint more to the court, would grant Pres. power to appoint more Justices to the S.C., didn;t make it through Congress |
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Definition
| Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937 (Court -packing Bill) |
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Term
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Definition
- restored optimism and courage
- provided relief and reduced misery
- reduced unemployment
- implemented many long lasting reforms
- created a more controlled economy
- maintained a democratic form of govt.
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Term
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Definition
- Into use of high govt. deficits
- Never elimated unemployment, hunger, proverty
- Created govt. bureaucarcy (cost lots of $)
- Created no guarantee of SSI when retired
- Raised taxes on wealthier Americans
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Term
| Eleanor gave up DAR memebership b/c they wouldn't let this lady sing st the meeting b/c she was black, so moved to Lincoln Memorial |
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Definition
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Term
| Wrote Gone With the Wind - story of plantation life during CW and reconstruction in the South |
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Definition
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Term
| First full length animated movie w/ complete plot and chracters |
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Definition
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Term
| One of the best female actresses |
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Definition
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Term
| Short term effects of New Deal |
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Definition
- Divorce decreased
- Births decreased
- More women began working outside the home
- Blacks given little help (80 % w/ no land)
- Discrimination increased b/c of Job competition
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Term
| Lasting effects of New Deal |
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Definition
| FDIC, SSI, Deficit spending, more govt. involvement in economy |
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Term
| organization of wealthy men who opposed the New Deal |
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Definition
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